Israel has recovered the bodies of six hostages who were seized during Hamas’s 7 October attack and taken to Gaza, its military has announced.

An overnight operation in Khan Younis in southern Gaza found the bodies of Yagev Buchshtab, Alexander Dancyg, Avraham Munder, Yoram Metzger, Nadav Popplewell and Chaim Peri, all civilians abducted from their homes in kibbutzim adjacent to Israel’s barrier wall with the Gaza Strip, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) said on Tuesday.

The military gave no details about how or when the men died. Over the past few months, the families of all six had announced the men had been killed after being briefed on IDF intelligence findings.

Israel’s prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, praised the recovery effort and said “our hearts ache for the terrible loss”. “The state of Israel will continue to make every effort to return all of our hostages – the living and the deceased,” he said.

In Gaza on Tuesday, at least 10 people were killed in an Israeli airstrike on a school housing displaced families west of Gaza City, the enclave’s civil defence authorities said. Israel said the school was being used as a Hamas base.

The number and identities of the estimated 120 Israelis who remain in captivity in Gaza, and the sequencing of how they may be released, is one of the key stumbling blocks in renewed ceasefire talks. The US secretary of state, Antony Blinken, described the current round of negotiations on Monday as “maybe the last opportunity” to broker a truce agreement in the 10-month-old conflict.

US officials have been accused of being too optimistic in their claims that negotiators are on the verge of striking a deal; several rounds of talks since December have failed.

Netanyahu has been accused of obstructing a ceasefire deal for political gain, claims he denies. On Monday, Netanyahu’s office put out a public statement in which he appeared to support the “bridging proposal” put forward by the US and agreed in Qatar last week. However, large gaps remain between the sides as mediators prepare to meet again in Cairo on Wednesday or Thursday.

Hamas is not directly participating in these negotiations and has said the latest proposal on the table veers too closely to Israel’s demands. On Tuesday, the militant group said comments by Joe Biden that they were backing away from an agreement with Israel were “misleading”.

The plan would involve an initial six-week ceasefire, during which a limited number of female, elderly and sick Israeli hostages would be freed in exchange for Palestinians held in Israeli jails. It would be indefinitely extendable while negotiators settled the second stage, in which soldiers and bodies would be returned, Israeli troops would begin to withdraw from Gaza and displaced Palestinian civilians would be allowed to return to their homes in the north of the strip.

Another major obstacle is whether Israel remains in control of the Gaza-Egypt border – a red line for Hamas and for Egypt.

Blinken travelled onwards to Egypt and Qatar on Tuesday for further negotiations after meetings in Israel on Monday. In Egypt he met the president, Gen Abdel Fatah al-Sisi.

After the meeting, Sisi said: “The ceasefire in Gaza must be the beginning of broader international recognition of the Palestinian state and the implementation of the two-state solution, as this is the basic guarantor of stability in the region.”

The US diplomat’s trip – his ninth since the war broke out – is part of intense new international efforts to broker a ceasefire after the assassinations of a top Hezbollah commander in Lebanon and Hamas’s political chief, Ismail Haniyeh, in Iran.

Tehran and the powerful Lebanese militia have threatened retaliatory action. A spokesperson for Iran’s Revolutionary Guards, Alimohammad Naini, told reporters on Tuesday there could be a long wait for Iranian retaliation against Israel.

For all parties, a cessation of hostilities in Gaza is the best way to cool regional tensions. Along with other armed groups in Iran’s “axis of resistance” across Syria, Iraq and Yemen, Hezbollah have said they will stop attacking Israel and US assets in the region when the war in Gaza ends.

About 250 Israelis and foreigners were taken hostage on 7 October in the Hamas invasion in which about 1,200 people, mostly civilians, were killed, according to Israeli tallies. A total of 40,200 people in Gaza have been killed in Israel’s ensuing retaliatory war on the strip, according to the health ministry in the Hamas-controlled territory. An estimated 10,000 more are buried beneath the rubble of buildings hit by airstrikes.

During a ceasefire in November, 105 Israeli hostages were released in exchange for 240 Palestinian women and children held in Israel’s jails, but the truce broke down after a week.

Since then, at least 43 hostages are believed to have died in captivity, according to official Israeli estimates. That number includes three hostages who were mistakenly shot dead by IDF soldiers in December and one, Sahar Baruch, who was killed in a failed rescue mission.

Hamas has claimed that several hostages died as a result of Israeli bombings. Last week, it made a rare statement on the killings of two unidentified male hostages, saying they were shot by their captor, contrary to orders, in revenge for the deaths of his children in an Israeli airstrike.

The Israeli military has rescued seven living hostages in three raids. A total of 274 people were killed and another 696 were injured in a June operation in Nuseirat refugee camp that freed four hostages, according to Palestinian medics, after the IDF launched airstrikes on the area to allow its commandos to escape after one of their vehicles broke down.

Israeli tanks, jets and bulldozers bombarding Gaza and razing homes in the occupied West Bank are being fueled by a growing number of countries signed up to the genocide and Geneva conventions, new research suggests, which legal experts warn could make them complicit in serious crimes against the Palestinian people.

Four tankers of American jet fuel primarily used for military aircraft have been shipped to Israel since the start of its aerial bombardment of Gaza in October.

Three shipments departed from Texas after the landmark international court of justice (ICJ) ruling on 26 January ordered Israel to prevent genocidal acts in Gaza. The ruling reminded states that under the genocide convention they have a “common interest to ensure the prevention, suppression and punishment of genocide”.

Overall, almost 80% of the jet fuel, diesel and other refined petroleum products supplied to Israel by the US over the past nine months was shipped after the January ruling, according to the new research commissioned by the non-profit Oil Change International and shared exclusively with the Guardian.

Researchers analyzed shipping logs, satellite images and other open-source industry data to track 65 oil and fuel shipments to Israel between 21 October last year and 12 July.

It suggests a handful of countries – Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Gabon, Nigeria, Brazil and most recently the Republic of the Congo and Italy – have supplied 4.1m tons of crude oil to Israel, with almost half shipped since the ICJ ruling. An estimated two-thirds of crude came from investor-owned and private oil companies, according to the research, which is refined by Israel for domestic, industrial and military use.

Israel relies heavily on crude oil and refined petroleum imports to run its large fleet of fighter jets, tanks and other military vehicles and operations, as well as the bulldozers implicated in clearing Palestinian homes and olive groves to make way for unlawful Israeli settlements.

