On the morning that Hamas raided Israel last year, a top Israeli general called his prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, to tell him that hundreds of militants appeared to be preparing to invade.

Now, aides to the prime minister are under investigation for altering details about that call in the official record of Mr. Netanyahu’s activities that day, according to four officials briefed on the investigation.

The investigation is seen as deeply sensitive in Israel, where the question of what Mr. Netanyahu knew in advance of Hamas’s invasion, and when he was told, could prove crucial to his political future. It is expected to play a key part in a postwar assessment of the role political and military leaders may have played in one of the worst military failures in Israel’s history.

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The Israeli military has bombed a densely populated tent encampment in southern Gaza designated as a humanitarian zone for thousands of displaced Palestinians, saying the airstrike targeted a loaded weapons launcher in the area.

The Palestinian news agency Wafa and a paramedic based at a medical center where the wounded were taken said that at least one person had been killed in the airstrike on the zone, called Al-Mawasi, which took place on Wednesday. Wafa reported that the victim was a child and that more than 20 other people had been injured.

The Israeli military said that it had targeted the launcher because it posed a threat to Israeli civilians but did not give further details or say what type of weapons the launcher was carrying. The military added that it had issued advanced warnings to civilians in the area to evacuate.

The Israeli military has carried out a number of strikes on Al-Mawasi in the past and has accused Hamas, the armed Palestinian group that led the Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel, of systematically using the humanitarian zone and civilian infrastructure to attack Israelis.

Video on social media, verified by The New York Times, captured a projectile and a large explosion. The projectile hits the ground with a deafening boom, and people can be seen running away as a cloud of dust flies into the sky.

Other video from the scene captured the aftermath of the explosion, showing a large crater and damage to a number of tents.

The international aid group Doctors Without Borders said that one of its clinics, which was about 250 yards from where the strike hit, was also damaged and medical equipment destroyed.

Gabriella Bianchi, a spokeswoman for Doctors Without Borders, said that the aid group had not received any direct warning that a blast was imminent. Residents who received alerts on their phones from the Israeli military did inform the staff, Ms. Bianchi said, but that left only a few minutes to evacuate personnel and hundreds of patients.

In a statement on social media, Doctors Without Borders condemned the attack, saying, “The use of heavy weapons in zones declared by Israeli authorities as safe, is further proof of the blatant disregard for Palestinian lives and humanitarian law.”

For more than a century, Norway forcibly suppressed the language and culture of Indigenous people and other minority groups, including removing children from their parents, in a system of “Norwegianization” whose devastation continues to be felt.

This week, the country’s Parliament issued a formal apology to the Sami, Kven and Forest Finn peoples, and outlined 17 resolutions to address the discrimination they still face, including protecting minority languages and ensuring that children are taught those languages.

The move, which Parliament approved on Tuesday, was welcomed by Silje Karine Muotka, a Sami leader, who described the moment as “a day with many emotions.” But she also said it needed to be followed up with concrete and significant action.

“Going forward, we expect an active policy of reconciliation,” she said in a written statement. “The decision from today ensures long-term follow-up, and it has both financial and legal repercussions. But unfortunately, no settlement is made with ongoing injustice and conflicts over land and water.”

Norway has some legislation on the Samis’ right to grazing land, but the Sami have long been at odds with the government over land use in relation to their culture and way of life.

The apology and resolutions stem from a report by a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, published last year, that outlines how Norway could begin to reckon with its oppressive past. King Harald V has previously apologized to the Sami people, but this is the first time that the Kvens and Forest Finns have received such a public acknowledgment of the harm they endured.

“The assimilation policy that was historically pursued continues to be both the root of personal hardship for the individuals and groups that were subject to this policy, and a source of conflict today,” Svein Harberg, a Conservative Party lawmaker, said in a written response to a reporter’s questions after the apology was read out in Parliament.

Only one group of lawmakers, from the right-wing Progress Party, voted against the resolutions, saying that they would lead to conflict among communities. The party’s leader, Bard Hoksrud, said during a debate in May, “It is fundamentally wrong to give special privileges to some groups at the expense of others.” He added, “We believe history should remain history.”

The Sami are an Indigenous group, now numbering roughly 100,000, who have for hundreds of years inhabited Europe’s northernmost regions, across Finland, Russia, Sweden and Norway, which is home to the largest Sami population. The Kvens and Forest Finns are much smaller groups who migrated to modern-day Norway about 500 years ago.

