The British-born wife of deposed Syrian president Bashar al-Assad is not seeking a divorce, a Kremlin spokesman has said.

Reports in Turkish media had suggested Asma al-Assad wanted to end her marriage and leave Russia, where she and her husband were granted asylum after a rebel coalition overthrew the former president’s regime and took control of Damascus.

Asked about the reports in a news conference call, Dmitry Peskov said, “No, they do not correspond to reality.”

He also denied reports that Assad had been confined to Moscow and that his property assets had been frozen.

Russia was a staunch ally of the Assad regime and offered it military support during the civil war.

But reports in Turkish media on Sunday suggested the Assads were living under severe restrictions in the Russian capital, and that the former Syrian first lady had filed for divorce and wanted to return to London.

Mrs Assad is a dual Syrian-British national, but the UK foreign secretary has previously said she would not be allowed to return to Britain.

Speaking in parliament earlier this month, David Lammy said: “I want it confirmed that she’s a sanctioned individual and is not welcome here in the UK.”

He added he would do “everything I can in my power” to ensure no member of the Assad family “finds a place in the UK”.

In a statement attributed to Bashar al-Assad last week, he said he had never intended to flee Syria, but he was airlifted from a Russian military base at Moscow’s request.

Asma al-Assad, 49, was born in the UK to Syrian parents in 1975 and grew up in Acton, west London.

She moved to Syria in 2000 at the age of 25 and married her husband just months after he succeeded his father as president.

Throughout her 24 years as Syria’s first lady, Mrs Assad was a subject of curiosity in western media.

A controversial 2011 Vogue profile called her “a rose in the desert” and described her as “the freshest and most magnetic of first ladies”. The article has since been removed from the Vogue website.

Just one month later, Mrs Assad was criticised for remaining silent while her husband violently repressed pro-democracy campaigners at the start of the Syrian civil war.

The conflict went on to claim the lives of around half a million people, with her husband accused of using chemical weapons against civilians.

In 2016, Mrs Assad told Russian state-backed television she had rejected a deal to offer her safe passage out of the war-torn nation in order to stand by her husband.

She announced she was being treated for breast cancer in 2018 and said she had made a full recovery one year later.

She was diagnosed with leukaemia and began treatment for the disease in May this year, the office of then-President Assad announced.

A statement said she would “temporarily withdraw” from public engagements.

A man has been arrested in New York in connection with the death of a woman who was set on fire on a subway train in Brooklyn.

Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch described Sunday’s incident as “one of the most depraved crimes one person could possibly commit against another human being”.

She said the woman was on a stationary F train when she was approached by a man who used a lighter to ignite her clothing – which became “fully engulfed in a matter of seconds”. Although officers extinguished the flames, the victim died at the scene.

Police are still working to establish a possible motive for the attack. No charges have yet been filed.

Officers said the woman, who they have not named, was in a subway carriage at the Coney Island-Stillwell Avenue station at about 07:30 local time (12:30 GMT) when a man approached her.

The victim was “motionless” when she was set on fire, but detectives were still establishing whether or not she was asleep. “We’re not 100% sure,” said the NYPD’s Joseph Gulotta.

There was “no interaction” between the pair before the attack, Mr Gulotta said, adding that police did not believe the two people knew each other.

Describing how police were alerted to the incident, Ms Tisch said: “Officers were on patrol on an upper level of that station, smelled and saw smoke and went to investigate.”

“What they saw was a person standing inside the train car fully engulfed in flames.”

The man got off the train as police officers on patrol in the station rushed to the fire – although initially, he appears not to have gone much further.

“Unbeknownst to the officers who responded, the suspect had stayed on the scene and was seated on a bench on the platform just outside the train car,” Ms Tisch said.

She explained that police were therefore able to obtain “very clear, detailed” imagery of the man from the responding officers’ body worn cameras. The pictures were disseminated by the New York Police Department (NYPD).

Later, three high school-aged New Yorkers called 911 to report they had recognised the suspect on another subway train, Ms Tisch told reporters.

The man was located after officers boarded the train and walked through the subway carriages.

He was arrested at Herald Square station – which is located near the Empire State Building in Manhattan. He was found with a lighter in his pocket, Ms Tisch said.

The man, who has not been publicly identified, emigrated from Guatemala to the US in 2018, Mr Gulotta added.

“I want to thank the young people who called 911 to help,” Ms Tisch added. “They saw something, they said something and they did something.”

Hundreds of Tibetans protesting against a Chinese dam were rounded up in a harsh crackdown earlier this year, with some beaten and seriously injured, the BBC has learnt from sources and verified footage.

Such protests are extremely rare in Tibet, which China has tightly controlled since it annexed the region in the 1950s. That they still happened highlights China’s controversial push to build dams in what has long been a sensitive area.

Claims of the arrests and beatings began trickling out shortly after the events in February. In the following days authorities further tightened restrictions, making it difficult for anyone to verify the story, especially journalists who cannot freely travel to Tibet.

But the BBC has spent months tracking down Tibetan sources whose family and friends were detained and beaten. BBC Verify has also examined satellite imagery and verified leaked videos which show mass protests and monks begging the authorities for mercy.

The sources live outside of China and are not associated with activist groups. But they did not wish to be named for safety reasons.

In response to our queries, the Chinese embassy in the UK did not confirm nor deny the protests or the ensuing crackdown.

But it said: “China is a country governed by the rule of law, and strictly safeguards citizens’ rights to lawfully express their concerns and provide opinions or suggestions.”

The protests, followed by the crackdown, took place in a territory home to Tibetans in Sichuan province. For years, Chinese authorities have been planning to build the massive Gangtuo dam and hydropower plant, also known as Kamtok in Tibetan, in the valley straddling the Dege (Derge) and Jiangda (Jomda) counties.

Once built, the dam’s reservoir would submerge an area that is culturally and religiously significant to Tibetans, and home to several villages and ancient monasteries containing sacred relics.

One of them, the 700-year-old Wangdui (Wontoe) Monastery, has particular historical value as its walls feature rare Buddhist murals.

The Gangtuo dam would also displace thousands of Tibetans. The BBC has seen what appears to be a public tender document for the relocation of 4,287 residents to make way for the dam.

The BBC contacted an official listed on the tender document as well as Huadian, the state-owned enterprise reportedly building the dam. Neither have responded.

Plans to build the dam were first approved in 2012, according to a United Nations special rapporteurs letter to the Chinese government. The letter, which is from July 2024, raised concerns about the dam’s “irreversible impact” on thousands of people and the environment.

From the start, residents were not “consulted in a meaningful way” about the dam, according to the letter. For instance, they were given information that was inadequate and not in the Tibetan language.

They were also promised by the government that the project would only go ahead if 80% of them agreed to it, but “there is no evidence this consent was ever given,” the letter goes on to say, adding that residents tried to raise concerns about the dam several times.

Chinese authorities, however, denied this in their response to the UN. “The relocation of the villages in question was carried out only after full consultation of the opinions of the local residents,” the Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the United Nations office said in a letter from September 2024.

It added: “Local government and project developers funded the construction of new homes and provided subsidies for grazing, herding and farming. As for any cultural relics, they were relocated in their entirety.”

But the BBC understands from two Tibetan sources that, in February, officials had told them they would be evicted imminently, while giving them little information about resettlement options and compensation.

This triggered such deep anxiety that villagers and Buddhist monks decided to stage protests, despite knowing the risks of a crackdown.

The largest one saw hundreds gathering outside a government building in Dege. In a video clip obtained and verified by the BBC, protesters can be heard calling on authorities to stop the evictions and let them stay.

Separately, a group of residents approached visiting officials and pleaded with them to cancel plans to build the dam. The BBC has obtained footage which appears to show this incident, and verified it took place in the village of Xiba.

The clip shows red-robed monks and villagers kneeling on a dusty road and showing a thumbs-up, a traditional Tibetan way of begging for mercy.

In the past the Chinese government has been quick to stamp out resistance to authority, especially in Tibetan territory where it is sensitive to anything that could potentially feed separatist sentiment.

It was no different this time. Authorities swiftly launched their crackdown, arresting hundreds of people at protests while also raiding homes across the valley, according to one of our sources.

One unverified but widely shared clip appears to show Chinese policemen shoving a group of monks on a road, in what is thought to be an arrest operation.

Many were detained for weeks and some were beaten badly, according to our Tibetan sources whose family and friends were targeted in the crackdown.

One source shared fresh details of the interrogations. He told the BBC that a childhood friend was detained and interrogated over several days.

“He was asked questions and treated nicely at first. They asked him ‘who asked you to participate, who is behind this’.

“Then, when he couldn’t give them [the] answers they wanted, he was beaten by six or seven different security personnel over several days.”

His friend sustained only minor injuries, and was freed within a few days. But others were not so lucky.

Another source told the BBC that more than 20 of his relatives and friends were detained for participating in the protests, including an elderly person who was more than 70 years old.

“Some of them sustained injuries all over their body, including in their ribs and kidneys, from being kicked and beaten… some of them were sick because of their injuries,” he said.

Similar claims of physical abuse and beatings during the arrests have surfaced in overseas Tibetan media reports.

The UN letter also notes reports of detentions and use of force on hundreds of protesters, stating they were “severely beaten by the Chinese police, resulting in injuries that required hospitalisation”.

After the crackdown, Tibetans in the area encountered even tighter restrictions, the BBC understands. Communication with the outside world was further limited and there was increased surveillance. Those who are still contactable have been unwilling to talk as they fear another crackdown, according to sources.

The first source said while some released protesters were eventually allowed to travel elsewhere in Tibetan territory, others have been slapped with orders restricting their movement.

This has caused problems for those who need to go to hospital for medical treatment and nomadic tribespeople who need to roam across pastures with their herds, he said.

The second source said he last heard from his relatives and friends at the end of February: “When I got through, they said not to call any more as they would get arrested. They were very scared, they would hang up on me.

“We used to talk over WeChat, but now that is not possible. I’m totally blocked from contacting all of them,” he said.

“The last person I spoke to was a younger female cousin. She said, ‘It’s very dangerous, a lot of us have been arrested, there’s a lot of trouble, they have hit a lot of us’… They didn’t know what was going to happen to them next.”

The BBC has been unable to find any mention of the protests and crackdown in Chinese state media. But shortly after the protests, a Chinese Communist Party official visited the area to “explain the necessity” of building the dam and called for “stability maintenance measures”, according to one report.

A few months later, a tender was awarded for the construction of a Dege “public security post”, according to documents posted online.

The letter from Chinese authorities to the UN suggests villagers have already been relocated and relics moved, but it is unclear how far the project has progressed.

The BBC has been monitoring the valley via satellite imagery for months. For now, there is no sign of the dam’s construction nor demolition of the villages and monasteries.

The Chinese embassy told us authorities were still conducting geological surveys and specialised studies to build the dam. They added the local government is “actively and thoroughly understanding the demands and aspirations” of residents.

China is no stranger to controversy when it comes to dams.

When the government constructed the world’s biggest dam in the 90s – the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River – it saw protests and criticism over its handling of relocation and compensation for thousands of villagers.

In more recent years, as China has accelerated its pivot from coal to clean energy sources, such moves have become especially sensitive in Tibetan territories.

Beijing has been eyeing the steep valleys and mighty rivers here, in the rural west, to build mega-dams and hydropower stations that can sustain China’s electricity-hungry eastern metropolises. President Xi Jinping has personally pushed for this, a policy called “xidiandongsong”, or “sending western electricity eastwards”.

Like Gangtuo, many of these dams are on the Jinsha (Dri Chu) river, which runs through Tibetan territories. It forms the upper reaches of the Yangtze river and is part of what China calls the world’s largest clean energy corridor.

Gangtuo is in fact the latest in a series of 13 dams planned for this valley, five of which are already in operation or under construction.

The Chinese government and state media have presented these dams as a win-win solution that cuts pollution and generates clean energy, while uplifting rural Tibetans.

In its statement to the BBC, the Chinese embassy said clean energy projects focus on “promoting high-quality economic development” and “enhancing the sense of gain and happiness among people of all ethnic groups”.

But the Chinese government has long been accused of violating Tibetans’ rights. Activists say the dams are the latest example of Beijing’s exploitation of Tibetans and their land.

“What we are seeing is the accelerated destruction of Tibetan religious, cultural and linguistic heritage,” said Tenzin Choekyi, a researcher with rights group Tibet Watch. “This is the ‘high-quality development’ and ‘ecological civilisation’ that the Chinese government is implementing in Tibet.”

One key issue is China’s relocation policy that evicts Tibetans from their homes to make way for development – it is what drove the protests by villagers and monks living near the Gangtuo dam. More than 930,000 rural Tibetans are estimated to have been relocated since 2000, according to Human Rights Watch (HRW).

Beijing has always maintained that these relocations happen only with the consent of Tibetans, and that they are given housing, compensation and new job opportunities. State media often portrays it as an improvement in their living conditions.