In response to the new findings, UN and other international law experts called for an energy embargo to prevent further human rights violations against the Palestinian people – and an investigation into any oil and fuels shipped to Israel that have been used to aid acts of alleged genocide and other serious international crimes.

“After the 26 January ICJ ruling, states cannot claim they did not know what they were risking to partake in,” said Francesca Albanese, the UN special rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territory, adding that under international law, states have obligations to prevent genocide and respect and ensure respect for the Geneva conventions.

The official death toll in Gaza has almost doubled to at least 40,000 since the ICJ ruling, with thousands more Palestinians maimed, injured and missing under the rubble, presumed dead since Israel launched its retaliation for the deadly attack by Hamas on 7 October. About 96% or 2.15 million Palestinians are facing crisis levels of hunger, with food sources destroyed by military attacks and humanitarian aid severely curtailed.

“In the case of the US jet-fuel shipments, there are serious grounds to believe that there is a breach of the genocide convention for failure to prevent and disavowal of the ICJ January ruling and provisional measures,” said Albanese. “Other countries supplying oil and other fuels absolutely also warrant further investigation.”

In early August, a tanker delivered an estimated 300,000 barrels of US jet fuel to Israel after being unable to dock in Spain or Gibraltar amid mounting protests and warnings from international legal experts. Days later, more than 50 groups wrote to the Greek government calling for a war-crimes investigation after satellite images showed the vessel in Greek waters.

Last week, the US released $3.5bn to Israel to spend on US-made weapons and military equipment, despite reports from UN human rights experts and other independent investigations that Israeli forces are violating international law in Gaza and the occupied West Bank. A day later, the US approved a further $20bn in weapons sales, including 50 fighter jets, tank ammunition and tactical vehicles.

The sale and transfer of jet fuel – and arms – “increase the ability of Israel, the occupying power, to commit serious violations”, according to the UN human rights council resolution in March.

The US is the biggest supplier of fuel and weapons to Israel. Its policy was unchanged by the ICJ ruling, according to the White House.

“The case for the US’s complicity in genocide is very strong,” aid Dr Shahd Hammouri, lecturer in international law at the University of Kent and the author of Shipments of Death. “It’s providing material support, without which the genocide and other illegalities are not possible. The question of complicity for the other countries will rely on assessment of how substantial their material support has been.”

Brazil, where President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva has been one of the sharpest critics of Israel, accounts for 9% of the total crude oil supplied to Israel in the past nine months. One of the crude shipments departed in February after the interim ICJ ruling. An additional tanker of fuel oil, used mostly for heating and powering generators, set sail in April.

Lula withdrew Brazil’s ambassador to Israel, but has not issued a ban on oil exports.

“The clock started after the ICJ ruling, but there was already a general obligation for states under the Geneva convention to respect, enforce and ensure enforcement of international humanitarian law, which is clearly not happening,” added Albanese.

A spokesperson for the Brazilian president’s office said oil and fuel trades were carried out directly by the private sector according to market rules: “Although the government’s stance on Israel’s current military action in Gaza is well known, Brazil’s traditional position on sanctions is to not apply or support them unilaterally.”

Azerbaijan, the largest supplier of crude to Israel since October, will host the 29th UN climate summit in November, followed by Brazil in 2025.

“The inconsistency of the states is worrisome, as the future Cop hosts send oil to an unlawful occupation and alleged genocide. It shows how far we are from compliance with climate commitments and international law, and the urgent need to change course,” said Astrid Puentes Riaño, UN special rapporteur on the human right to a healthy environment.

A spokesperson for the Israeli ministry of foreign affairs said the charges of genocide brought by South Africa are “false, outrageous and morally repugnant … [Hamas] sought to perpetrate genocide on October 7 in the worst massacre of Jews since the Holocaust, [and] is directly responsible for the suffering of Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.

“Israel remains steadfast in its commitment to international law, targeting its military actions solely against Hamas and its allied terrorist groups. The Israeli military makes every effort to minimize civilian casualties and ensure that humanitarian aid reaches those in need in the Gaza Strip.”

The Biden administration did not respond to requests for comment, nor did Vice-President Kamala Harris’s presidential election campaign team.

---

Israel is a small country with a relatively large army and air force. It has no operational cross-border fossil fuel pipelines, and relies heavily on maritime imports.

The new research by Data Desk, a UK-based tech consultancy firm investigating the fossil fuel industry, draws on ship positions, commodity trade flows, information from port authorities, shipbrokers and satellite imagery, as well as financial and media reports to track the fuel supply chain between 21 October and 12 July.

Israel has two refineries to convert crude oil into fuels for domestic, military and industrial use. According to the EIA, each barrel of crude is converted into gasoline, diesel and jet fuel, as well refined products such as asphalt and petrochemicals – depending on the grade of the oil, the refinery and demand.

The new data suggests:

• Half the crude oil in this period came from Azerbaijan (28%) and Kazakhstan (22%). Azeri crude is delivered via the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline, majority-owned and operated by BP. The crude oil is loaded on to tankers at the Turkish port of Ceyhan for delivery to Israel. Turkey recently submitted a formal bid to join South Africa’s genocide case against Israel at the ICJ.

• African countries supplied 37% of the total crude, with 22% coming from Gabon, 9% from Nigeria and 6% from the Republic of the Congo.

• In Europe, companies in Italy, Greece and Albania appear to have supplied refined petroleum products to Israel since the ICJ ruling. Last month, Israel also received crude from Italy – a major oil importer. A spokesperson said the Italian government had “no information” about the recent shipments.

• Cyprus provided transshipment services to tankers supplying crude oil from Gabon, Nigeria, and Kazakhstan.

Some fuel from refineries goes directly to the armed forces, while much of the rest appears to go to ordinary gas stations where military personnel can refuel their vehicles under a government contract. It is not possible to link specific crude shipments to specific military use from the available data.

Israeli tanks have diesel engines, as do commercial bulldozers. Israel has received diesel shipments from Greece and the US since 26 January. It also converts crude into diesel fuel at its refineries, suggesting that oil imports are probably contributing to land military operations in the Gaza Strip, where 2 million Palestinians are trapped, as well as the expansion of settlements that even its allies accept are unlawful.