All three have faced centuries of discrimination that became the foundation of laws in the second half of the 19th century.

The Norwegianization assimilation policies used education and religion to erase the groups’ language and culture, and controlled where they lived.

They lost access to grazing land and fishing, and were not allowed to settle in regions that the government set aside for “suitable populations.” The practices also removed Sami children from their families and placed them into Norwegian foster homes and state-run boarding schools.

Christian mission churches were used to smother cultural beliefs, and scientists submitted Sami, Kvens and Forest Finns to humiliating anthropological tests and exhumed their burial sites to study the remains’ ethnic characteristics.

Although Norway formally ended the legislated prejudice in the 1960s, its consequences have endured. Today, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission found, members of these groups have less access to health care, despite Norway’s generous social benefits. Their languages are critically endangered, and bullying, hate speech and harassment of them by other members of Norwegian society persist.

In a 2021 survey conducted as part of an Arctic University of Norway project that studied the efficacy of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 60 percent of Norway residents said they thought most people knew little to nothing about how the assimilation policies affected the Sami. That figure rose to 88 percent when it came to how the practices affected Forest Finns and Kvens.

It also found that, even among respondents who said they knew about the injustices endured by the affected peoples, negative stereotypes of those peoples endured.

Eva Josefsen, a political scientist at the Arctic University, who led the project and is Sami, described the parliamentary apology and resolutions as a powerful statement, but said in an interview that its lack of clarity on land rights was a notable weak point.

“There’s a general implementation gap between legal rights and what is actually delivered,” she said.

Norway’s Parliament already has a working relationship with the Sami Parliament, an independent elected assembly established in 1989, and Mr. Harberg, the Conservative lawmaker, said the formal apology could bring greater focus to the Kvens and Forest Finns.

Smaller minorities feel “invisible” in Norway, said Varhild Bakke Berntzen, a board member of Young Forest Finns, an organization that works to revive the group’s culture and language, including through the building of a museum.

“A lot of damage has happened, and our generation today suffers the consequences of this,” she said. “It is a wound that can never heal properly, but we expect to see the government do their utmost to make up for this. The real work is yet to be done.”

Henrik Pryser Libell contributed reporting.

Israeli jets on Thursday struck sites across the Dahiya, a densely populated area outside Beirut, a day after the military said six Israeli soldiers had been killed in combat in southern Lebanon.

The strikes were the latest in a days-long barrage that has pounded the area south of the Lebanese capital. In that time, Israel’s military says it has hit more than two dozen targets linked to Hezbollah, the Iran-backed militia that holds sway in the Dahiya. The extent of any casualties was not immediately clear.

Lebanon’s state news media said the strikes were concentrated in two neighborhoods of the Dahiya, which has been a frequent target of the Israeli military since it stepped up its air war in Lebanon at the end of September.

Earlier on Thursday, Avichai Adraee, an Israeli military spokesman, issued evacuation warnings for residents of four neighborhoods in the area. In a social media post in Arabic, he advised them to stay 500 meters away from specific buildings against which he said the military “will operate in the near future.”

The Israeli military gave no details of how the six soldiers were killed on Wednesday, one of the deadliest days for Israeli forces since they invaded southern Lebanon last month to battle Hezbollah fighters. The killings showed that Hezbollah remained a deadly adversary despite Israel inflicting severe blows. Since the invasion began, Israel has assassinated most of the group’s leaders and killed and maimed thousands of rank-and-file members, while launching airstrikes that have displaced almost a quarter of Lebanon’s population.

The offensive began after almost a year of near-daily cross-border rocket attacks by Hezbollah and Israel that also forced tens of thousands of people to evacuate their homes in northern Israel. Hezbollah began firing on Israel the day after the Hamas-led terror attack last October, and said its bombardment was a sign of solidarity with its Gaza-based ally.

On Thursday, Israel’s military said it had killed a large number of Hezbollah fighters over the past week and had “struck and dismantled” more than 140 Hezbollah rocket launchers in southern Lebanon.