But rights groups paint a different picture, with reports detailing evidence of coercion, complaints of inadequate compensation, cramped living conditions, and lack of jobs. They also point out that relocation severs the deep, centuries-old connection that rural Tibetans share with their land.

“These people will essentially lose everything they own, their livelihoods and community heritage,” said Maya Wang, interim China director at HRW.

There are also environmental concerns over the flooding of Tibetan valleys renowned for their biodiversity, and the possible dangers of building dams in a region rife with earthquake fault lines.

Some Chinese academics have found the pressure from accumulated water in dam reservoirs could potentially increase the risk of quakes, including in the Jinsha river. This could cause catastrophic flooding and destruction, as seen in 2018, when rain-induced landslides occurred at a village situated between two dam construction sites on Jinsha.

The Chinese embassy told us that the implementation of any clean energy project “will go through scientific planning and rigorous demonstration, and will be subject to relevant supervision”.

In recent years, China has passed laws safeguarding the environment surrounding the Yangtze River and the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. President Xi has personally stressed the need to protect the Yangtze’s upper reaches.

About 424 million yuan (£45.5m, $60m) has been spent on environmental conservation along Jinsha, according to state media. Reports have also highlighted efforts to quake-proof dam projects.

Multiple Tibetan rights groups, however, argue that any large-scale development in Tibetan territory, including dams such as Gangtuo, should be halted.

They have staged protests overseas and called for an international moratorium, arguing that companies participating in such projects would be “allowing the Chinese government to profit from the occupation and oppression of Tibetans”.

“I really hope that this [dam-building] stops,” one of our sources said. “Our ancestors were here, our temples are here. We have been here for generations. It is very painful to move. What kind of life would we have if we leave?”

The suspect accused of killing UnitedHealthCare CEO Brian Thompson has pleaded not guilty to New York state murder and terrorism charges.

Luigi Mangione, 26, appeared in court on Monday to be arraigned on 11 state criminal counts, including murder a crime of terrorism.

As well as the state-level charges, he is also accused of federal (national-level) stalking and murder offences that could lead to a death penalty sentence.

Prosecutors allege that Mr Mangione shot Mr Thompson in central Manhattan before going on the run. Authorities later arrested him at a McDonald’s in Pennsylvania.

Mr Mangione appeared in court on Monday wearing a maroon sweater, white-collared shirt and khaki pants.

In addition to a long stream of journalists waiting for the suspect to appear, members of the public – almost all of them young women – were in court, some of whom told CBS, the BBC’s US partner, that they were there to show their support.

Mr Mangione is facing 11 state criminal counts in New York, including first-degree murder and murder as a crime of terrorism.

If convicted of all the counts, he would face a mandatory sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole.

Federal prosecutors have also separately charged Mr Mangione for using a firearm to commit murder and interstate stalking resulting in death. Both charges could make him eligible for the death penalty.

He has yet to enter a plea on those charges.

Prosecutors have said the federal and state cases will move forward parallel with one another.

In court last week, Mr Mangione’s lawyer – Karen Friedman Agnifilo – said that the two sets of charges appear to conflict, with the state charges accusing him of seeking to “intimidate or coerce a civilian population” while the federal charges focus on crimes against an individual.

Ms Agnifilo said that the overlapping cases were “confusing” and “highly unusual”.

“I’ve never seen anything like what is happening here” in 30 years of practicing law, she said.

In court on Monday, she further told the judge that she believed that statements from government officials – including New York City Mayor Eric Adams – make her “very concerned about my client’s right to a fair trial”.

“This is a young man,” she said. “He is being treated like a human ping-pong ball between two warring jurisdictions here.”

She also accused state and federal authorities of treating Mr Mangione like “political fodder” and a “spectacle” by bringing back to New York by helicopter, surrounded by officials and armed guards, in full view of cameras and journalists.

The judge, Gregory Carro, said that he is unable to control what happens outside court, but vowed that Mr Mangione would receive a fair trial.

In response, the state’s prosecutor said that he had never seen a case with a “higher volume” of quality evidence.

The suspect is currently in federal custody at the Metropolitan Detention Center (MDC) Brooklyn after being returned to New York amid heavy security last week.

Authorities believe that Mr Mangione carried out a targeted killing of Mr Thompson, pointing to evidence that he was angry at the US healthcare industry.

The federal complaint notes that a notebook found in Mr Mangione’s possession expressed “hostility towards the health insurance industry and wealthy executives in particular.”

Some on social media praised Mr Mangione’s alleged crimes, often sharing their own anger at the US private healthcare system.

Speaking to CBS, the BBC’s US partner, on Sunday, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said that the online rhetoric has been “extraordinarily alarming”.

“It speaks of what is really bubbling here in this country,” he said. “And unfortunately we see that manifested in violence, the domestic violent extremism that exists.”

US President Joe Biden has commuted the sentences of 37 out of 40 federal death row inmates, switching their penalty to life in prison without parole.

The three excluded from the measure include the Boston Marathon bomber and the man who killed Jewish worshippers in 2018.

In a statement, Biden said he was “more convinced than ever that we must stop the use of the death penalty at the federal level”. His measure does not include more than 2,000 people convicted to death by State authorities.

Biden’s decision comes before the return of President-elect Donald Trump in January, who resumed federal executions when he was in office.

• Biden issues 39 presidential pardons and commutes 1,500 sentences

Among those reprieved by Biden are nine people convicted of murdering fellow prisoners, four for murders committed during bank robberies and one who killed a prison guard.

“Make no mistake: I condemn these murderers, grieve for the victims of their despicable acts, and ache for all the families who have suffered unimaginable and irreparable loss,” Biden added.

Disgraced former New Orleans police officer Len Davis, who operated a drug ring involving other officers and arranged a woman’s murder, is among those who have been shown clemency.

The three remaining on death row include Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, who helped carry out the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, and avowed white supremacist Dylann Roof who shot and killed nine Black churchgoers in Charleston, South Carolina in 2015.

Robert Bowers, who killed 11 Jewish worshippers during a mass shooting in 2018 at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, will also remain on death row.

Biden has campaigned as an opponent of the death penalty, and the Justice Department issued a moratorium on its use at federal level after he became president.

During his first term in office, Trump oversaw 13 deaths by lethal injection during his final six months in power.

There had been no federal inmates put to death in the US since 2003 until Trump resumed federal executions in July 2020.

During his re-election campaign, Trump indicated he would expand the use of capital punishment to include human and drug traffickers, as well as migrants who kill American citizens.

Biden appeared to make reference to Trump’s intentions in his statement by saying he could not “in good conscience – stand back and let a new administration resume executions that I halted”.

In US law, these clemency decisions cannot be reversed by a president’s successor.

Biden’s decision will not impact people sentenced to death in state courts, which is around around 2,250 inmates according to the Death Penalty Information Centre. More than 70 state executions have been carried out during Biden’s presidency.

The death penalty has been abolished in 23 of the 50 US states. Six other states, including Arizona, California, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania and Tennessee, have moratoriums in place.

Earlier this month, Biden commuted the sentences of nearly 1,500 people and pardoned 39 more convicted of nonviolent crimes.

He also pardoned his son, Hunter Biden, who was facing sentencing for two criminal cases. He had pleaded guilty to tax charges earlier in September, and was found guilty of being an illegal drug user in possession of a gun in June – becoming the first child of a sitting president to be a convicted of a crime.

The US Constitution decrees that a president has the broad “power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment”.

“I feel bad, I still do,” said Eidwicht, as she stood in the Christmas market close to the spot where the car sped through on Friday, killing five people and injuring more than two hundred others.

“My granddaughter was here. I rang her because my daughter told me that something had happened here. And she didn’t answer for two hours.”

There is deep sadness here – and anger directed at the government and migrants. “It can’t go on like this,” said Eidwicht.

A Saudi refugee aged 50 has been arrested for the attack but the motive is unknown.

Officials say Taleb Al-Abdulmohsen, was an “untypical” attacker. Germany’s Christmas markets and festivals have come under attack before, mainly from extreme Islamists.

Abdulmohsen has been described as critical of Islam and he also voiced support on social media for the far-right Alternative for Germany party, hailing the party for fighting the same enemy as him “to protect Germany”.

The AfD has not commented on those posts – and the party is planning a procession of mourning in Magdeburg later on Monday, with national party leader Alice Weidel attending.

Her party is currently riding high in the opinion polls ahead of federal elections on 23 February, especially in states like Saxony-Anhalt in the former East Germany.

This attack has brought two big elections issues to the fore, security and immigration, and AfD figures have highlighted both since the attack.

Despite the suspect’s many statements expressing hostility to Islam, the head of the AfD in Sachsen-Anhalt, Martin Reichardt, said in a statement “the attack in Magdeburg shows that Germany is being drawn into political and religious fanaticism that has its origins in another world”.

In a post on X, Weidel said the government’s discussion of new security laws following the attack “must not distract from the fact that Magdeburg would not have been possible without uncontrolled immigration. The state must protect its citizens through a restrictive migration policy and consistent deportations!”

A counter-demonstration will also be held and anti-racism groups in Magdeburg have accused the AfD of exploiting the attack.

David Begrich from Miteinander e.V. said people in the city needed a chance to catch their breath.

“In the migrant communities, there is great concern about being made into a scapegoat,” he said. “We don’t want that. We want to organise solidarity across society, but at the same time we are also sensitive to the voices of those who are now reacting with fear and uncertainty.”

Germans are asking how the attack could have happened, when security was already heightened at Christmas markets and when authorities had clearly investigated the suspect several times in recent years.

The threat he posed was considered “too unspecific”, according to one assessment, while one tip-off against him in September 2023 appears to have fallen through the cracks.

In another apparent security failing, the driver was also able to get through a gap that had been left open for emergency access when it should have been filled by a police van.

Stallholders at the Christmas market have now been allowed to come back, to throw away old food and remove their equipment and stocks.

None that I approached wanted to speak to the BBC. It’s all too raw.

There has also been hostility towards journalists over the past few days, especially after some 2,000 people joined a protest by the far right in Magdeburg on Saturday night.

The Association of German Journalists said there had been aggression and threats against the press and appealed for greater police protection.

The BBC team joined mourners gathered in Cathedral Square for a live stream of the vigil for victims of the attack and many who spoke to them said it was important to show solidarity at a time of terrible distress.

But one woman struck a note of caution. There are “some Nazis here, who don’t like journalists,” she said. “Please be careful.”

Two former Israeli intelligence agents have revealed how members of the Lebanese Shia militant group Hezbollah used Israeli made walkie-talkies booby-trapped with explosives for 10 years before they were detonated in a surprise attack in September this year.

The two ex-Mossad agents told US CBS News how the service duped Hezbollah into buying thousands of rigged walkie-talkies and pagers without realising they were made in Israel.

Dozens of people were killed and thousands injured in the attacks. Israel said it was tailored to target only Hezbollah members, but civilians were among victims, Lebanese officials said.

The UN human rights chief called the attack a war crime.

At the time of the attack, Israel and Hezbollah were fighting a conflict which had spiralled since Hezbollah fired at Israeli positions a day after Hamas’s unprecedented attack on southern Israel 7 October 2023.

On 17 September 2024, thousands of pagers simultaneously exploded across Lebanon, mainly in areas with a strong Hezbollah presence. The blasts wounded or killed users and some people nearby, spreading panic and confusion. The following day walkie-talkies exploded in the same way, killing and injuring hundreds more.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu admitted that Israel was responsible two months later, Israeli media reported at the time.

In an interview with the BBC’s US broadcast partner, the two former agents divulged details of the operation.

One of the agents, given the name Michael, said Mossad had concealed an explosive device inside the batteries operating the walkie-talkies, which he said would typically be carried in a vest nearer the wearer’s heart.

He said Hezbollah had unwittingly bought over 16,000 walkie-talkies at “a good price” from a fake company 10 years ago.

“We have an incredible array of possibilities of creating foreign companies that have no way being traced back to Israel,” Michael said. “Shell companies over shell companies to affect the supply chain to our favour.

“We create a pretend world. We are a global production company. We write the screenplay, we’re the directors, we’re the producers, we’re the main actors, and the world is our stage.”

The operation expanded two years ago to include pagers, CBS said.

Mossad found that at that time Hezbollah was buying pagers from a Taiwanese company called Gold Apollo, it said. It set up a fake company which used the Gold Apollo name on pagers rigged with explosives, without the parent company realising.

CBS said Mossad put explosives inside powerful enough to hurt only the user.

“We test everything triple, double, multiple times in order to make sure there is minimum damage,” said the second agent, whom the programme called Gabriel.

It said Mossad specifically chose a ringtone which would sound urgent enough for someone to check in incoming message.

Gabriel said the agency duped Hezbollah into buying the pagers, making advertising films and brochures, and sharing them on the internet.

“When they are buying from us, they have zero clue that they are buying from the Mossad,” he said. “We make like [movie] Truman Show, everything is controlled by us behind the scene.”