The existing obligation for states not to assist or collaborate with illegal occupations was confirmed by the ICJ in a separate landmark advisory opinion in July, that found Israel’s annexation, settlements, racial segregation and apartheid system in the occupied Gaza Strip and West Bank to be unlawful.

The court said that states must cooperate to ensure an end to Israel’s illegal presence in the occupied Palestinian territory and must not render aid or assistance in maintaining the unlawful situation created by Israel. The Israeli foreign ministry rejected the ruling as “fundamentally wrong” and one-sided.

“Palestinians appreciate the diplomatic and rhetorical support of states such as Brazil, Russia, Nigeria, Kazakhstan, among others. However, this cannot exonerate their direct complicity in literally fueling Israel’s genocide and underlying system of settler-colonial apartheid,” said Omar Barghouti, co-founder of the boycott, divestment, sanctions (BDS) movement, which is calling for an energy embargo on Israel.

The governments of Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Nigeria, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo did not respond to requests for comment, and neither did Greece or Albania.

---

Corporate interests

Corporations can and have been held liable for providing material support in war crimes during previous conflicts. In the Nuremberg trials, corporate officials were held directly responsible for their material assistance to crimes committed by the Nazi regime. In a recent landmark civil ruling, Chiquita was ordered to pay $38m to the families of Colombian men murdered by a paramilitary group financed by the US fruit company between 1997 and 2004.

The UN has guiding principles for businesses and other non-state actors on their obligations to respect human rights and abide by international humanitarian law and international criminal law, over and above compliance with national laws.

“Corporations supplying jet fuel and oil to Israel may be providing material support to the military, aware of its foreseeable harmful effects, and therefore risk complicity in war crimes, genocide and other crimes under international law,” said Dr Irene Pietropaoli, senior fellow in business and human rights at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law.

Just six major international fossil-fuel companies – BP, Chevron, Eni, ExxonMobil, Shell and TotalEnergies – could be linked to 35% of the crude oil supplied to Israel since October, the OCI analysis suggests. This is based on direct stakes in oilfields supplying Israeli and/or the companies’ shares in production nationally.

“Given the well-documented ongoing war crimes and warnings of a genocide, these oil corporations have the responsibility to identify and prevent any contribution to violations by the Israeli army,” said Lydia de Leeuw, researcher and co-author of Fuelling the Flames in Gaza at the Dutch non-profit Somo.

Shell and Total declined to comment. BP and Exxon did not respond.

A spokesperson for Chevron, which owns stakes in oil production in Kazakhstan, Nigeria and the Congo, said the company was focused on reliably providing energy the world needs: “Chevron operates in compliance with all applicable laws.”

Eni, which owns a 61% stake in the Italian oilfield which supplied a 30KT shipment delivered to Israel last month, said: “Regardless of the accuracy of the data reported, which we do not intend to comment on, Eni firmly rejects the very serious accusations … [associating] Eni’s activities with the ongoing war events in Gaza, especially through predominantly indirect connections such as participation in upstream or midstream projects.”

Eni added: “In general, oil supplies primarily support the functioning of social, economic, and industrial systems in countries.”

In February, dozens of UN experts called on states to consider “sanctions on trade, finance, travel, technology and cooperation” as part of measures to prevent and stop violations of international humanitarian law by Israel, after it failed to comply with the ICJ ruling.

Last week, Colombia suspended coal exports to Israel “to prevent and stop acts of genocide against the Palestinian people”, according to the decree signed by President Gustavo Petro. Petro wrote on X: “With Colombian coal they make bombs to kill the children of Palestine.”

Historically, energy embargoes have been used as collective counter-measures to pressure states committing grave violations of international law, including against the apartheid regime in South Africa.

David Tong, industry campaign manager at Oil Change International, said: “Every day that oil companies provide fuel to Israel these companies expose themselves to potential legal action for their complicity in genocidal acts against civilians in Gaza.”

Albanese said: “I have recommended that weapons and oil to Israel be suspended until the current assault in Gaza stops. Like all sanctions, this may come at a cost, but that is the deterrent function that sanctions should also serve.”

About half a mile east of the Democratic national convention in Chicago, Union Park filled at noon on Monday with demonstrators intent on sending a message to Joe Biden, Kamala Harris, delegates and the world: the war on Gaza should not be an afterthought.

Organizers for the Coalition to March on the DNC drew 172 local and national organizations together for the protest rally and march. Thousands of people gathered for one of the main anti-war demonstrations this week.

“This is not about some Machiavellian politics,” said social critic and independent presidential candidate Cornel West at the onset. “This is about morality. This is about spirituality.”

Mo Hussief, a Chicago accountant, joined the rally.

“My family is in Gaza,” Hussief said. “I’ve had over 100 family members murdered over the last 10 months by the genocide. So, I’m here to protest as an American, to say I don’t want my tax dollars to be used to murder my own family.”

Hussief is a Democratic voter. Or, he had been, he said. He supports labor rights and wants public healthcare support, key Democratic policy goals. But none of that brings back dead cousins in Jabalia, he said. The death toll in Gaza hit at least 40,000 last week.

Hussief said it is impossible for him to cast a ballot for the vice-president as long as she supports arming Israel.

“I want the Democrats to basically do a weapons embargo for Israel,” he said. “If there is a weapons embargo on Israel, I will 100% vote for Harris. I love Tim Walz. The Democratic party does align on domestic issues. But for me, they have to end the genocide.”

Another rally-goer, Jonah Karsh, arrived as part of the IfNotNow movement of American Jews from the Chicago area, who are opposed to the war.

“It’s obviously a really painful issue for the Jewish community. It tears at the fabric of us. It is painful to feel like a community that I care so much about is divided by an issue like this,” he said. “At the same time when I see children being killed supposedly in the name of Jewish safety, it doesn’t make me feel like I’m being kept safe. It just feels wrong. And I wouldn’t be anywhere else”.

Some protesters waving Palestinian flags and carrying signs equating Harris with Donald Trump seemed to have long abandoned either major party and were voting for Green party candidate Jill Stein, a socialist candidate, or abstaining entirely.

Matt Stevens, an undergraduate student in Nebraska studying medicine, said this was his first presidential election. He’s voting for Stein, even with the ascension of Harris as the Democratic candidate.