It also said it had intercepted several drones launched at Israel, some toward the country’s north and at least one other toward the southern city of Eilat. The Islamic Resistance in Iraq, which like Hezbollah and Hamas is backed by Iran, claimed responsibility for four drones that had been aimed at northern Israel. There were no reports of damage from the attempted drone attacks.

In Gaza, Israel continued to press ahead with a weekslong offensive in the northern part of the territory, which it says has become the locus of a Hamas resurgence. The military said on Thursday that it had launched airstrikes and ground raids over the past day that had killed Hamas fighters there.

Israel’s offensive in northern Gaza has drawn international criticism for its heavy toll on civilians, several hundred thousand of whom became trapped there when the operation began last month, according to United Nations agencies. Tens of thousands have since fled their homes.

On Thursday, Human Rights Watch released a report that accused Israel of war crimes and crimes against humanity for forcing nearly all of Gaza’s 2.2 million Palestinians to flee their homes, and often advising them later to move from the places where they had sought shelter. Israel has said it warns residents to evacuate for their own safety.

“There is no plausible imperative military reason to justify Israel’s mass displacement of nearly all of Gaza’s population, often multiple times,” the report said. “Rather than ensuring civilians’ security, military ‘evacuation orders’ have caused grave harm.”

Typhoon Usagi made landfall in the Philippines on Thursday, as the authorities warned that the storm could cause widespread flooding and landslides in the north of the country.

Usagi, called Ofel in the Philippines, is the fifth major storm to hit the country in the past three weeks. The other four — Toraji, Trami, Yinxing and Kong-rey — killed more than 100 people and caused destruction. This week, four tropical storms churned at once in and around the South China Sea and the North Pacific, the first time that had happened in the region in November since records began.

The government said Usagi hit Luzon, the most populous island in the Philippines, around 1:30 p.m. More than 24,000 people in the province of Cagayan have been evacuated, including people who fled from earlier storms, Reuters reported.

Earlier on Thursday, the storm had maximum sustained winds of 150 miles per hour, according to the U.S. Navy’s Joint Typhoon Warning Center. A Category 4 hurricane in the Atlantic packs the same force.

The national weather agency of the Philippines, PAGASA, said Usagi weakened as it made landfall. Its maximum sustained winds were around 96 m.p.h., which would be a Category 2 hurricane in the Atlantic. Forecasters said the storm was expected to continue to weaken as it moved north.

More than eight inches of rainfall was expected in the northeastern part of Luzon, PAGASA said. The service warned that Usagi could cause storm surge of up to three meters, or nearly 10 feet, in some areas.

After leaving the Philippines, the storm is forecast to head toward Taiwan, where the Central Weather Administration issued a sea typhoon warning on Thursday morning.

The recent typhoons in the Philippines have stretched its resources for disaster relief. The United Nations said this week that it had approved $3.5 million in humanitarian funds for U.N. agencies working in the country.

“Typhoons are overlapping,” Gustavo Gonzalez, who coordinates U.N. humanitarian efforts in the Philippines, said in a statement. “As soon as communities attempt to recover from the shock, the next tropical storm is already hitting them again.”

Two explosions took place near Brazil’s Supreme Court on Wednesday night, prompting an evacuation of the area and killing one person, who the police said was believed to be the attacker.

The authorities identified the person killed as Francisco Wanderley Luiz, 59. A person with that name ran unsuccessfully for local office in 2020 under the banner of former President Jair Bolsonaro’s conservative Liberal Party.

The blasts in Brasília, the capital, happened 20 seconds apart at about 7:30 p.m., Celina Leão, the vice governor of Brazil’s Federal District, said at a news conference. The first occurred in the trunk of a car in a parking lot near the Supreme Court; the second was in a nearby plaza, which is also close to Brazil’s Congress and to the offices of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who narrowly defeated Mr. Bolsonaro in the 2022 election.

Officials said Mr. Lula was not at his offices when the blasts occurred.

Ms. Leão said the authorities were treating the incident as the work of a lone bomber, though their investigation was still underway. She said the person who was killed had tried and failed to enter the Supreme Court building before the explosions.

Images from the scene in news reports and on social media showed one body in the plaza, which is known as Three Powers Square. The authorities said they had not yet moved the body out of concern that unexploded devices might be attached to it. Military police officers and bomb squads were sweeping the area.

The car that blew up in the first explosion was registered to Mr. Luiz, who was from the southern state of Santa Catarina, according to the police.