Hezbollah had bought 5,000 of the booby-trapped pagers by September 2024, CBS said.

They were triggered from Israel when Mossad feared Hezbollah began to have suspicions, it said.

The explosions caused shockwaves across Lebanon, with detonations happening everywhere the pagers were being carried, including in supermarkets. Hospitals were overwhelmed with casualties, many of whom had been maimed.

Gabriel said there was a “strong rumour” that people also fell victim in front of the then Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.

Days later, with Hezbollah still reeling from the attack, Israel began intense waves of air strikes against Hezbollah targets, followed by a ground invasion of Lebanon.

The two sides agreed to a ceasefire on 26 November.

Lebanon strongly condemned the pager and walkie-talkie attacks, while the UN’s human rights chief, Volker Turk, said they had left him “appalled”.

The method of attacks, he said, “violates international human rights law and, as applicable, international humanitarian law”.

Hollywood stars America Ferrera, Amber Tamblyn and Alexis Bledel have publicly backed US actress Blake Lively after she filed a legal complaint against It Ends With Us co-star Justin Baldoni.

Ms Lively filed the legal complaint over the weekend against Mr Baldoni, alleging sexual harassment and a campaign to “destroy” her reputation.

Mr Baldoni’s legal team told the BBC on Saturday that the allegations are “categorically false”.

Ferrera, Tamblyn and Bledel, who starred with Lively in 2005 film The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, issued a joint statement on Instagram on Sunday saying they “stand with her in solidarity”.

Colleen Hoover, the author of It Ends With Us, also showed her support, describing Ms Lively as “honest, kind, supportive and patient”.

Lawyers for Ms Lively say the legal complaint follows a meeting earlier this year to address “repeated sexual harassment and other disturbing behaviour” by Baldoni, her co-star and a producer on the movie.

In their statement, Ferrera, Tamblyn and Bledel said: “As Blake’s friends and sisters for over 20 years, we stand with her in solidarity as she fights back against the reported campaign waged to destroy her reputation.

“Throughout the filming of It Ends with Us, we saw her summon the courage to ask for a safe workplace for herself and colleagues on set, and we are appalled to read the evidence of a premeditated and vindictive effort that ensued to discredit her voice.”

They added: “Most upsetting is the unabashed exploitation of domestic violence survivors’ stories to silence a woman who asked for safety. The hypocrisy is astounding.

“We are struck by the reality that even if a woman is as strong, celebrated, and resourced as our friend Blake, she can face forceful retaliation for daring to ask for a safe working environment,” the statement added.

“We are inspired by our sister’s courage to stand up for herself and others.”

Lawyers for Mr Baldoni said they hired a crisis manager because Ms Lively had threatened to derail the film unless her demands were met.

In the drama It Ends With Us, Ms Lively plays a woman who finds herself in a relationship with a charming but abusive boyfriend, played by Mr Baldoni.

In a post to her Instagram stories, Colleen Hoover, the author of the novel on which the film was based, also voiced her support: “@BlakeLively you have been nothing but honest, kind, supportive and patient since the day we met.

“Thank you for being exactly the human that you are.

“Never change. Never wilt.”

She then linked to a New York Times article titled We Can Bury Anyone: Inside A Hollywood Smear Machine.

Hoover also re-posted the statement from Ferrara, Bledel and Tamblyn, adding: “This statement from these women and Blake’s ability to refuse to sit down and ‘be buried’ has been nothing short of inspiring.”

The meeting between Ms Lively and Mr Baldoni, together with others involved in the movie’s production plus Ms Lively’s actor husband Ryan Reynolds, took place on 4 January 2024, and it aimed to address “the hostile work environment” on set, according to Ms Lively’s legal filing.

Mr Baldoni attended the meeting in his capacity as co-chairman and co-founder of the company that produced the film, Wayfarer Studios. He was also the film’s director.

In the legal complaint, Ms Lively’s lawyers allege that both Mr Baldoni and the Wayfarer chief executive officer, Jamey Heath, engaged in “inappropriate and unwelcome behaviour towards Ms Lively and others on the set of It Ends With Us”.

In the filing to the California Civil Rights Department, a list of 30 demands relating to the pair’s alleged misconduct was made at the meeting to ensure they could continue to produce the film.

Among them, Ms Lively requested that there be no more mention of Mr Baldoni and Mr Heath’s previous “pornography addiction” to Ms Lively or to other crew members, no more descriptions of their own genitalia to Ms Lively, and “no more adding of sex scenes, oral sex, or on camera climaxing by BL [Blake Lively] outside the scope of the script BL approved when signing onto the project”, says the complaint.

Ms Lively also demanded that Mr Baldoni stop saying he could speak to her dead father.

Ms Lively’s legal team further accuse Mr Baldoni and Wayfarer Studios of leading a “multi-tiered plan” to wreck her reputation.

She alleges this was “the intended result of a carefully crafted, coordinated, and resourced retaliatory scheme to silence her, and others from speaking out about the hostile environment that Mr Baldoni and Mr Heath created”.

Responding to the legal complaint, Mr Baldoni’s lawyer, Bryan Freedman, said on Saturday: “It is shameful that Ms Lively and her representatives would make such serious and categorically false accusations against Mr Baldoni, Wayfarer Studios and its representatives.”

Mr Freedman accused Ms Lively of making numerous demands and threats, including “threatening to not show up to set, threatening to not promote the film”, which would end up “ultimately leading to its demise during release, if her demands were not met”.

He alleged that Ms Lively’s claims were “intentionally salacious with an intent to publicly hurt and rehash a narrative in the media”.

In a statement via her attorneys to the BBC, Ms Lively said: “I hope that my legal action helps pull back the curtain on these sinister retaliatory tactics to harm people who speak up about misconduct and helps protect others who may be targeted.”

She also denied that she or any of her representatives had planted or spread negative information about Mr Baldoni or Wayfarer.

The film was a box-office hit, although some critics said it romanticised domestic violence.

Mauritius’s deputy prime minister has hinted that negotiations with the UK over the future of the Chagos Islands are being held up over the amount of money involved.

Under the terms of the original agreement, which was announced in October, the UK would relinquish sovereignty to Mauritius over the archipelago but maintain a 99-year lease for Diego Garcia, home to a major UK-US military airbase.

As part of the deal, the UK said it would provide a package of financial support to Mauritius, including annual payments and infrastructure investment, but neither side has said how much is involved.

However a new government in Mauritius, elected since the agreement was first made, has said it wants to see some changes.

The proposed deal has also attracted criticism in the UK, with the opposition Conservative party calling it a “monumental failure of statecraft”.

When the agreement was first made public after years of talks, UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer and the then Mauritian Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth called it a “seminal moment in our relationship and a demonstration of our enduring commitment to the peaceful resolution of disputes and the rule of law”.

It sought to end decades of uncertainty and dispute over the status of the islands.

• New Mauritian PM sends fresh Chagos proposals to UK
• Chagos deal remains on track, says UK minister
• Trump team hostile to Chagos deal, claims Farage

In a joint statement issued on Friday, the UK and Mauritius said they were committed “to finalising a treaty as quickly as possible” that included both the “secure and effective operation of the existing base on Diego Garcia and that Mauritius is sovereign over the archipelago”.

They added that “ongoing conversations” were productive.

The new Mauritian government, elected in a landslide last month, has not been explicit in public about what exactly its problems with the deal were.

But talking to his constituents on Sunday, Deputy Prime Minister Paul Bérenger spoke about the money involved.

“This base existed on our land, on our territory… but not only it is [about] our sovereignty. There are some things you can’t accept if you’re a true patriot. They are trying to make us sign and they are quibbling on a small amount,” he said.

Speaking in parliament last week about the negotiations Bérenger admitted that Mauritius needs “money to get out of the economic mess the previous government got us into, but not at any price, not under any conditions”.

Addressing MPs on Friday, Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam said that the UK was keen to complete the deal “before [Donald] Trump swears in as president on 20 January”.

Marco Rubio, Trump’s pick for secretary of state, has described the deal as a threat to US security.

Last week in the UK’s House of Commons, Shadow Foreign Secretary Dame Priti Patel accused the Labour government of putting the UK’s national security at risk, ignoring the interests of Chagossians, and “letting our standing go into freefall” in an increasingly dangerous world.

“How much is the British taxpayer going to be liable for each year, and in total, over 99 years?” she asked.

Foreign Office Minister Stephen Doughty insisted the deal would enhance, not damage UK security, saying it would protect the military base’s operation and ensure it was “on a safe footing well into the next century”.

In recent years, the UK has faced rising diplomatic isolation over its claim to what it refers to as the British Indian Ocean Territory, with various United Nations bodies – including its top court and general assembly – overwhelmingly siding with Mauritius and demanding the UK surrender what some have called its “last colony in Africa”.

The government of Mauritius has long argued that it was illegally forced to give the Chagos Islands away in return for its own independence from the UK in 1968.

Until very recently, the UK insisted that Mauritius itself had no legitimate claim to the islands.

• Is this tiny Mauritian island a confidential spy station?
• Chagos islanders in emotional, historic trip home
• British stamps banned from Chagos Islands in Indian Ocean

This year’s Christmas message from King Charles will be delivered from a former hospital chapel, in a year in which the King has been undergoing cancer treatment.

The location for the traditional Christmas Day broadcast is the Fitzrovia Chapel in central London, which once served as the chapel of the Middlesex Hospital.

It’s the first time in more than a decade that the Christmas speech has been recorded from a place that isn’t in a royal palace or estate – and it’s understood that the King wanted a location with a connection to those working in healthcare.

The ornately-decorated 19th Century former chapel building is now used for exhibitions and community events for people of any faiths and none.

As well as a connection to the health services, the building also ties in with the King’s interest in building bridges between different beliefs, backgrounds and religions.

The location suggests that healthcare and supporting community links could be themes for the annual speech, after a summer in which relations in some towns had been frayed by riots.

The traditional speech from the monarch, recorded earlier this month, will be broadcast as usual on television and radio at 15:00 on Christmas Day.

The Christmas message comes at the end of a year in which the King faced a cancer diagnosis.

His regular sessions of treatment are continuing, as they have for much of this year, but as a sign of a positive response, he has plans for a busy schedule of engagements and overseas trips in 2025.

Setting the speech in this former hospital chapel, which was renovated and reopened in 2016, will be a reminder of the efforts of those working in the health services and medical research.

The King has been filmed beside a Christmas tree, which has since been donated to a hospice in Clapham.

The small chapel, decorated in the Gothic Revival style with shimmering mosaics and Byzantine influences, is tucked away in Pearson Square, in a quiet corner of London’s West End.

It was built in the courtyard of what was the Middlesex Hospital, serving its staff and patients. When the hospital was demolished the chapel was retained and restored, with a new development built around it.

It’s no longer regularly used for services, but is used for community events and concerts and is open to visitors wanting some quiet contemplation.

The monarch’s Christmas message has often been recorded in Buckingham Palace or Windsor Castle.

But there have been exceptions, most recently in 2010 when it was filmed at Hampton Court Palace, and before that in 2006 at Southwark Cathedral. In 2003 the speech was recorded at an army barracks in Windsor.

The run-up to Christmas has seen the King attending a series of seasonal events, including a Christmas market in Battersea, a service remembering those persecuted because of their religion and an event in Walthamstow celebrating the diversity of the local community.

The King’s speech on Christmas Day follows a tradition dating back to 1932, when George V made the first Christmas broadcast.

That first speech was scripted by Rudyard Kipling, who lay in state in the Fitzrovia Chapel before his funeral in Westminster Abbey.

Authorities in Guatemala have resisted efforts by members of a Jewish sect to recapture 160 children rescued from its premises.

The children were taken into care on Friday when police raided a farm used by the Lev Tahor movement, which is under investigation in several countries for serious sexual offences.

Interior Minister Francisco Jimenez said they were allegedly being abused by a member of the sect.

But on Sunday, sect members broke into a care centre where they were being held in an attempt to get them back, leading to scuffles with police.

The Lev Tahor sect is known for extremist practices and imposing a strict regime on its followers.

It advocates child marriage, inflicts harsh punishments even for minor transgressions and requires women and girls as young as three years old to completely cover up with robes.

The sect accuses the Guatemalan authorities of religious persecution.

The community settled in Mexico and Guatemala between 2014 and 2017. In 2022, members of the sect were arrested in a police operation in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas, but they were later freed for lack of evidence.

The events began when police raided the sect’s farm in Oratorio, south-east of Guatemala City, on Friday, taking the children into care.

Prosecutors said there were suspicions of “forced pregnancy, mistreatment of minors and rape”.

But two days later, about 100 of the children’s relatives – all members of the sect – gathered outside the centre where they were being held to call for their return.

Some sect members then forced open the gate and tried to abduct the children and adolescents sheltered there, the Attorney General’s Office said.

But the children were intercepted by the authorities and put into a white minibus, local media reported.

With police help, the centre “managed to locate and protect everyone again”, the Attorney General’s Office added.