“She was still the vice-president. She still had a voice in what Biden was doing,” Stevens said. “She still has an ability to make some decisions and voice her opinion. She can say all these things and talk a big talk, but until she shows actual action, I’m not going to vote for it. She has to earn my vote.”

Protesters marched from Union Park about a mile, intent on being within “sight and sound” of the convention.

Rhetoric by speakers was strident, but there were no calls for violence. Police ringed Union Park in the hours before the march, and streets have been blocked off across the city to control for traffic and crowds.

Disruption, however, was on the mind of some demonstrators.

One protester, a former marine who deployed in Iraq in the mid-2000s, wore a pink N95 mask and a black-and-gold keffiyeh. He said his name was Andrew, but asked not to be identified by last name to discuss what he called the need for more “direct action”.

“My opinion, I think more is required than just protesting,” he said. “I think that people need to get a little more hands-on. I think politicians need to be scared. I don’t think that we need to hurt them. But I think that politicians sit in their ivory tower … and they are comfortable. People don’t press them. This is the most pressing they get.

“Even if it’s as much as throwing rotting fish into their air conditioning systems. But I really think that we should press our politicians more directly to their face. The whole ‘give them no peace adage’. I really agree with that. And this today is not enough.”

That said, other demonstrators were concerned about the effect violence or property damage might have on their political message.

“When I thought about it, I knew that that was not the point,” said Teri Watkins, a demonstrator from Chicago supporting the Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression. “It messes up their messaging. We’re asking for peace, so it wouldn’t make sense to be violent.”

If such things were to happen, it would be the work of outside provocateurs, Watkins said. “That would come in the evening. But I’m going to be home by then.”

Later in the day, a part of the protest evolved into a minor standoff as police and protesters reached a fenced off area near the Democratic convention. Police arrested a handful of people as they attempted to breach the fence.

Specialist divers have launched a fresh search for six people missing after a superyacht capsized off the coast of Sicily, including the British tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch and his teenage daughter.

The British-flagged Bayesian, a 56-metre sailboat, was carrying 22 people and anchored just offshore near the port of Porticello when it was hit by a waterspout at about 5am local time (4am BST) on Monday, the Italian coastguard said in a statement.

One man, Ricardo Thomas, understood to be the vessel’s chef and an Antiguan citizen, was confirmed dead. Six others, including Lynch, 59, and his 18-year-old daughter, Hannah, remained unaccounted for on Tuesday morning.

Jonathan Bloomer, the chair of Morgan Stanley International, and Chris Morvillo, a lawyer at the legal firm Clifford Chance, and both their wives are also among the missing.

The coastguard previously said those unaccounted for had British, American and Canadian nationalities.

Diving teams from the Italian firefighting service, who arrived from Rome, Sassari and Cagliari on Monday, completed another dive on Tuesday morning. Marco Tilotta, who is in charge of the firefighter divers from Palermo, said there were numerous challenges in recovering bodies.

“We have just completed the latest dive to inspect the boat,” Tilotta said. “The greatest challenge is the depth, which does not allow for immediate interventions. You have to consider that when we go underwater, we have three minutes to descend and eight minutes to work on the wreck. Then we have to begin the ascent phase.

“There is also the problem of accessing the vessel with all the belongings inside and the fact that the boat is positioned at 90 degrees. We have not yet entered the boat. We plan to do so soon and inspect every inch of the vessel.”

Tilotta said that apart from the body found on Monday, no others had been located.

Fifteen people were rescued, including Lynch’s wife, Angela Bacares, who owned the boat, and a one-year-old girl who was saved by her mother.

Lynch co-founded Autonomy, a software business that became one of the shining lights of the UK tech scene, in the mid-90s.

Once described as Britain’s Bill Gates, Lynch spent much of the past decade in court defending his name against allegations of fraud related to the sale of Autonomy to the US tech company Hewlett-Packard for $11bn.

The 59-year-old was acquitted by a jury in San Francisco in June, after he had spent more than a year living in effect under house arrest.

Upon his acquittal, Lynch told reporters: “I am looking forward to returning to the UK and getting back to what I love most: my family and innovating in my field.”

Morvillo represented Lynch at the trial, while Bloomer, who is also non-executive chair of the insurer Hiscox, appeared at the trial as a defence witness for Lynch.

Aki Hussain, the group chief executive of Hiscox, said: “We are deeply shocked and saddened by this tragic event.

“Our thoughts are with all those affected, in particular our chair, Jonathan Bloomer, and his wife, Judy, who are among the missing, and with their family as they await further news from this terrible situation.”

A spokesperson for the British Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office said on Monday: “We are in contact with the local authorities following an incident in Sicily, and stand ready to provide consular support to British nationals affected.”

The UK’s Marine Accident Investigation Branch said four of its inspectors were being deployed to Palermo in Sicily.

Karsten Borner, 69, the captain of a sailboat that was alongside the Bayesian, said the vessel carrying Lynch and 21 other passengers sank within minutes.

“We were also awakened by the storm,” Karsten said. “The first thing I did was to start the engines of my sailboat to give more stability to the vessel. I don’t know if the Bayesian did the same. It seems like they were also suddenly caught by the storm.

“After securing our boat, we immediately approached the Bayesian. But it had already sunk. I have never seen a vessel of this size go down so quickly. Within a few minutes, there was nothing left. Then we saw the raft with the 15 passengers. It was a tragedy.”

Fabio Cefalù, 36, a fisher from Porticello, was one of the first to attempt to help the Bayesian.

“I arrived at the port at 3.30 for a fishing trip,” he said. “But when we saw the first flashes of lightning, we decided to stop. At 3.55, a mini tornado arrived. The docks of the port diverted it and it hit the sailboat head-on. They were in the wrong place at the wrong time.”

Cefalù said the whirlwind lasted about “10 minutes with strong winds and rain”.

He added: “We saw a flare 500 metres from the dock. We went to see what had happened. We only saw the floating debris of the boat. We immediately called the coastguard. The sea was terrible. The wind very strong. The storm destroyed my solar panels. The vessel was hit head-on. I thought I would find someone in the sea, but nothing. The boat had disappeared from the radar. In my opinion, the missing passengers are still onboard. They were caught in their sleep by the storm and didn’t have time to get out.”

Bayesian had completed a number of sailings in recent days, calling at various ports in Sicily, according to the ship-tracking website VesselFinder. The superyacht can accommodate up to 12 guests in six suites and was listed for rent for up to €195,000 (£166,000) a week. It was built in 2008 by the Italian company Perini Navi.