A man with the same name ran unsuccessfully for city council in Rio do Sul, a town in Santa Catarina, as a Liberal Party candidate in 2020, receiving less than 1 percent of the vote. Local news reports on Wednesday said a post left on that person’s Facebook account before the explosions had threatened political figures and told police they had 72 hours to defuse a bomb.

“The Federal Police will investigate the explosions in the perimeter of the Three Powers Square with rigor and speed,” Brazil’s solicitor general, Jorge Messias, said in a post on X on Wednesday night. “We need to know the motive for the attacks, as well as restore peace and security as quickly as possible.”

In December 2022, a man tried to detonate a bomb near the airport in Brasília to protest Mr. Lula’s victory in the presidential election. The following month, supporters of Mr. Bolsonaro stormed and vandalized the Congress, the Supreme Court and the presidential offices, in an attack that echoed the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol in Washington.

Many Brazilians on the right see the Supreme Court as a threat to democracy, arguing that it is persecuting conservative voices. The court has carried out a contentious crackdown on online misinformation and threats to Brazilian institutions, ordering social media platforms to block hundreds of accounts. It also jailed Bolsonaro supporters who stormed the capital in 2023.

The explosions on Wednesday occurred just days before another Brazilian city, Rio de Janeiro, is set to host a G20 summit, which President Biden and other world leaders are expected to attend.

Haitian gang leaders took to social media last weekend and promised trouble.

They delivered.

“If you are reckless in the streets, you will pay the consequences, as of tomorrow,” Joseph Wilson, a gang leader known as Lanmou Sanjou, said Sunday in a widely circulated recorded message.

He spoke for Viv Ansanm — a coalition of gangs with the euphemistic moniker “Living Together” — that has sowed terror in Haiti for the past several months, and vowed that they would be “in the streets.”

Within 48 hours, at least three U.S. aircraft had been shot at, forcing the closure of Toussaint Louverture International Airport in Haiti’s capital, Port-au-Prince, and stranding passengers all over the world.

The Federal Aviation Administration suspended all U.S. flights to Haiti for 30 days, and American Airlines said it wouldn’t return to the country until at least February. Even United Nations humanitarian flights were grounded.

The havoc was not limited to the airport: Dr. Deborah Pierre, a urologist, was shot and killed on Tuesday getting into her car in Port-au-Prince, and her father, a dentist, was wounded, her former boss in South Florida, Dr. Angelo Gousse, said.

Doctors Without Borders announced that its employees were pulled over by the police Monday and then tear-gassed by a vigilante mob. Wounded patients they were ferrying in an ambulance — suspected gang members — were killed.

In the middle of all that turmoil, a new prime minister was sworn in Monday afternoon to replace the one who was fired on Sunday after less than six months on the job.

Nearly six months after hundreds of Kenyan police officers arrived in Haiti on a U.S.-sponsored mission to restore order, the crisis has suddenly worsened.

The country’s gangs, in stark fashion, have demonstrated that they are a force to be reckoned with and that the efforts to quash them have largely been futile.

With a new U.S. president who has made disparaging comments about Haiti about to take office, the situation is growing increasingly dire and uncertain.

“It’s not back to where we started — it’s worse,” said Sister Paésie Philippe, a French nun who runs schools for street children in Cité Soleil, a poor neighborhood in the capital. “More areas have been taken by gangs, more people had to leave and flee their homes and are homeless. It’s not any better.”

Nearly 4,500 people have been forced out of their homes over the past two days alone, according to the International Organization for Migration, a U.N. agency.

Sister Paésie was on her way back to Port-au-Prince from a trip to Boise, Idaho, when shots were fired at a Spirit Airlines flight from Fort Lauderdale to Port-au-Prince on Monday, and her connecting flight was canceled. She is now stranded in New York, but determined to make it home for a holy communion ceremony this weekend.

“I have my kids waiting there,” she said.

Haiti has been in a state of chaos for more than three years, since its last president, Jovenel Moïse, was assassinated in his home. Gangs filled the power vacuum, taking over roads and ports, killing and kidnapping at will.

The crisis worsened this year, when rival gangs joined forces and attacked police stations, freed inmates from prisons and took over entire neighborhoods. The United Nations has said that gangs control 85 percent of the capital.