Officials had previously tried to check on the children’s wellbeing, but were prevented from entering the farm by sect members.

Authorities estimate that the community is made up of about 50 families residing in Guatemala, the US, Canada and other countries.

The Jewish Community of Guatemala has issued a statement disowning the sect, describing it as foreign to its own organisation.

It expressed support for the Guatemalan authorities in carrying out necessary investigations “to protect the lives and integrity of minors and other vulnerable groups that may be at risk”.

The Pelicot rape trial, which ended in France on Thursday, held a terrible fascination for almost every woman I know. As it unfolded in an Avignon court, I found myself following every awful detail, then discussing it with my female friends, my daughters, colleagues, even women in my local book club, as we tried to process what happened.

For nearly a decade, Gisèle Pelicot’s husband had been secretly drugging her and inviting men he’d met on the internet to have sex with his “Sleeping Beauty” wife in the marital bedroom while he videoed them.

These strangers, ranging from 22 to 70 years in age, with jobs that included fireman, nurse, journalist, prison warden and soldier, complied with Dominique Pelicot‘s instructions. Such was their desire for a submissive female body to penetrate, they blithely had sex with a retired grandmother whose heavily sedated body resembled a rag doll.

There were 50 men in court, all living within a 50km (30 mile) radius of Mazan, a small town in southern France where the Pelicots lived. They were, apparently, just like “any other man”.

One woman in her 30s told me “When I first read about it, I didn’t want to be around men for at least a week, even my fiancé. It just horrified me.”

Another in her late 60s, so close to Gisèle Pelicot’s age, couldn’t stop thinking about what men’s minds could be harbouring, even her husband and sons. “Is this just the tip of the iceberg?”

As Dr Stella Duffy, 61, an author and therapist, wrote on Instagram on the day the verdict was delivered: “I hope and try to believe #notallmen, but I imagine the wives and girlfriends and best mates and daughters and mothers of Gisèle Pelicot’s village thought that too. And now they know different. Every woman I talk to says this case has changed how she views men. I hope it’s changed how men view men too.”

Now that justice has been done, we can look beyond this monstrous case and ask: where did these men’s callous and violent behaviour come from? Could they not see that sex without consent is rape?

But there is a broader question too. What does the fact that so many men in a relatively small area shared this fantasy of extreme domination over a woman say about the nature of male desire?

It is hard to imagine the scale of the orchestrated rapes and sexual assaults of Ms Pelicot without the internet.

The platform on which Dominique Pelicot advertised for men to rape his wife was an unmoderated French website, which made it easier to bring together people who shared sexual interests, with no holds barred, than it would have been in the days before the internet. (It has now been closed down.)

One of Ms Pelicot’s lawyers likened the site to a “murder weapon”, telling the court that without it the case “would never have reached such proportions”.

But the internet has played a role in gradually changing attitudes to sex in consensual and non-abusive settings too, normalising what many might have once seen as extreme.

In the shift from old school skin mags and blue movies bought in a murky Soho sex shop to modern-day websites like PornHub, which had 11.4 billion mobile visits globally in the month of January 2024 alone, the boundaries of porn have expanded hugely. Adding in more and more extreme or niche activity ramps up the expectation, so “vanilla” sex may become mundane.

According to a survey of UK online users in January 2024, almost one in 10 respondents aged between 25 and 49 years reported watching porn most days, the great majority of them male.

Twenty-four-year-old university graduate Daisy told me that most people she knows watch porn, including her. She prefers to use a feminist site whose search filters include “passionate” and “sensual”, as well as “rough”. But some of her male friends say they no longer watch porn “as they couldn’t have a nice time having sex because of watching too much porn when they were just kids“.

A 2023 study for the children’s commissioner for England, Dame Rachel de Souza, found that a quarter of 16 to 21-year-olds first saw pornography on the internet while still at primary school.

At the time Ms de Souza said: “The adult content which parents may have accessed in their youth could be considered ‘quaint’ in comparison to today’s world of online pornography.”

Children who regularly viewed porn on mobiles before puberty inevitably grow up with different sexual expectations than those aroused by Playboy in the 20th century.

While no direct causal link has been established, there is substantial evidence of an association between the use of pornography and harmful sexual attitudes and behaviours towards women.

According to government research before the Covid-19 pandemic: “There is evidence that use of pornography is associated with greater likelihood of desiring or engaging in sexual acts witnessed in porn, and a greater likelihood of believing women want to engage in these specific acts.”

Some of those acts may involve aggressive, dominating behaviour such as face slapping, choking, gagging and spitting. Daisy told me: “Choking has become normalised, routine, expected, like neck-kissing. With the last person I was seeing, I told him from the start that I wasn’t into choking and he was fine with that.”

But she believes that not all women will speak out. “And in my experience most men don’t want a woman to be dominant in the bedroom. That’s where they want to have the power.”

Forty years older than Daisy, Suzanne Noble has written about her own sexual adventures and now has a website and podcast called Sex Advice for Seniors. She believes that the availability of porn that depicts rape fantasies normalises an act that is rooted in violence and depicts rape as an activity women crave.

“There’s simply not enough education about the difference between re-enacting a fantasy that involves a pseudo-rape, with a completely non-consensual version of the same,” she argues.

Just as the internet brought porn out of backstreets and into bedrooms, it has also facilitated easier access to events in real life. Previously people into, say, S&M (sadomasochism), might have connected through small ads in the back of “contact” magazines, using Post Office boxes rather than mail to their own homes. It was a very slow and arduous way of setting up a sexual encounter. Now it’s far easier to connect with those groups online then plan to meet in person.

In the UK, it has become mainstream to find love and relationships through dating apps, and so too is it easier to connect with people who wish to try out particular sexual kinks, with a plethora of social apps such as Feeld, which is designed for people to explore “desire outside of existing blueprints”. Its online glossary includes a list of 31 desires, including polyamory, bondage and submission.

Albertina Fisher is an online psychosexual therapist who, in the course of her job, talks to her clients about their sexual fantasies. “There is nothing wrong with having a sexual fantasy — the difference is if fantasy becomes behaviour without consent,” she says.

Male and female fantasies are different she tells me, “but they very often include submission and domination. The key thing about sexual preferences such as BDSM (bondage, discipline or domination, sadism, and masochism) is that it is safe, sane and consensual. What two people want to do together is absolutely fine.” This, she stresses, is the case when both consent.

All of this is, of course, entirely separate to the Pelicot case. “That is sexual violence,” she says. “And it’s extremely distressing that this can happen within what appeared to be a loving relationship. Acting out a fantasy without consent is an extreme form of narcissism.

“With the partner incapacitated, all their needs are denied. So you have a fantasy of a woman who you don’t have to worry about pleasing.”

A key and problematic aspect of the whole question of fantasy is desire. In the post-Freudian age it has become a truism that desires should not be repressed. And much of the liberation theory of the 1960s emphasised self-actualisation through the realisation of sexual desire.

But male desire has become an increasingly contested concept, not least because of the questions of power and domination often entangled within it.

The men who stood trial in the Pelicot case struggled to see themselves as perpetrators. Some argued that they assumed Ms Pelicot had consented, or that they were taking part in a libertine sex game. As many of them saw it, they were simply pursuing their desires.

There is a dark borderline where a very basic form of heterosexual male desire – (or the primal urge to have sex with a woman, or women, in the most uncomplicated manner) – can grow into a shared endeavour, creating an esprit de corps of boundary-pushing that may pay little heed or care to the female experience.

This perhaps explains why an OnlyFans performer, Lily Phillips, recently drew a huge queue of participants in her quest to have sex with 100 men in one day.

The tendency to objectify women may in some cases also develop into a desire to annihilate the whole question of female desire, let alone agency.

Obviously male desire takes many forms, most of an entirely healthy nature, but it has traditionally been constrained by cultural limits. Now those limits have shifted radically in the UK and elsewhere in the West, and the underlying conviction that the realisation of desire is an act of self-liberation amounts to a potent and sometimes troubling combination.

Andre de Trichateau, a therapist based in South Kensington, London, brought up the appeal of masculinist influencers such as Andrew Tate, a self-proclaimed “misogynist”, who has 10.4 million followers on X.

Mr de Trichateau says that he has encountered men feeling demeaned and displaced by the rise of feminism. “Some men don’t know who to be,” he says. “Men are socialised to be dominant but also expected to be in touch with their emotions, able to show vulnerability.

“This confusion can lead to anger, directed to the feminist movement, and [in turn this can lead them to] people such as Tate.”

With a 60% male client base, Mr de Trichateau observes that “men can be socialised to view power and dominance as part of their identity”.

“This is not to justify anything like the Pelicot case,” he continues, “but objectively I can see that such behaviour is an escape from powerlessness and inadequacy. It’s tantalising and forbidden.

“The case is disturbing because it shows the extremities that people will go to.”

He also pointed out that online groups such as the one Mr Pelicot used can be very powerful. “In a group you are accepted. Ideas are validated. One person says its OK then everyone will go along with it.”

Many of the conversations during and since the Pelicot trial have focused on how to make the distinction between consensual and non-consensual sex and whether it should be better defined in law – but the problem is that what consent amounts to is a complex question.

As 24-year-old Daisy sees it, some women of her age tend to go along with men’s sexual preferences regardless of their own feelings. “They think something is hot if the man they are with thinks it’s hot.”

So, if heterosexual men, in particular, really are increasingly taking their sexual cues from pornography, then that prompts further questions about the changing shape of male desire. And if young women can feel that the price of intimacy is to go along with those desires, however extreme, then arguably consent is not a black and white matter.

Ultimately, there may be widespread relief that the Pelicot case is over and that justice was served, but it leaves behind even more questions – questions that, in the spirit of an amazingly strong French woman, are perhaps best discussed out in the open.

A 50-year-old Saudi-born man is being held in Germany on suspicion of Friday night’s car attack on hundreds of people visiting Magdeburg’s Christmas market.

The attack killed five people, including a nine-year-old boy and four women, and left more than 200 injured, with many in a critical condition.

Police believe the suspect acted alone, but significant details have emerged about him that indicate this was a very different attack from anything Germany has seen before.

Taleb al-Abdulmohsen has lived in Germany since 2006 and is described as a psychiatrist who was living about 50km (30 miles) south of Magdeburg, in the town of Bernburg.

Abdulmohsen does not fit the profile of attackers who caused mass casualties at Christmas markets in Berlin in 2016 and Strasbourg in France in 2018, or more recently at a festival in Solingen in August.

He is not an extreme Islamist – in fact, if you believe his social media posts and broadcast interviews, he appears to be have abandoned the faith and to have turned into an outspoken critic of Islam.

The motive behind the Magdeburg attack is for now unclear, but a picture of the suspect has emerged based on his past and the various interviews he gave.

He was granted asylum in 2016 and ran a website that aimed to help other former Muslims flee persecution in their Gulf homelands.

German Interior Minister Nancy Faeser said it was “clear to see” the suspect held “Islamophobic” views.

He has also expressed sympathy on social media for Germany’s far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD), known for its anti-immigration stance.

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As for the motive of Friday’s killings in Magdeburg, Holger Münch of the federal criminal police has said it is too early to say.

“He has anti-Islamic views; of course he’s also been involved with extreme-right platforms and given interviews,” he told German media. “But drawing a conclusion between what he says and what he’s done… it’s not yet possible to conclude it’s politically motivated.”

The suspect had been on the radar of German authorities for years, and the Saudis even tipped them off in November last year. Saudi sources said four official notifications known as “Notes Verbale” were sent warning German authorities of his “very extreme views”.

Although Saxony-Anhalt police did investigate him, he was never considered a threat because he had exhibited no violence before. Any potential threat was judged “too unspecific”.

Magdeburg police chief Tom-Oliver Langhans said police had conducted a threat assessment, “but that discussion was one year ago”.

Authorities may have been wary of Saudi warnings. A counter-terrorism expert told the BBC the Saudis may have been mounting a disinformation campaign to discredit someone who tried to help young Saudi women seek asylum in Germany.

In 2013 Abdulmohsen was fined for breaching the peace by making a series of threats, and his flat was searched by the police. Then the following year he threatened to carry out acts that would command “international attention” if he did not get the support he wanted, officials said.

At the time he was living in northern Germany, and in 2015 he is alleged to have made threats on a hotline that he would get hold of a gun and take revenge on judges in his previous cases, reports say.

By 2016 he was granted asylum apparently on the grounds of political persecution, and in recent years he has accused several people of being spies for the Saudi government, according to German reports, and was himself accused of defamation.

A picture has built up of a man who studied psychiatry and then worked from 2020 in a correctional facility for criminals in Bernburg, without being very good at his job.

His employer said he had been off work since October because of leave and illness, but a colleague told the local Mitteldeutsche Zeitung” (MZ) they called him “Dr Google” because he always had to check his diagnosis online first.