In a separate development on Monday, Lynch’s co-defendant at the US trial, Stephen Chamberlain, died after being hit by a car while out running in Cambridgeshire.

Chamberlain, the former vice-president of finance at Autonomy, was hit on Saturday morning and had been placed on life support.

In a statement Chamberlain’s lawyer, Gary Lincenberg, said he had died after being “fatally struck” by a car while out running.

Lincenberg added: “He was a courageous man with unparalleled integrity, and we deeply miss him. He fought successfully to clear his good name, which lives on through his wonderful family.”

Chamberlain’s family described the 52-year-old in a statement as a “much-loved husband, father, son, brother and friend”.

Lynch was awarded an OBE for services to enterprise in 2006, and appointed in 2011 to the science and technology council of the then prime minister, David Cameron. He was elected as a fellow to the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2008 and the Royal Society in 2014.

Morgan Stanley International chairman Jonathan Bloomer is among those missing after a yacht carrying UK tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch sank off the coast of Sicily during a violent storm, an Italian official has said.

Salvatore Cocina, head of the civil protection agency in Sicily, said Bloomer and Chris Morvillo, a lawyer at Clifford Chance, were among the six people missing. Lynch and his 18-year-old daughter, Hannah, were also unaccounted for as of late Monday.

The update came as it was reported that Lynch’s co-defendant in a US trial related to the sale of his software company to Hewlett-Packard had died after being hit by a car in England.

The British-flagged Bayesian, a 56-metre sailboat, was carrying 22 people and anchored just off shore near the port of Porticello when it was hit by a tornado in the early hours of Monday morning, the Italian coastguard said in an earlier statement.

One man, understood to be the vessel’s chef, was confirmed dead. The coastguard said the missing had British, American and Canadian nationalities.

Fifteen people were rescued, including Lynch’s wife, Angela Bacares, who owned the boat, and a one-year-old girl who was saved by her mother.

A spokesperson for Lynch, the co-founder of Autonomy, a software firm that became one of the shining lights of the UK tech scene, declined to comment. Survivors said the trip had been organised by Lynch for his work colleagues.

Once described as Britain’s Bill Gates, Lynch spent much of the last decade in court defending his name against allegations of fraud related to the sale of his software firm, Autonomy, to the US tech company Hewlett-Packard for $11bn.

The 59-year-old was acquitted by a jury in San Francisco in June, after he had spent more than a year living in effect under house arrest.

Hours after news of the sinking broke it emerged that his co-defendant at that trial, Stephen Chamberlain, had died after being hit by a car while out running in Cambridgeshire.

Chamberlain, the former vice-president of finance at Autonomy, was hit on Saturday morning and had been placed on life support, Reuters reported. In a statement Chamberlain’s lawyer, Gary Lincenberg, said he had died after being “fatally struck” by a car while out running.

On Monday, rescue divers were trying to reach the hull of Bayesian, which was carrying a crew of 10 people and 12 passengers, according to the Italian coast guard.

The boat had sunk to approximately 49 metres and the public prosecutor’s office in Termini Imerese was investigating the incident.

“The wind was very strong. Bad weather was expected, but not of this magnitude,” a coast guard official in the Sicilian capital Palermo told Reuters.

The captain of a nearby boat told Reuters that when the winds surged, he had turned on the engine to keep control of his vessel and avoid a collision with the Bayesian, which had been anchored alongside him.

“We managed to keep the ship in position and after the storm was over, we noticed that the ship behind us was gone,” Karsten Borner told journalists. The other boat “went flat on the water, and then down,” he added.

He said his crew then found some of the survivors on a life raft – including a baby girl and her mother – and took them on board before the coast guard picked them up.

Eight of those rescued, including the one-year-old, were transferred to hospitals and were all in a stable condition.

Domenico Cipolla, a chief physician at the Di Cristina hospital in Palermo where the one-year-old girl and her mother were admitted, said: “The baby is doing well. The mother is also in good condition, albeit with some minor abrasions. The father will also be discharged from the hospital soon.

“They have said that most of them were colleagues who worked for Lynch. They are deeply traumatised. As time passes, they realise more and more that this morning they lost many friends.”

New Zealand’s ministry of foreign affairs confirmed two New Zealanders were on board the yacht.

New Zealand lawyer Ayla Ronald was named as one of the survivors. Her father, Lin Ronald, confirmed to the Guardian his daughter was safe but shaken after the event.

Ronald is employed at international law firm Clifford Chance, and had been working in London on Lynch’s long-running fraud case, her father said.

Storms and heavy rainfall have swept down Italy in recent days after weeks of scorching heat, which had lifted the temperature of the Mediterranean sea to record levels, raising the risk of extreme weather conditions, experts said.

“The sea surface temperature around Sicily was around 30C (86F), which is almost 3 degrees more than normal. This creates an enormous source of energy that contributes to these storms,” said meteorologist Luca Mercalli.

“We can’t say that this is all due to global warming but we can say that it has an amplifying effect,” he told Reuters.

The father of the trainee doctor murdered during a rest break at a Kolkata hospital has spoken of his daughter’s love of medicine and the way her family had worked to support her vocation.

“We are a poor family and we raised her with a lot of hardship. She worked extremely hard to become a doctor. All she did was study, study, study,” he told the Guardian by telephone.

“All our dreams have been shattered in one night. We sent her to work and the hospital gave us her body. It’s all finished for us.

“My daughter isn’t coming back. I’m never going to hear her voice or laugh. All I can do now is concentrate on getting her justice,” he said.

The rape and murder of the doctor at RG Kar hospital in Kolkata on 9 August, and subsequent handling of the case by the authorities, has led to protests and strikes by doctors across India.

Her father, who cannot be named under an Indian law that protects the identity of the dead woman, said a career in medicine was all his only child had ever wanted. The 31-year-old had beaten the odds to qualify for one of approximately 107,000 places in India’s medical colleges, which more than a million aspiring doctors compete for every year.

She won a place at College of Medicine & JNM hospital in Kalyani in her home state of West Bengal. Her parents financed her dream with the precarious income her father earned as a tailor.

Remembering the day she confided in him she wanted to become a doctor, his voice broke. “She said: ‘Papa, it’s a good thing to become a doctor and help others. What do you think?’ I said: ‘OK, do it. We’ll help you.’ And look what happened,” he said.