A nine-member transitional presidential council was created to rule the country until elections scheduled for the end of 2025 can be held, but the fragile coalition formed to govern has begun to fray.

The U.S. State Department spokesman, Matthew Miller, released a statement that included a thinly veiled critique of the power plays widely blamed for the political upheaval.

“The acute and immediate needs of the Haitian people mandate that the transitional government prioritize governance over the competing personal interests of political actors,” Mr. Miller said.

Leslie Voltaire, the president of the transitional council, said the gangs had acted out in the wake of the firing of the prime minister, sensing a power vacuum, and an opportunity.

“They thought there was a void, so they tried to fill the void,” Mr. Voltaire said in an interview on Wednesday night. “But once they see that there is a new prime minister, that there is a new sheriff in town, I think they will get less aggressive.”

Mr. Voltaire added that he hopes to work with the F.A.A. to get the airport reopened and that the government plans “massive retaliation” against Haiti’s gangs.

In a statement on Tuesday, the council he leads issued a statement that “The perpetrators of these heinous acts will be hunted down and brought to justice,” referring to the shooting of the planes, the burning of property and recent murders in the capital.

“I think the gangs are flexing their muscles to see how far they can push without the U.S. doing anything about it,” said Wolf Pamphile, the founder of the Haiti Policy House, a research institute in Washington.

Underscoring the power that gangs wield in Haiti, analysts noted that even the U.S. ambassador, Dennis B. Hankins, acknowledged that the U.S. embassy is in communication with them.

“From time to time, there are contacts with the gangs, and for us it is to control the security in the region of the embassy,” Mr. Hankins told Haitian News TV Metropole recently.

In a statement, the U.S. State Department said the ambassador’s comments have been “subject to misinterpretation.”

“We certainly do not negotiate with gangs,” the statement said. “We are focused on combating gangs and promoting security in Haiti through logistical and financial support to the Haitian National Police and the Multinational Security Support mission.” (The mission is the formal name of the Kenyan-led force).

Because of the sharp rise in violence this week, the embassy is currently closed for business. The ambassador was out of the country when the airport closed, and has been unable to return.

The United States remains by far the largest funder of the international force brought in to help restore order. The force, largely made up of Kenyan police officers, has been underfunded and understaffed, leaving the populace underwhelmed by their results.

Experts say the multinational security force’s failure to demonstrate big wins right away, like retaking gang-controlled neighborhoods, gave the gangs the confidence to re-emerge, after a brief retreat.

Monday’s attacks on U.S. aircraft were likely the gang coalition’s effort to demonstrate their potency and to jockey for influence, experts said.

“I think they are essentially trying to get power or at least negotiate to get power,” said Robert Fatton Jr., a professor of government and foreign affairs at the University of Virginia. “Ultimately, if the situation deteriorates further, they’ll be in a position to negotiate, whether you like it or not.”

A spokesman for the policing mission did not respond to requests for comment. The mission’s commander, in a news release on Monday, said his forces were now transitioning out of its “deployment phase.”

The mission, according to its commander, can point to some successes, like taking back roads and disrupting gang activities.

“We are committed to seeing Haiti regain its glory,” Commander Godfrey Otunge wrote.

Another 600 police officers were expected in Haiti soon, but it is unclear whether their travel will be impeded by the closure of the airport.

Louis-Henri Mars, who runs a peace-building organization, Lakou Lapè, in Port-au-Prince, said that the Haitian National Police did not have the capacity to defeat the gangs, and agreed that the Kenyan mission had waited too long to start taking strong action.

“I am very worried,” Mr. Mars said. “We cannot leave the city by land or air. We are in an open-air prison right now.’’

With flights canceled for the foreseeable future, nonprofit organizations that deliver health care and food to millions of Haitians are worried that the security crisis could explode into a food and health emergency.

With 700,000 people forced out of their homes by violence in the last few years, the United Nations has already warned of pockets of “famine-like” conditions.

Following Monday’s attack on its staff and patients, Christophe Garnier, the head of the Doctors Without Borders mission in Haiti, said the organization was seriously evaluating its operations.

“Everyone is scared,” Mr. Garnier said. “If all the foreign countries like mine or yours decided to give the proper support, stability can work. This will depend on international policy.”

David C. Adams and André Paultre contributed reporting.