In the meantime he was active on social media, promoting conspiracy theories regarding an alleged plot by German authorities to Islamicise Europe, and re-tweeting posts from the leader of the AfD and a far-right activist.

He maintained a website designed to help ex-Muslims flee the Gulf region. It carries the message in English as well as Arabic: “My advice: do not seek asylum in Germany.”

He gave several interviews, including to the BBC and most recently German news magazine Die Zeit last year. The man who interviewed him, Christian Fuchs, said it was clear he no longer trusted the authorities and “had a manic personality”.

Nancy Faeser told German newspaper Bild that investigators would examine “in detail” what information authorities had on Abdulmohsen in the past and how he had been investigated.

The German Office for Migration and Refugees announced in a post on social media that it had fielded a complaint about the suspect, which it had “taken seriously”, but as the office was not an investigative body, it had referred the complainant to other authorities.

At 19:02 on Friday evening (18:02 GMT), the first call to emergency services was made.

The caller reported that a car had driven into a crowd at a Christmas market in the middle of Magdeburg.

The caller assumed it was an accident, police said, but it soon became clear this was not the case.

The driver, police said, had used traffic lights to turn off the road and on to a pedestrian crossing, leading him through an entry point to the market which was reserved for emergency vehicles, injuring a number of people on the way.

Footage showed the driver speeding the vehicle through a pedestrian walkway between Christmas stalls.

Eyewitnesses described jumping out of the car’s path, fleeing or hiding.

Police said the driver then returned to the road the way he came in and was forced to stop in traffic. Officers already at the market were able to apprehend and arrest the driver here.

Footage showed armed police confronting and arresting a man who can be seen lying on the ground next to a stationary vehicle – a black BMW with significant damage to its front bumper and windscreen.

The entire incident was over in three minutes, police said.

A nine-year-old boy, André Gleissner, and four women aged 45, 52, 67 and 75 are confirmed to have died in the attack.

More than 200 people were injured and at least 41 of those are in a critical condition.

The Schöppenstedt fire department paid tribute to Gleissner, in a Facebook post.

The fire department said the nine-year-old was a member of the children’s fire brigade in Warle – about an hour’s drive from Magdeburg.

Analysis by BBC Verify of videos showing fighters boasting of a massacre and later mocking survivors has identified those responsible as apparently belonging to Sudan’s paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

The BBC has confirmed that at least 80 people died in the October attack on al-Seriha in Gezira state, with the UN reporting that the death toll could be as high as 124. An eyewitness told BBC Verify he saw unarmed civilians gunned down by fighters at close range as they tried to flee.

The massacre appears to have been prompted by the defection of a senior RSF commander in Gezira state to the country’s armed forces.

In a statement to the BBC, an RSF spokesman denied its fighters were involved in the killings adding that “the Rapid Support Forces work to protect civilians and promote security and peace, and not to target them.”

The brutal conflict, a 20-month power struggle pitting Sudan’s military authorities against their former RSF allies, has been condemned by human rights groups for widespread atrocities committed by both sides.

Warning: This story contains detailed descriptions of killings and images of dead bodies, which some readers may find distressing.

On 20 October, the Sudanese military announced that Abu Aqla Keikal, a senior commander with the RSF in Gezira state, had defected to them along with a sizeable number of his forces.

Keikal’s decision to return to the Sudanese army, where he’d served before the war, was hailed as a major propaganda success, and other RSF soldiers were urged to do the same as part of a wider amnesty offer.

Shortly after Keikal’s defection, fighters launched a series of at least 69 reprisal attacks on towns and villages in Gezira state between 20 October and 4 November, according data recorded by the war monitoring organisation Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED).

BBC Verify has investigated one of these attacks in detail, using eye-witness testimony, satellite imagery, video footage and photographs, to understand what happened.

Mohammad Ismail was attending dawn prayers at a local mosque on 25 October when he heard the fighters approaching the outskirts of al-Seriha, a town of around 15,000 people, 90km (60 miles) south of Sudan’s capital, Khartoum.

He told the BBC that he ran home to protect his family as the violence erupted all around.

Gunmen had climbed up onto a mosque, he said, and were shooting “at whatever moved” below.

Many people were shot while trying to escape, he said. Others were gunned down at close range in the fields surrounding the town. Many of his family members were among the dead.

BBC Verify has obtained a series of videos filmed by fighters themselves, boasting of their actions and calling out to Keikal, the former RSF commander, to see for himself what they were doing to the people from his area.

In one, troops with RSF insignia are seen celebrating their attack on the town and of killing locals. The circular insignia seen on their right shoulders, also visible in some other clips, has a black outline, a curved representation of the Sudanese flag and a round logo above this – the symbol used by the RSF.

We have confirmed that this video was filmed in al-Seriha by comparing buildings and other elements within the videos with satellite imagery of the town.

In one of the videos, a fighter displays his wristwatch to the camera, showing the date as 25 October – and repeating it out loud – the date of the massacre in al-Seriha.

Mr Ismail also told the BBC that when they came to the town, he recognised some of the fighters involved in the attack as former residents who had signed up to fight with the RSF.

He also said he saw two commanders known to be senior RSF leaders in the area. BBC Verify put images of some RSF fighters through facial recognition software in an attempt to identify the individuals, but these searches returned no matches.

The troops left locals in no doubt that the massacre had been carried out in response to Keikal’s defection.

In one video a guard says in Arabic: “Keikal … look these are your people.”

We were able to match landmarks in this video such as trees and the shape of nearby buildings seen in the videos to satellite images of al-Seriha.

In a further video – which couldn’t be geolocated but first appeared online on 26 October – men wearing military fatigues with RSF insignia talk about Keikal’s defection and refer to “traitors” in Gezira state. They specifically mentioned al- Seriha, adding that the town would get what it deserved.

At several points in the video, they refer to themselves using the Arabic word “ashawis” meaning the “brave ones”, a term used by RSF fighters to identify themselves.

When BBC Verify approached the RSF for comment, they denied those seen in the clips were their troops. “You can easily obtain a Rapid Support Forces uniform and wear it… then commit crimes against civilians, to criminalise the Rapid Support Forces,” a spokesperson for the group said.

While it’s not possible to rule this out, the BBC has seen three separate videos filmed by the fighters themselves, in which RSF insignia can be seen on the uniforms of those involved.

A report by Human Rights Watch into the attacks on al-Sehira and other towns in Gezira state since Keikal’s defection on 20 October, identified the RSF as the perpetrators.

On 29 October, the UN issued a statement condemning the killings in al-Seriha and other towns in Gezira state and identifying the RSF as being responsible for these attacks.

The BBC has obtained four separate videos of the aftermath of the attack on al-Seriha. They are very graphic and show bodies lined up in the courtyard of a mosque, covered with shrouds and blankets. The earliest versions of these videos appeared online on 26 October.

BBC Verify has established that the image below was taken in the courtyard of the mosque by matching key features, including the steel gate and a satellite dish in the background, to an image of the mosque from Google maps.

BBC Verify studied the video and photographic evidence, counting at least 82 bodies laid out on beds or on the floor.

The UN has said that 124 people died the reprisal killings in al-Seriha. A local civil society group, the Gezira Congress, says that figure could be as high as 140.

Another piece of evidence uncovered by the BBC Verify investigation is the appearance of freshly-dug earth mounds in the town cemetery.

Mr Ismail had told us that a mass grave had been dug in the graveyard.

In satellite photos captured after the attack, these mounds can be seen in a previously unused section of the cemetery. They are not present in satellite images taken in May.

Nathaniel Raymond, Executive Director at the Yale’s Humanitarian Research Lab told the BBC that in a separate image taken on 30 October, the graves appear to have been recently dug given the distinct shape of the mounds and the colour of the surrounding earth. In the graphic above, we’ve shown a satellite image from 6 December which more clearly shows the cemetery.

“These two indicators tell us that the mounds had not been there for likely more than a few days because the edges of the mounds over time will smoothen and become more blurry because of wind and dust,” he said.

While the BBC cannot verify how many people may be buried in the new section of the cemetery, the size of the earth mounds measured against the nearby white building suggests many bodies could have been buried there.

Once the initial shooting was over and the troops had taken control of the town, the surviving men were rounded up and detained.

BBC Verify has obtained videos of these detentions and abductions.

In one, at least 60 people can be seen sitting or standing against a wall being watched by the armed fighters.

Some of the captives appear to be elderly, and many are wearing what seem to be bloodstained white robes.

At one point in the video, the fighters taunt their captives, calling them dogs and making animal noises.

“Say baa, you dogs, say baa, say baa. You dare again to take up arms, don’t mess with the Rapid Support Forces.”

BBC Verify has confirmed this was filmed at the north-western part of the town by matching distinctive features shown on satellite maps. In particular, there is a corrugated iron structure visible which can also be seen on satellite imagery captured on 30 October.

Others are seen walking in a line with their arms raised. Footage later shows the fighters mocking their captives, with residents forced to make animal noises while the fighters laugh and look on.

Another group of men were later marched past the fighters with their hands behind their backs.

As the group file past, one fighter recognisable from earlier clips again mocks the men.

“Did we defeat al-Seriha,” the fighter asks the captives, before repeatedly saying: “Did we do well?”

Elmubir Mahmoud, secretary-general of the Gezira Congress, told the BBC the fighters took 150 hostages away with them after they left the town. He said that at least 11 captives – including a three-year-old girl – have since been killed. BBC Verify cannot confirm this.

But testimony given to us by town resident Mohammad Ismail suggests that survivors were forced to pay ransoms for the release of their family members. He said their captors had demanded between US$100 and US$1,000.

The activities of the RSF and the Sudanese military in Gezira state have attracted international condemnation, with the UN and human rights groups expressing outrage.

In a statement, the US Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield urged countries to cease providing arms to both sides of the war. She said supplies were prolonging the conflict.

“The people of Sudan have endured hell,” she said. “They deserve safety, dignity, and justice. They deserve to live.”

What do you want BBC Verify to investigate?

He had a licence to charm on screen, with his sultry voice and suave, chiselled good looks. But in private, actor Sir Roger Moore – who played James Bond in seven films – was equally as comfortable behind the camera.

A new BBC documentary to air on Christmas Day will reveal never-before-seen home video footage, filmed by Sir Roger himself, of his family and very famous friends – including actor Kirk Douglas and singer Olivia Newton-John.

A young Sir Elton John is also spotted descending from the skies in a helicopter ready for lunch with Sir Roger and other celebrity guests – the likes of Joan Collins and David Attenborough.

Sir Roger’s son Geoffrey, who found the old video cassettes in the cupboards and garage at his family’s home in Switzerland, remembers the gathering in France well.

He played a game of tennis with Sir Elton, he recalls, in an exclusive interview for BBC News, before the singer flew off to Cannes to film the music video for his hit song, I’m Still Standing.

Sir Roger also got behind the camera to film much more intimate occasions with his three children – Geoffrey, Deborah and Christian – and their mother, his third wife, Italian actress Luisa Mattioli.

Bringing the memories of the past back to life again on screen proved poignant for Geoffrey and his siblings.

“I think the way he was just filming was as any father would film his children. It was just a family guy recording, documenting a time,” says Geoffrey.

“I think it was also because [the camera] was a new toy, so he wanted to use it.”

Growing up, being surrounded by stars from the silver screen was normal for Geoffrey.

“I mean [Frank] Sinatra was very close to the family and we used to spend a lot of Thanksgivings and Easters together. Kirk Douglas, Cary Grant, Gregory Peck, they were all very, very dear friends.”

Sir Roger’s daughter Deborah remembers her father couldn’t keep up with Frank Sinatra’s drinking and would secretly pour his whisky into the plant pots.

The family would watch comedy duo Morecambe and Wise on TV on a Friday night, says Geoffrey, and then Eric and Ernie would come over for Sunday lunch.

He also remembers meeting Clint Eastwood and Sean Connery – the first James Bond – as well as stars from Hollywood’s golden age, such as Fred Astaire and Olivia De Havilland.

“I mean, if I think about how lucky we were… to the point where even Roger would say, ‘Goodness, look at that, we’ve got Gene Kelly sitting there. Isn’t that wonderful!'”.

But despite being surrounded by stardom, Sir Roger was very “self-deprecating”, says Geoffrey.

“I always say, the bigger the talent, the smaller the limousine. And he was incredibly humble,” he says.

At the end of a day’s filming, Sir Roger would simply enjoy watching TV with his family in his dressing gown and slippers.

“His treat was baked beans on toast,” says Geoffrey. “He didn’t need caviar.”

Sir Roger came from humble beginnings. He grew up in Stockwell in south London. His father was a police officer and his mother worked in a tearoom. He crafted his aristocratic English accent at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (Rada) and earned money modelling knitting patterns.

His big break came in 1962, playing Simon Templar in the TV series, The Saint.

Geoffrey recalls the phone call his father received when he found out he had been chosen to take over the role of Britain’s most famous secret agent.

The last three digits of Sir Roger’s phone number just happened to be 007.