Her ambition drove him to expand his tailoring business and the family’s finances improved to the point where, when his daughter fretted about safety on the hour-long bus ride between the hospital and their home in a crowded Kolkata suburb, he was able to borrow the money to buy her a car.

“At first, she told me to wait, she said we couldn’t manage the EMIs [monthly instalments] and she didn’t want to overburden us. But then she found the bus ride so tiring after a long shift that she agreed to the car,” said the father.

Although they remained in the same lower middle-class suburb where she grew up, and where everyone respected her as a local girl made good, her parents had recently renovated the house. The brass nameplate bore her name, not theirs, proudly prefixed by “Dr”.

The sense of disbelief in the neighbourhood has not faded since the news spread from house to house that “their” doctor’s bright day was done.

: – in the hospital where she worked, which she and her family assumed was safe – and her public service as a doctor working a 36-hour shift have added to the public outrage over the crime.

The father said: “Like all parents, we worried about her safety but only while she was travelling. The moment she reached the hospital, we relaxed. She was safe. It’s like when we used to drop her off at school – once she was inside the gate, you feel she is safe,” he said.

In a post on X, the head of the Indian Medical Association, Dr RV Asokan, expressed anguish at the murder, saying “we failed her in life but did not fail her in death” – a reference to the protests, outcry and doctors’ strikes that have rocked the country since her body was discovered.

Her colleagues and neighbours describe a dedicated young doctor who wanted to pay off her parents’ debts and give them a comfortable life after their sacrifices to help her become a doctor.

One of her former teachers, Arnab Biswas, said that unlike many young people who chose medicine for its earning potential, she was “old school”, treating it as a vocation.

Having witnessed Covid-19 patients gasping for breath, she selected respiratory medicine when it came to choosing a medical specialism.

Her parents are broken. “She was my only child. We worked hard to make her a doctor … I will never be happy again,” a neighbour said the mother told her.

Neighbours, who consulted her over every ailment and were proud of her achievements, recall her feeding stray animals and gardening when she had the time. They are yearning to help the family in some way.

“The girl has gone now,” said one neighbour. “But we’ll stand by her parents so they don’t feel alone.”

The five-time Olympian Daniela Larreal Chirinos was found dead inside her Las Vegas apartment after the retired cyclist choked to death on her food, police have said.

The 50-year-old’s body was found after she failed to show up at the hotel in Las Vegas where she worked and was checked on, Fox Sports reported.

Larreal was one of Venezuela’s best-known athletes, having competed in speed cycling in the summer games of Barcelona in 1992, Atlanta in 1996, Sydney in 2000, Athens in 2004 and London in 2012.

Though she never medalled at the Olympics, she did win a pair of golds at the Central American and Caribbean Games in San Salvador in 2002. And, a year later, she won two silver medals at the Pan American Games in Santo Domingo.

Larreal was active in Venezuelan politics. She was a tough critic of strongman ruler Hugo Chávez, accusing the late president – along with his sports minister Hector Rodriguez – of funneling money out of Venezuela through the sponsorship of a non-existent racing driver.

When Nicolás Maduro came to power in 2013, she called the presidency a dictatorship and was subsequently forced into exile and banned from entering Venezuela. Larreal in later years lived in Miami, where she worked as an Uber driver, before moving to Las Vegas to work as a food server.

But Larreal was declared missing on 12 August after failing to turn up for work. She was found dead at her apartment four days later.

The local medical examiner was still examining the “cause and method” of her death as of Tuesday. But police reportedly spotted solid food remains in her windpipe, leading them to suspect she had died from asphyxiation.

The five-time Olympian Daniela Larreal Chirinos was found dead inside her Las Vegas apartment after the retired cyclist choked to death on her food, police have said.

The 50-year-old’s body was found after she failed to show up at the hotel in Las Vegas where she worked and was checked on, Fox Sports reported.

Larreal was one of Venezuela’s best-known athletes, having competed in speed cycling in the summer games of Barcelona in 1992, Atlanta in 1996, Sydney in 2000, Athens in 2004 and London in 2012.

Though she never medalled at the Olympics, she did win a pair of golds at the Central American and Caribbean Games in San Salvador in 2002. And, a year later, she won two silver medals at the Pan American Games in Santo Domingo.

Larreal was active in Venezuelan politics. She was a tough critic of strongman ruler Hugo Chávez, accusing the late president – along with his sports minister Hector Rodriguez – of funneling money out of Venezuela through the sponsorship of a non-existent racing driver.

When Nicolás Maduro came to power in 2013, she called the presidency a dictatorship and was subsequently forced into exile and banned from entering Venezuela. Larreal in later years lived in Miami, where she worked as an Uber driver, before moving to Las Vegas to work as a food server.

But Larreal was declared missing on 12 August after failing to turn up for work. She was found dead at her apartment four days later.

The local medical examiner was still examining the “cause and method” of her death as of Tuesday. But police reportedly spotted solid food remains in her windpipe, leading them to suspect she had died from asphyxiation.

The late French actor Alain Delon’s wish that his pet dog be put down and buried with him has been rejected by his children after an outcry from animal rights campaigners.

The actor, who died at 88 on Sunday, had said he wished the animal, a 10-year-old Belgian malinois called Loubo, to be humanely destroyed in his arms and laid in his grave in the cemetery of his home in the village of Douchy in the Loiret.

On Tuesday, after activists expressed dismay at the prospect of a healthy animal being put down and offered to find the dog a new home, it was announced Loubo would live.

The Brigitte Bardot Foundation said Delon’s daughter Anouchka had confirmed the family would keep the dog.

“I’ve just had Anouchka Delon on the phone and she has told me that Loubo is part of the family and will be kept. The dog will not be put down,” a foundation spokesperson said.

Earlier in the day, sparking some confusion, the foundation had announced on social media the dog would be spared before deleting the posts.

The SPA, France’s equivalent of the RSPCA, was among a number of animal organisations that had expressed concern at Delon’s declared wish for his companion writing: “The life of an animal should not depend on that of a human. The SPA is happy to take his dog and find it a family.”

There is no law in France preventing owners putting down their animals but it is for individual vets to decide whether to carry out their wishes.

Delon created a chapel in a cemetery containing the remains of at least 35 of his dogs in the wooded grounds of his home, La Brûlerie, 85 miles south-east of Paris, which he bought in the early 1970s.