“He answered the phone with ‘007’, because that’s what you do, and the voice said, ‘That you are Roger,'” says Geoffrey.

Sean Connery was the closest to author Ian Fleming’s depiction of the character in his spy novels, says Geoffrey, as in “I’m going to sleep with you and kill your boss tomorrow”.

“Whereas, Roger didn’t want to fire a gun really,” says Geoffrey, “he just sort of killed them with charm.”

He always had a very sardonic approach, says Geoffrey, and that was his interpretation, he adds.

“Let’s make James Bond Roger Moore,” he says, “[as] opposed to Roger having to play a hired gun who is licensed to kill. And I think he was more like ‘licensed to thrill.'”

This took an enormous amount of talent, says Geoffrey.

Of the Bond films that starred Sir Roger, Geoffrey says his father’s favourite was The Spy Who Loved Me.

Growing up on movie sets was fantastic, recalls Geoffrey, but having James Bond as your father attracted quite a bit of attention on the school run.

When Sir Roger came to pick him up from school one day, he remembers the car was suddenly surrounded by pupils – keen to catch a glimpse of the star.

“I thought, ‘Oh, okay, he’s known, I’m not the only one that sees him on the box,'” he says.

But living in the public eye could be difficult when there was a scandal.

Geoffrey recalls a phone call his father made to him one morning, letting him know the papers had got hold of the story that he was leaving his mother.

“I said, ‘Well, thanks for the heads up! How long have I got?'” says Geoffrey.

The press had already surrounded his mother’s house. It creates “a small scar to see that your pain is exposed,” says Geoffrey. “I think that’s the worst part of being famous.”

After his split from Luisa, Sir Roger went on to marry his fourth wife, Kristina Tholstrup, otherwise known as Kiki. He had also been previously married to actress and professional ice skater Doorn van Steyn and singer Dorothy Squires.

Sir Roger died in 2017 at the age of 89. In his later years, actress Audrey Hepburn had asked him to take on her humanitarian work for the children’s charity Unicef, says Geoffrey.

“It says a lot about his love for humanity, his love for children. And that, I think, is probably his greatest role.”

From Roger Moore with Love will be broadcast on Wednesday 25 December at 21:00 GMT on BBC Two and BBC iPlayer.

On the night of 9 December, a 34-year-old Indian man killed himself. Next to his body was a placard reading “justice is due”.

Atul Subhash left a detailed 24-page suicide note and an 81-minute video in which he blamed the trouble in his marriage and divorce proceedings.

The letter and the video, which contain distressing details about his life, have gone viral on social media and caused outrage.

The software engineer from the southern city of Bengaluru accused his estranged wife Nikita Singhania, her mother and brother of sustained harassment and torture – accusations they denied. The three were arrested a few days later and a court has remanded them for 14 days.

News of Subhash’s tragic death has also galvanised men’s rights activists and started a wider debate around India’s tough dowry law which was designed to protect women from harassment and even murder. Singhania had accused Subhash and his family of harassing her for dowry.

Many argue that with cases of divorce steadily rising, the law is now being misused by women to harass their husbands, even forcing them to kill themselves. India’s top court has also weighed in, with one judge describing it as “legal terrorism” that was “intended to be used as a shield and not as an assassin’s weapon”.

Women’s activists, however, point out that demands for large dowry payments from husbands’ families still continues to kill thousands of women every year.

Subhash and Singhania married in 2019, but had been living apart for three years and Subhash said he was not allowed to meet their four-year-old son. His wife, he alleged, had filed “false court cases”, accusing him of cruelty, dowry harassment and various other wrongdoings.

In the video, he accused the Singhania family of “extortion” and said they had demanded 30m rupees ($352,675; £279,661) to withdraw the cases, 3m rupees for visitation rights to their son and asked to raise the monthly maintenance from 40,000 rupees to 200,000 rupees.

He then spoke about the dozens of long trips he made over the past few years to attend court hearings and accused a judge of harassment, seeking a bribe from him and mocking him. A notice which appears to have been issued by the judge refers to the allegations as “baseless, immoral and defamatory”.

News of the suicide prompted a firestorm of protests in several cities. Many took to social media to demand justice for Subhash.

• India: ‘I have been rejected by dozens of men over dowry’

They said his suicide should be treated as a case of murder and targetted Singhania, demanding she be arrested and sent to prison for life.

On X (formerly Twitter), thousands tagged the American multinational firm where she worked, demanding that they sack her.

Following the outrage, the police in Bengaluru opened an inquiry against those named in the suicide note. On 14 December, Singhania, her mother and brother were arrested on charges of “abetment to suicide”.

During interrogation, Singhania denied the allegation that she had been harassing Subhash for money, Times of India quoted the police as saying.

In the past, Singhania had also levelled grave charges against her husband. In her 2022 petition for divorce, she had accused him, his parents and brother of harassing her for dowry. She said they had been unhappy with the gifts her parents had given during the wedding and demanded an additional 1m rupees.

Dowries have been outlawed in India since 1961, but the bride’s family is still expected to gift cash, clothes and jewellery to the groom’s family. According to a recent study, 90% of Indian marriages involve them and payments between 1950 and 1999 amounted to a quarter of a trillion dollars.

And according to the National Crime Records Bureau, 35,493 brides were killed in India between 2017 and 2022 – an average of 20 women a day – over dowry demands, sometimes even years after the wedding. In 2022 alone, more than 6,450 brides were murdered over dowry – that’s an average of 18 women every day.

Singhania claimed that her father died from a heart attack soon after her wedding when Subhash’s parents went to him to demand the money. She also alleged that her husband used to threaten her and “beat me up after drinking alcohol and treated the husband-wife relationship like a beast” by demanding unnatural sex. Subhash had denied all the allegations.

• India top court orders changes in anti-dowry law to stop misuse

Police say they are still investigating the allegations and counter-allegations but Subhash’s suicide has led to growing calls to rewrite – even scrap – India’s stringent anti-dowry law – Section 498A of the India Penal Code.

The law was introduced in 1983 after a spate of dowry deaths in Delhi and elsewhere in the country. There were daily reports of brides being burnt to death by their husbands and in-laws and the murders were often passed off as “kitchen accidents”. Angry protests by female MPs and activists forced parliament to bring in the law.

As lawyer Sukriti Chauhan says, “the law had come after a long and hard fight” and “allows women to seek justice in cases of cruelty in their matrimonial homes”.

But over the years, the law has repeatedly made headlines, with men’s activists saying it is being misused by women to harass their husbands and their relatives.

India’s top court has also warned against the misuse of the law on many occasions. On the day Subhash’s suicide was reported, the Supreme Court once again flagged – in an unrelated case – “the growing tendency to misuse the provision as a tool for unleashing personal vendetta against the husband and his family”.

Amit Deshpande, founder of Mumbai-based men’s rights organisation Vaastav Foundation, says the law is being used “mostly to extort men” and that “there are thousands of others who are suffering like Subhash”.

Their helpline number, he says, receives about 86,000 calls every year and most cases are about matrimonial disputes that include false dowry cases and attempts at extortion.

“A cottage industry has been built around the law. In each case, 18-20 people are named as accused and they all have to hire lawyers and go to court to seek bail. There have been cases where a two-month-old baby or an ill nonagenarian was named in dowry harassment complaints.

“I know these are extreme examples but the whole system enables this in some manner. Police, judiciary and politicians are turning a blind eye to our concerns,” he says.

Mr Deshpande says according to the government crime data for more than 50 years, a large majority of male suicides were by married men – and family discord was the reason for one in four suicides among them.

Patriarchy, he says, also works against men. “Women have recourse to laws and they get sympathy, but people laugh at men who are harassed or beaten by their wives. If Subhash was a woman he could have had recourse to certain laws. So, let’s make laws gender neutral and extend the same justice to men so lives can be saved.”

There should also be stringent punishment for those who misuse the law, otherwise this will not be a deterrent, he adds.

Ms Chauhan agrees that women who misuse the law should be punished, but argues that any law can be misused. The Bengaluru case is in court and if it is proven that it’s a false case, then she should be punished, she says.

“But I do not support it becoming gender neutral. The demand for that is regressive as it disregards the need for special measures that acknowledge that women are disproportionately impacted by violence.”

Those going after Section 498A, she says, are “driven by patriarchy and because it’s a law for women, attempts are made to strike it down”.

“It came after years of societal patriarchal injustice. And this patriarchy remains the reality of our generation and will continue for generations to come.”

Despite the law, she says, demand for dowry is rampant and thousands of brides continue to be killed over it.

The need of the hour, she adds, is to “make the law stronger”.

“If three out of 10 cases that are filed are false, then it is for the courts to impose penalty on them. But women are still suffering very much in this country so do not ask to repeal the law.”

BBC Action Line

If you have been affected by any of the issues raised in this story a list of groups offering help and advice is available from the BBC Action Line

If you asked TV viewers to name a favourite double act, chances are the two stars of Vengeance Most Fowl would be close to the top of the list.

It’s Wallace & Gromit’s first major appearance in over a decade, and the first film not to feature the voice of Peter Sallis as the cheese-loving inventor.

“It has been quite emotional [doing this production] since we lost Peter, he was such an original, unique voice,” says Nick Park of Sallis, who died in 2017 at the age of 96.

“So it’s very hard for anyone to step into his shoes. But we have been blessed with a youngish actor whom we’ve known for many years who can do a fantastic Wallace impersonation.

“He’s stepped in very kindly, and is just great. It’s hard to tell them apart.”

Take a bow, Ben Whitehead – the 47-year-old actor and voice artist says he feels honoured to be taking on the role. But also admits to feeling a degree of pressure.

“Enormous pressure!” he tells the BBC.

“Because it’s a very popular character. I got to work with Peter [Sallis] a couple of times for [2005’s] The Curse of the Were-Rabbit film.

“So yeah, there’s a great deal of pressure with that. And I feel very grateful to Aardman for giving me so much time to build the character.

“You kind of have to do the ‘hmm’ and the ‘hee-hee’,” he continues – demonstrating some Wallace-isms that sound indistinguishable from Peter Sallis’s Yorkshire tones.

“Definitely the elongation of the vowels like ‘cheeeeese’!”

Fans have been clamouring for more from the plasticine pair for years. So why now?

“Whenever we’ve done talks around the world, the last question is always, ‘When is the next Wallace & Gromit film?’, explains Park. “The last time we did that I just came home burning with this idea that’s been around for years.”

The idea was – what if Wallace created a pre-programmed, voice-controlled smart Gnome.

Enter Norbot, but of course regular viewers of Wallace & Gromit will be unsurprised to learn that the inventor’s well-intentioned idea, as usual, ends up causing mayhem.

This isn’t the only familiar element to appear in this latest story.

This new adventure also features an old villain, the criminal mastermind Feathers McGraw, a chicken-impersonating-penguin whom Wallace & Gromit – mostly Gromit – defeated in 1993’s The Wrong Trousers.

“Whenever we’re out and about talking about the future of Wallace & Gromit, the single most asked question is ‘when will Feathers be back?”, says Merlin Crossingham, who directs Vengeance Most Fowl alongside Nick Park.

“Everybody loves a villain, it’s often said your film is only as good as its villain, [so it] seemed a perfect opportunity to bring Feathers back for this story.”

Wallace & Gromit were first introduced to audiences with 1989’s A Grand Day Out. Since then their adventures have involved everything from malfunctioning clothing to mysterious were-rabbits.

“I think Wallace & Gromit have so many facets to their relationship,” says Crossingham.

“They are best pals. They’re kind of partners in crime, they’re man and dog. And hopefully in the films, their stories, and their relationship everybody young and old relates to them.

“I truly think it’s that relatability, not just of their simplicity of lifestyle from which madness erupts.

“But everybody somewhere in the stories connects with them on some level.

“And I think that what Nick has created, right back at the beginning with A Grand Day Out, has really struck a chord with people.”

The last time a new Wallace & Gromit adventure went out on Christmas Day was in 2008 with A Matter of Loaf and Death. It was day’s most-watched show, with more than 16 million viewers tuning in.

It was also the most-watched show of the entire year.

While it’s still possible that it could repeat that feat, it’s up against some extremely tough competition.

“Bring it on, Gavin & Stacey!” jokes Crossingham, acknowledging the huge popularity of the Essex and Barry-based comedy, whose finale also goes out on Christmas Day.

However while Gavin & Stacey might be reaching its conclusion, this definitely isn’t a finale for Wallace & Gromit.

“[It’s] certainly not the end,” says Nick Park. “I think there’s plenty of bounce still in their bungee.

“We’ll carry on. There’s always ideas worth kicking about.”

“Give us a minute though,” Interjects Merlin. “They take a while to make!”

On a hill overlooking the city of Palermo, in Sicily, sits a lesser-known gem of Italian art: the cathedral of Monreale.

Built in the 12th century under Norman rule, it boasts Italy’s largest Byzantine-style mosaics, second in the world only to those of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul.

Now, this Unesco World Heritage site has undergone an extensive restoration to bring it back to its former glory.

The Monreale mosaics were meant to impress, humble and inspire the visitor who walked down the central nave, following the fashion of Constantinople, the capital of the surviving Roman empire in the east.

They span over 6,400 sq m and contain about 2.2kg of solid gold.

The restoration lasted over a year, and in that time the cathedral was turned into a bit of a building site, with a maze of scaffolds set up on the altar and transept.

Local experts from the Italian Ministry of Culture led a series of interventions, starting with the removal of a thick layer of dust that had accumulated on the mosaics over the years.

Then they repaired some of the tiles that had lost their enamel and gold leaf, making them look like black spots from down below.

Finally, they intervened in the areas where the tiles were peeling off the wall and secured them.

Working on the mosaics was a challenge and a big responsibility, says Father Nicola Gaglio.

He has been a priest here for 17 years and has followed the restoration closely, not unlike an apprehensive dad.

“The team approached this work almost on their tiptoes,” he tells me.

“At times, there were some unforeseen issues and they had to pause the operations while they found a solution.

“For example, when they got to the ceiling, they realised that in the past it had been covered with a layer of varnish that had turned yellowish. They had to peel it off, quite literally, like cling film.”

The mosaics were last partly restored in 1978 , but this time the intervention had a much wider scope and it included replacing the old lighting system.

“There was a very old system. The light was low, the energy costs were through the roof and in no way it made justice to the beauty of the mosaics,” says Matteo Cundari.

He’s the Country Manager of Zumtobel, the firm that was tasked with installing the new lights.

“The main challenge was to make sure we’d highlight the mosaics and we’d create something that answers to the various needs of the cathedral,” he adds.

“We also wanted to create a completely reversible system, something that could be replaced in 10 or 15 years without damaging the building.”

This first tranche of works cost 1.1 million euros. A second one, focussing on the central nave, is being planned next.

I ask Fr Gaglio what it was like to see the scaffolding finally come off and the mosaics shine in their new light. He laughs and shrugs.

“When you see it, you’re overwhelmed with awe and you can’t really think of anything. It’s pure beauty,” he says.

“It’s a responsibility to be the keeper of such world heritage. This world needs beauty, because it reminds us of what’s good in humanity, of what it means to be men and women.”

Whether it’s opening presents or the long-awaited Christmas dinner, the festive season involves plenty of things that could go wrong.

It’s the little things that count at this time of year – and your etiquette is no exception.

The BBC has chatted with experts about potentially awkward moments you might face over the next few days, so you can try to avoid them.

A common festive issue is getting a present you do not like. Is it best to tell the person who gave it to you, or lie that you love it?

It depends on how well you know the person who gave you the gift, according to Rupert Wesson from professional coaching company Debrett’s.

“There are some people [to whom] you can say the gift isn’t for you, and for some you have to smile and tell them a little white lie that you like it,” he tells the BBC.

But whatever you do, “don’t make a funny face” at the gift when you open it, warns etiquette coach Laura Windsor.

“Just pretend you do [like it], and make a little comment on how useful the gift will be,” she says. “The etiquette is always to be kind.”

Both etiquette coaches say it’s fine to give an unwanted present to charity or re-gift it for someone else in the future.

Mr Wesson suggests you should “always” keep a gift receipt when buying a present just in case – and he has these words of reassurance: “We can’t all be perfect at buying exactly the right thing.”

While the cost of turkey and Brussels sprouts have gone down this year, the price of root vegetables has gone up and some families are feeling the pinch this winter.

Ms Windsor advises that you can make a “Christmas pot” that everyone contributes to ahead of the big day.

Alternatively, she says you could ask each guest – or family member – to buy an item of food or drink each.

“There’s no shame in this day and age in saying: ‘I’m getting people together for Christmas, would you be able to provide this?’,” Mr Wesson adds.

Sometimes petty arguments can flare up when the whole family is together – perhaps having eaten or drunk too much.

Ms Windsor says “don’t take it personally, just try to smooth it over,” adding that you should not give people the “power to keep them complaining”.

She advises to try and change the topic of conversation, but to avoid difficult subjects.

“You’ve got to keep the conversation upbeat.”

If there are any existing tensions among the guests ahead of 25 December, Mr Wesson suggests attempting to address them upfront when you’re putting together your plans before Christmas Day.

“Almost make the invitation [to guests or extended family] conditional that someone isn’t going to kick off,” he says.

Ms Windsor advises against saying “thank you” to the host too much as it “loses its value”.

She suggests showing your appreciation to the host in other ways, including offering to help them with anything, bringing a gift for them – such as a bottle of wine or a plant – and mingling with other guests.

“Mix it up a bit by complimenting them on the quality of the food,” Mr Wesson says.

“Appreciation of how good the food is goes a long way.”

Both etiquette experts advise sending a thank you note to the host after Christmas Day which is something that Mr Wesson calls “the gold standard of thank yous”.

If you have dietary requirements, such as being vegetarian or vegan, let whoever is hosting your Christmas dinner know ahead of time and not on 25 December, Ms Windsor stresses.

“It’s about prevention, preventing discord – everything has to be organised beforehand,” she says.

Mr Wesson adds: “It does fall to the host to really identify what the requirements are and then the host can plan.”

Ms Windsor says that if there is any tension between people about the dietary requirements, “be empathetic” but stop the conversation.

“If they make a non-cordial remark, don’t take it to heart.”

If your stomach is growling for Christmas dinner and you’re growing impatient at how long it’s taking to cook, Mr Wesson suggests you could offer to help.

“Then you’re going to find the lay of the land and maybe suggest we can share something [to eat ahead of Christmas dinner],” he says.

But when you’re finally tucking into the dinner, what do you do if you don’t like it?

Say “yes” when asked if you’re enjoying the food, Ms Windsor says.

“If you don’t want to eat it, leave it,” she adds – and you could always just say you’ve “had enough” to eat.

Mr Wesson advises to “try and draw as little attention” as possible to the fact you are not eating the meal.

To prevent this situation happening, try to see if the host will let everyone plate up their own food and then “don’t pile too much on” in case you dislike it.

Work, childcare, school – lots of things in life can get in the way and cause you to miss the cut-off date for sending Christmas cards and presents in time for 25 December.

Ms Windsor says organisation is “very, very important” because it shows that “you’ve put a lot of thought and put in the time and effort to make sure they get it in time for Christmas”.

However, she says that you have to “take into account people’s daily situation”.

Mr Wesson says that “better late than never is the way ahead” but advises people to send a message to whoever the card or present is addressed to, letting them know it is on the way and apologise for the lateness.

Christmas Day all comes down to preparation – both organising the day and planning around family relationships, Mr Wesson says.

“It’s trying to expect the best but also accept the possibility things might go a little awry,” he says.

“Often these things aren’t really that serious and often doesn’t ruin the whole day.”

“The golden rule: treat others as you’d like to be treated,” Ms Windsor adds. “You won’t go wrong with that.”

When Syrian rebel leader Ahmed al-Sharaa arrived in Damascus and gave a victory speech on the heels of a lightning military campaign that swept through the country and toppled Bashar al-Assad’s regime, one remark went widely unnoticed. That was his reference to an illegal narcotic that has flooded the Middle East over the past 10 years.

“Syria has become the biggest producer of Captagon on earth,” he said. “And today, Syria is going to be purified by the grace of God.”

Mostly unknown outside of the Middle East, Captagon is an addictive, amphetamine-like pill, sometimes called “poor man’s cocaine”.

Its production has proliferated in Syria amid an economy broken by war, sanctions and the mass displacement of Syrians abroad. Authorities in neighbouring countries have struggled to cope with the smuggling of huge quantities of pills across their borders.

All the evidence pointed to Syria being the main source of Captogan’s illicit trade with an annual value placed at $5.6bn (£4.5bn) by the World Bank.

At the scale that the pills were being produced and dispatched, the suspicion was that this was not simply the work of criminal gangs – but of an industry orchestrated by the regime itself.

Weeks on from the speech by al-Sharaa (previously known by his nom de guerre of Abu Mohammed al-Jolani), spectacular images have emerged that suggest the suspicion was correct.

Videos filmed by Syrians raiding properties allegedly owned by relatives of Assad show rooms full of pills being made and packaged, hidden in fake industrial products.

Other footage shows piles of pills found in what appears to be a Syrian military airbase, set on fire by the rebels.

I spent a year investigating Captagon for a BBC World Service documentary and saw how the drug became as popular among the wealthy youth of Gulf countries like Saudi Arabia as it was among the working class in countries like Jordan.

“I was 19 years old, I started taking Captagon and my life started to fall apart,” Yasser, a young male addict in a rehab clinic told us in Jordan’s capital, Amman. “I started hanging out with people who take this thing. You work, you live without food, so the body is a wreck.”

So how will al-Sharaa and his group, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), deal with the large number of people in Syria and around the Middle East addicted to Captagon who may suddenly find themselves without a supply?

Caroline Rose, an expert on Syrian drug trafficking at the New Lines Institute, has concerns around this. “My fear is that they will really crack down on supply and not necessarily try to do any sort of demand reduction.”

But there is a broader question at play too: that is, what effect will the loss of such a lucrative trade have on Syria’s economy? And as those behind it move aside, how will al-Sharaa keep at bay any other criminals waiting in the wings to replace them?

The proliferation of Captagon pushed the Middle East into a genuine narco-war.

While filming with the Jordanian army on their desert border with Syria, we saw how the soldiers had reinforced their fences and learned about their comrades who had been killed in shoot-outs with Captagon smugglers. They accused the Syrian soldiers across the border of aiding the smugglers.

Other countries in the region have been just as disturbed by the trade.

For a while, Saudi Arabia suspended imports of fruit and vegetables from Lebanon because authorities were frequently finding shipping containers full of produce like pomegranates which had been hollowed out and filled with bags of Captagon pills.

We filmed in five countries, including in regime-held and rebel-held Syria, consulted well-placed sources, and gained access to confidential records from court cases in Germany and Lebanon.

We were able to name two major parties as having their hands in the trade – Assad’s extended family and the Syrian armed forces, in particular its Fourth Division, led by Assad’s brother, Maher.

Maher al-Assad was perhaps the most powerful man in Syria aside from his brother.

He was sanctioned by many Western powers for the violence he wrought against protesters during the pro-democracy uprising in 2011 that precipitated the bloody civil war. The French judiciary has also issued an international arrest warrant for him and his brother for their alleged responsibility in chemical weapons attacks in Syria in 2013.

Gaining access to the WhatsApp chats of a Captagon trader imprisoned in Lebanon, we were able to implicate Maher al-Assad’s Fourth Division and his second-in-command, General Ghassan Bilal.

The revelation was a huge milestone in confirming the role of Syria’s armed forces and Bashar al-Assad’s inner circle in the trade.

Seeing the recent images of demoralised Syrian army troops fleeing without a fight as the rebels advanced, I was reminded of an interview we conducted with a regime soldier last year.

He told us his monthly army pay of $30 (£24) barely covered three days of food for his family, so his unit became involved in criminality and Captagon.

“It’s what brings most of the money now,” he said.

In May 2023, the Arab League agreed to re-admit Syria 12 years after it was expelled for violently suppressing the popular uprising. It was seen as a diplomatic coup for Assad, using promises to tackle the Captagon trade as leverage to be rehabilitated.

Now, as Syria’s rebel leaders consolidate their power over the organs of state, it seems they are fully aware of positive signals they are sending to wary neighbouring states when they promise to crack down on the Captagon trade.

But it might be a steeper task for them to wrest the country away from a lucrative criminal enterprise after so many years when it was encouraged by the state itself.

Issam Al Reis was a major engineer in the Syrian army until he defected at the beginning of the uprising against the Assad regime, and has spent time investigating the Captagon trade. He believes that HTS will not need to do much to stop the trade initially “because the main players have left” and there’s already been a dramatic drop in Captagon exports – but he warns that “new guys” might be waiting in the wings to take over.

This will be particularly problematic if the demand side isn’t tackled too. There is little evidence of investment in rehabilitation from the time HTS controlled Idlib province in north-west Syria, according to Ms Rose. “[There was a] very poor picture for trying to address Captagon consumption,” she says.

She also says there has already been an uptick in another drug being trafficked through Syria.

“I think many users will seek out crystal meth as an alternative, especially users who have already established a tolerance to Captagon and need something that’s a bit more strong.”

The other problem, as Mr Al Reis points out, is a financial one. As he puts it: “Syrians need the money.”

His hope is that the international community will help prevent people entering the drug trade through humanitarian aid and easing sanctions.

But Ms Rose argues the new leaders will need to identify “new and alternative economic pathways to encourage Syrians to participate in the licit formal economy.”

While the kingpins have fled, many of those involved in manufacturing and smuggling the drug remain inside the country, she said.

“And old habits die hard.”