It was here on Sunday, in a rare show of unity, his three children, Anthony, 59, Anouchka, 33, and Alain-Fabien, 30, announced their father had died peacefully with them at his side. Loubo, adopted from a refuge by Delon in 2014, was included in the children’s announcement of the actor’s death.

“Alain-Fabien, Anouchka, Anthony, as well as Loubo, are deeply saddened to announce the passing of their father,” their joint statement read.

“He’s my end of life dog … I love him like a child,” Delon told Paris Match in 2018. “I’ve had 50 dogs in my life, but I have a special relationship with this one. He misses me when I’m not there.”

He added: “If I die before him, I’ll ask the vet to take us away together. He’ll put him to sleep in my arms. I’d rather do that than know that he’ll let himself die on my grave with so much suffering.”

After that interview, the animal association 30 Million Friends condemned what it called the “convenience” euthanasia of a perfectly healthy dog saying it hoped Loubo would be adopted.

“If he had to go before Loubo, his faithful malinois, and no one – which I doubt – was in a position to take care of him, the 30 Million Friends Foundation would obviously take on the task of finding someone trustworthy to ensure his wellbeing,” Reha Hutin, the foundation’s president said at the time.

Delon’s daughter Anouchka posted a photograph of Loubo on Instagram in July last year with the message: “Wherever there’s an unfortunate person, God sends a dog. Thank you, Loubo, for being there for your master.”

In March this year she posted another picture of Loubo on guard outside Delon’s home with the caption: “Guardian of the temple … With him there’s no betrayal, no calculation, only love.”

In a 1996 television interview, when asked what animal he would choose to be reincarnated as, Delon replied without hesitation: “A malinois.”

Reports suggest Delon will be buried at his Douchy home “in the strictest privacy” this week though no further details have been given by the family. Before his death the actor said he did not want a national ceremony similar to that organised after the deaths of Johnny Hallyday and Charles Aznavour, but wished to be buried “like anyone else”.

The fatal stabbing of an 11-year-old as he played football with friends has put misinformation into the spotlight in Spain after false claims were spread on social media saying the suspect was of north African origin or an unaccompanied minor seeking asylum.

The attack took place on Sunday morning when the child, named by his family as Mateo, was among several children playing football at a sports centre in the small town of Mocéjon in the centre of the country. A man, with a hood pulled over his head and wearing a scarf to conceal his face, ran on to the field wielding a sharp object.

The victim’s family later suggested the attack was random, saying the man first approached another group of young people on the field who managed to slip away. He then caught Mateo, who was with two friends, reportedly stabbing him more than 10 times before fleeing the scene.

After police combed the area using land and air surveillance in an operation that stretched more than 30 hours, a 20-year-old man was arrested at his father’s house in Mocéjon in connection with the crime.

In the dozens of hours between the attack and the arrest, posts swiftly spread on social media making false assertions that the suspect was of north African origin or an unaccompanied minor seeking asylum in Spain, in an echo of the way recent killings in the English town of Southport were used to stoke anti-immigration tensions.

Among those who weighed in was Alvise Pérez, a 34-year-old far-right agitator from Seville who was recently elected to the European parliament. Pérez, whose political success was in part buoyed by his hardline anti-immigrant stance, drew a link on social media between the murder and the arrival of “50 Africans” at a hotel in the area. Pérez has been approached for comment.

As misinformation about the attacker’s identity proliferated online, the family of the victim pleaded with people to let the police do their jobs. “This has nothing to do with race or ideology,” Asell Sánchez, a relative acting as a spokesperson for the family, told reporters. “They’re talking about migrants who have come to the hotel, these are peaceful people who are getting on with their lives, it has nothing to do with this.”

Instead he pointed to evidence suggesting that the assailant had entered the sports centre via a broken back door, suggesting the attack had been carried out by someone who knew their way around the area. Still, misleading posts continued to rack up views even as police sources made it clear in the Spanish media they had ruled out any jihadist connection to the killing.

Sánchez later broke down in tears as he recounted how the misinformation had led to him becoming the target of online attacks. “It’s been horrible,” he told the broadcaster Cope. “I did this out of love for my family and I’m receiving criticism on social media, they’re attacking me. They’re investigating my past – I don’t have any kind of past, I’ve worked in media.”

He added: “They’re pulling things out of context, they’re telling me that my hands are dirty because I have pictures [on social media] from Africa. It’s been really difficult.”

A source with the hate crimes unit of Spain’s public prosecutor said they were looking into several of the messages that had been disseminated and which had sought to criminalise foreigners and “spark feelings of hatred, hostility and discrimination” against certain groups.

On Tuesday, one day after Spanish media broadcast images that appeared to show a young white man being arrested in connection with the crime, the Spanish government’s representative in the region of Castilla-La Mancha highlighted how the misinformation had exploited people’s emotions in a case that had gripped Spain.

Milagros Tolón condemned those who had knowingly spread false claims, describing them as “sowers of hatred who had taken advantage of human suffering, such as the death of an 11-year-old child, to vent all their hatred on social media”.

Speaking to reporters, she characterised social media as a “dumping ground for filth”, as a cadre of mostly anonymous users look to lay blame on people over their skin colour or religion. Others aimed to spread falsehoods simply for personal gain, she added, without going into further detail.

“Can one be more cruel and wretched?” she said. “I’m asking the hatemongers to be human and behave like human beings. Their misinformation causes harm and can provoke anger in innocent people. You cannot take advantage of one tragedy to create another.”

UK citizens travelling to the EU next summer will have to pay a €7 visa-waiver charge after the EU revealed its timeline for the introduction of new border checks and entry requirements for some visitors.

Ylva Johansson, the EU home affairs commissioner, confirmed that the European Travel Information and Authorisation System (Etias), which will require UK citizens (and those from other visa-exempt countries such as the US, Australia and Canada) to apply for a waiver before entering the bloc, was now likely to come into force by May 2025.

The Etias will mirror the US Esta, and require non-EU citizens to apply for the €7 travel authorisation before entering the Schengen area, which includes 27 EU member states, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. It will last for three years or until your passport expires.

The timeline comes as the EU confirmed that its long-delayed entry and exit system (EES) for Schengen countries would be launched on 10 November.

The EES system will require travellers to provide biometric information, such as fingerprints and facial scans, at the border. It is part of an EU drive to make it harder for criminals or terrorists to enter the bloc using fake passports. The introduction will also lead tonew checks in the UK for those travelling to the EU through the Port of Dover, on LeShuttle in Folkestone and on the Eurostar through London’s St Pancras.

The system, which was supposed to be introduced in 2022, has missed several target dates.

The most recent launch date of 6 October was pushed back last month because of concerns about the readiness of the facilities at some airports.

Speaking to staff involved in the rollout of the system this week, Johansson said: “After intense dialogues with member states, with you, with the different stakeholders, I have decided that the EES will enter into operations on ­10 November.”

Johansson’s comments, which were reported in The Times, also confirmed that this would be followed six months later by the introduction of the Etias.

This means adults might have to start applying for their visa-waiver by May next year, which could affect holidaymakers travelling during the May half term.

Travellers under 18 or over 70 will be exempt from the charge, while those travelling to Ireland or Cyprus will not need an Etias as they are outside the Schengen area.

The visa waiver will require UK citizens to apply for an online permit and submit personal information such as address, employment details and any criminal convictions, as well as contact information when in the country of destination. Most applicants will be approved in minutes but some decisions may take between 48 and 72 hours.

The EU has said it will run a six-month “transitional period” after the Etias is introduced, which means those travelling will be expected to apply for the waiver, but will not automatically be refused entry at the border if they do not have it but fulfil other entry conditions.

Kenyan police have arrested eight officers over the escape of 13 people, including an alleged serial killer, from Nairobi police cells, an official said.

The eight, among them the head of the station, were on duty during the escape, the acting inspector general of police, Gilbert Masengeli, said.

“Our preliminary investigation indicates that the escape was facilitated by insiders,” he told journalists at Gigiri police station, where the 13 had been held. “Any person found culpable will face the full force of law.”

The escapers included Collins Khalusha, 33, who was arrested in July after dismembered bodies were found at an abandoned quarry in Embakasi South, Nairobi.

Police in July said he had confessed to killing 42 women over the past two years and throwing their bodies into the quarry, which is used as a dump. At least 10 sacks with body parts were removed from the site, they said.

“We are dealing with a vampire, a psychopath,” Mohamed Amin, the head of the Directorate of Criminal Investigations, said at the time.

But when Khalusha was presented in court last month, his lawyer, John Ndegwa, said his client had been tortured into confessing.

The escape was discovered at about 5am on Tuesday, when the officer in charge and the station’s canteen manager went to serve the prisoners breakfast, a police report said.

Police said Khalusha and the other detainees, Eritreans held for allegedly being in Kenya illegally, escaped by cutting a security wire mesh at a “basking bay” – a place where detainees can get fresh air – and climbing a perimeter wall.

Khalusha last appeared in court on Friday, where the magistrate ordered he be held for 30 more days for police to complete investigations.

The bodies were discovered during anti-government demonstrations that started in June, during which tens of Kenyans have been reported missing.

The findings at the quarry, which is about 100 metres across the street from a police station, renewed attention on Kenyan police, who have long been accused of extrajudicial killings.

Human rights organisations, as well as the Independent Police Oversight Authority, a civilian watchdog for police work, say they are investigating the deaths.

The escapes come six months after Kevin Kangethe, a Kenyan wanted in the US for murder, fled barefoot from another Nairobi police station after officers let him out of his cell to speak to his lawyer. Police rearrested him a few days later.

Masengeli, the acting inspector general of police, said police have launched a manhunt for the 13 missing prisoners.

The world’s oldest known person, Spain’s Maria Branyas Morera, who was born in the US in 1907 and lived through two pandemics and two world wars, has died at the age of 117, her family said.

“Maria Branyas has left us. She died as she wished: in her sleep, peacefully and without pain,” her family wrote on her account on X on Tuesday. “We will always remember her for her advice and her kindness.”

Branyas, who had lived for the past two decades in the Santa Maria del Tura nursing home in the town of Olot in north-eastern Spain, had said in a post that she felt weak. “The time is near. Don’t cry, I don’t like tears. And above all, don’t suffer for me. Wherever I go, I will be happy,” she said in the post on her account, which is run by her family.

Guinness World Records had officially acknowledged Branyas’s status as the world’s oldest person in January 2023 after the death, aged 118, of the French nun Lucile Randon.

The oldest living person now is Japan’s Tomiko Itooka, who was born on 23 May 1908 and is 116, according to the US Gerontology Research Group.

Branyas, who lived through the 1918 flu, the first and second world wars and Spain’s civil war, got Covid-19 in 2020, just weeks after her 113th birthday. She was confined to her room at the home but made a full recovery.

Her youngest daughter, Rosa Moret, once attributed her mother’s longevity to genetics. “She has never gone to the hospital, she has never broken any bones, she is fine, she has no pain,” Moret told regional Catalan television in 2023.

Branyas told the Guinness World Records website she believed her longevity stemmed from “order, tranquility, good connection with family and friends, contact with nature, emotional stability, no worries, no regrets, lots of positivity and staying away from toxic people”.

“I think longevity is also about being lucky,” said Branyas, who used a voice-to-text device to express herself later in life.

She was born in San Francisco on 4 March 1907, shortly after her family moved to the US from Mexico. After also spending time in Texas and New Orleans, the family returned to their native Spain in 1915 as the first world war was under way, which complicated the voyage across the Atlantic.

The crossing was marked by tragedy – her father died from tuberculosis towards the end of the voyage and his coffin was thrown into the sea.

Branyas and her mother settled in Barcelona. In 1931, five years before the start of Spain’s 1936-39 civil war, she married a doctor. The couple lived together for four decades until her husband died at the age of 72. They had three children – one of whom has died – 11 grandchildren and many great-grandchildren.

Manel Esteller, part of a team of researchers from the University of Barcelona who studied Branyas’s DNA to determine the causes of her longevity, told the daily Spanish newspaper ABC in October 2023 he was surprised by her good health.

“Her mind is completely lucid. She remembers with impressive clarity episodes from when she was only four years old, and she has no cardiovascular disease, which is common in the elderly. The only things she has are mobility and hearing problems. It’s incredible,” the genetics professor said.

The oldest verified person to have ever lived was Jeanne Louise Calment, a French woman who died in 1997 at the age of 122 years and 164 days.