Slovakia’s Prime Minister Robert Fico has made a surprise visit to Moscow for talks with Vladimir Putin – becoming only the third Western leader to meet the Russian president since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine three years ago.

Fico – a vocal critic of the European Union’s support for Kyiv in the war – said they discussed supplies of Russian gas to Slovakia – which his country relies on.

A deal with Russian gas giant Gazprom to transit energy through Ukraine to Slovakia is due to expire at the end of this year and Ukraine has signalled its intention not to renew it.

Fico says Vladimir Putin has been “wrongly demonised” by the West.

His visit marks a departure from the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy which all member states are expected to abide by.

Under this framework, the EU has imposed multiple rounds of sanctions against Russia since Putin launched the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.

Only Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban – another Putin ally – and Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer have broken ranks with their EU counterparts to travel to Moscow.

“Top EU officials were informed about my journey and its purpose… on Friday,” Fico wrote on Facebook.

He added that Putin had confirmed he would be willing to continue to supply gas to Slovakia, although the Slovak leader said this would be “practically impossible” with Ukraine refusing to renew the gas transit deal.

Fico, who survived being shot earlier this year, also said he had discussed “the possibilities of an early, peaceful end of the war” and mutual relations between Russia and Slovakia.

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters it was a “complicated situation”, adding Russian gas is “necessary for the normal operation” of certain European countries’ economies.

Fico’s visit has gone down badly with opposition parties at home and with Slovakia’s neighbouring EU and Nato ally, the Czech Republic.

Czech Foreign Minister Jan Lipavsky said his government had secured energy independence from Russia, and he was thinking of Ukrainians who could not spend Christmas with their loved ones because of Putin.

In Bratislava, Michal Simecka of Progressive Slovakia said Fico had made his country a tool for the Russian leader’s propaganda and his trip was a “disgrace for Slovakia and a betrayal of national interests”.

Erik Kalinak, an MEP for Fico’s Smer party, defended the prime minister’s visit, saying he was merely trying to secure cheap gas imports for Slovakia.

The visit was also defended by the environment minister Tomas Taraba and the far-right Slovak National Party.

• Russia sanctions: What impact have they had on its oil and gas exports?
• Watch BBC challenge Putin on his 25 years in power in Russia

Slovakia and Hungary, which both depend on Russian gas, have raised concerns about the prospect of supplies being interrupted.

In October 2023, when Fico became prime minister again, he ended Slovakia’s military aid to Ukraine.

But, he has insisted he wants to be a “good, friendly neighbour” to Kyiv.

Fico’s meeting with Putin came as the leaders of Italy, Sweden, Greece and Finland met on Sunday for a security summit.

Speaking afterwards, Finland’s Prime Minister Petteri Orpo said Russia was a “permanent and dangerous threat” to the EU.

He also stressed the need for increased defence spending and support for Ukraine.

President-elect Donald Trump has demanded Panama reduce fees on the Panama Canal or return it to US control, accusing the central American country of charging “exorbitant prices” to American shipping and naval vessels.

“The fees being charged by Panama are ridiculous, highly unfair,” he told a crowd of supporters in Arizona on Sunday.

“This complete rip-off of our country will immediately stop,” he said, referring to when he takes office next month.

His remarks prompted a quick rebuke from Panama’s president, who said “every square metre” of the canal and surrounding area belong to his country.

President José Raúl Mulino added that Panama’s sovereignty and independence were non-negotiable.

Trump made the comments to supporters of Turning Point USA, a conservative activist group that provided significant support to his 2024 election campaign.

It was a rare example of a US leader saying he could push a country to hand over territory – although he did not explain how he would do so – and a sign of how American foreign policy and diplomacy may shift once he enters the White House following his inauguration on 20 January.

Trump’s comments followed a similar post a day earlier in which he said the Panama Canal was a “vital national asset” for the US.

If shipping rates are not lowered, Trump said on Sunday, “we will demand that the Panama Canal be returned to us, in full, quickly and without question”.

The 51-mile (82km) Panama Canal cuts across the central American nation and is the main link between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

• Can the Panama Canal save itself?
• Will Trump’s victory spark a global trade war?

It was built in the early 1900s and the US maintained control over the canal zone until 1977, when treaties gradually ceded the land back to Panama. After a period of joint control, Panama took sole control in 1999.

Up to 14,000 ships cross the canal per year, including container ships carrying cars, natural gas and other goods, and military vessels.

As well as Panama, the president-elect also took aim at Canada and Mexico over what he called unfair trade practices. He accused them of allowing drugs and immigrants into the US, although he called Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum a “wonderful woman”.

Trump made his remarks in front of thousands at Turning Point’s annual conference, one of the country’s largest gatherings of conservative activists.

Turning Point poured huge resources into get-out-the-vote efforts in swing states designed to bolster Trump and other Republicans during the election campaign.

It was his first speech since a deal passed Congress this week to keep the US government open, after several provisions were removed including one that would have increased the country’s debt ceiling.

Trump had supported raising the debt ceiling, which restricts the amount of money the US government can borrow.

But his speech on Sunday avoided that issue entirely, instead recapping his election victory and hitting on themes – including immigration, crime and foreign trade – that were mainstays of his campaign.

He did, however, mention Elon Musk.

“You know, they’re on a new kick,” he said. “All the different hoaxes. The new one is that President Trump has ceded the presidency to Elon Musk.”

“No, no, that’s not happening,” he said. “He’s not gonna be president.”

Several speakers here at the conference were critical of government spending and of politicians in both parties – however the divisions inside the Republican Party which have played out in Congress in recent days were mostly muted.

If you asked TV viewers to name a favourite double act, chances are the two stars of Vengeance Most Fowl would be close to the top of the list.

It’s Wallace & Gromit’s first major appearance in over a decade, and the first film not to feature the voice of Peter Sallis as the cheese-loving inventor.

“It has been quite emotional [doing this production] since we lost Peter, he was such an original, unique voice,” says Nick Park of Sallis, who died in 2017 at the age of 96.

“So it’s very hard for anyone to step into his shoes. But we have been blessed with a youngish actor whom we’ve known for many years who can do a fantastic Wallace impersonation.

“He’s stepped in very kindly, and is just great. It’s hard to tell them apart.”

Take a bow, Ben Whitehead – the 47-year-old actor and voice artist says he feels honoured to be taking on the role. But also admits to feeling a degree of pressure.

“Enormous pressure!” he tells the BBC.

“Because it’s a very popular character. I got to work with Peter [Sallis] a couple of times for [2005’s] The Curse of the Were-Rabbit film.

“So yeah, there’s a great deal of pressure with that. And I feel very grateful to Aardman for giving me so much time to build the character.

“You kind of have to do the ‘hmm’ and the ‘hee-hee’,” he continues – demonstrating some Wallace-isms that sound indistinguishable from Peter Sallis’s Yorkshire tones.

“Definitely the elongation of the vowels like ‘cheeeeese’!”

Fans have been clamouring for more from the plasticine pair for years. So why now?

“Whenever we’ve done talks around the world, the last question is always, ‘When is the next Wallace & Gromit film?’, explains Park. “The last time we did that I just came home burning with this idea that’s been around for years.”

The idea was – what if Wallace created a pre-programmed, voice-controlled smart Gnome.

Enter Norbot, but of course regular viewers of Wallace & Gromit will be unsurprised to learn that the inventor’s well-intentioned idea, as usual, ends up causing mayhem.

This isn’t the only familiar element to appear in this latest story.

This new adventure also features an old villain, the criminal mastermind Feathers McGraw, a chicken-impersonating-penguin whom Wallace & Gromit – mostly Gromit – defeated in 1993’s The Wrong Trousers.

“Whenever we’re out and about talking about the future of Wallace & Gromit, the single most asked question is ‘when will Feathers be back?”, says Merlin Crossingham, who directs Vengeance Most Fowl alongside Nick Park.

“Everybody loves a villain, it’s often said your film is only as good as its villain, [so it] seemed a perfect opportunity to bring Feathers back for this story.”

Wallace & Gromit were first introduced to audiences with 1989’s A Grand Day Out. Since then their adventures have involved everything from malfunctioning clothing to mysterious were-rabbits.

“I think Wallace & Gromit have so many facets to their relationship,” says Crossingham.

“They are best pals. They’re kind of partners in crime, they’re man and dog. And hopefully in the films, their stories, and their relationship everybody young and old relates to them.

“I truly think it’s that relatability, not just of their simplicity of lifestyle from which madness erupts.

“But everybody somewhere in the stories connects with them on some level.

“And I think that what Nick has created, right back at the beginning with A Grand Day Out, has really struck a chord with people.”

The last time a new Wallace & Gromit adventure went out on Christmas Day was in 2008 with A Matter of Loaf and Death. It was day’s most-watched show, with more than 16 million viewers tuning in.

It was also the most-watched show of the entire year.

While it’s still possible that it could repeat that feat, it’s up against some extremely tough competition.

“Bring it on, Gavin & Stacey!” jokes Crossingham, acknowledging the huge popularity of the Essex and Barry-based comedy, whose finale also goes out on Christmas Day.

However while Gavin & Stacey might be reaching its conclusion, this definitely isn’t a finale for Wallace & Gromit.

“[It’s] certainly not the end,” says Nick Park. “I think there’s plenty of bounce still in their bungee.

“We’ll carry on. There’s always ideas worth kicking about.”

“Give us a minute though,” Interjects Merlin. “They take a while to make!”

The suspect accused of killing UnitedHealthCare CEO Brian Thompson has pleaded not guilty to New York state murder and terrorism charges.

Luigi Mangione, 26, appeared in court on Monday to be arraigned on 11 state criminal counts, including murder a crime of terrorism.

As well as the state-level charges, he is also accused of federal (national-level) stalking and murder offences that could lead to a death penalty sentence.

Prosecutors allege that Mr Mangione shot Mr Thompson in central Manhattan before going on the run. Authorities later arrested him at a McDonald’s in Pennsylvania.

Mr Mangione appeared in court on Monday wearing a maroon sweater, white-collared shirt and khaki pants.

In addition to a long stream of journalists waiting for the suspect to appear, members of the public – almost all of them young women – were in court, some of whom told CBS, the BBC’s US partner, that they were there to show their support.

Mr Mangione is facing 11 state criminal counts in New York, including first-degree murder and murder as a crime of terrorism.

If convicted of all the counts, he would face a mandatory sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole.

Federal prosecutors have also separately charged Mr Mangione for using a firearm to commit murder and interstate stalking resulting in death. Both charges could make him eligible for the death penalty.

He has yet to enter a plea on those charges.

Prosecutors have said the federal and state cases will move forward parallel with one another.

In court last week, Mr Mangione’s lawyer – Karen Friedman Agnifilo – said that the two sets of charges appear to conflict, with the state charges accusing him of seeking to “intimidate or coerce a civilian population” while the federal charges focus on crimes against an individual.

Ms Agnifilo said that the overlapping cases were “confusing” and “highly unusual”.

“I’ve never seen anything like what is happening here” in 30 years of practicing law, she said.

In court on Monday, she further told the judge that she believed that statements from government officials – including New York City Mayor Eric Adams – make her “very concerned about my client’s right to a fair trial”.

“This is a young man,” she said. “He is being treated like a human ping-pong ball between two warring jurisdictions here.”

She also accused state and federal authorities of treating Mr Mangione like “political fodder” and a “spectacle” by bringing back to New York by helicopter, surrounded by officials and armed guards, in full view of cameras and journalists.

The judge, Gregory Carro, said that he is unable to control what happens outside court, but vowed that Mr Mangione would receive a fair trial.

In response, the state’s prosecutor said that he had never seen a case with a “higher volume” of quality evidence.

The suspect is currently in federal custody at the Metropolitan Detention Center (MDC) Brooklyn after being returned to New York amid heavy security last week.

Authorities believe that Mr Mangione carried out a targeted killing of Mr Thompson, pointing to evidence that he was angry at the US healthcare industry.

The federal complaint notes that a notebook found in Mr Mangione’s possession expressed “hostility towards the health insurance industry and wealthy executives in particular.”

Some on social media praised Mr Mangione’s alleged crimes, often sharing their own anger at the US private healthcare system.

Speaking to CBS, the BBC’s US partner, on Sunday, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said that the online rhetoric has been “extraordinarily alarming”.

“It speaks of what is really bubbling here in this country,” he said. “And unfortunately we see that manifested in violence, the domestic violent extremism that exists.”

The British-born wife of deposed Syrian president Bashar al-Assad is not seeking a divorce, a Kremlin spokesman has said.

Reports in Turkish media had suggested Asma al-Assad wanted to end her marriage and leave Russia, where she and her husband were granted asylum after a rebel coalition overthrew the former president’s regime and took control of Damascus.

Asked about the reports in a news conference call, Dmitry Peskov said, “No, they do not correspond to reality.”

He also denied reports that Assad had been confined to Moscow and that his property assets had been frozen.

Russia was a staunch ally of the Assad regime and offered it military support during the civil war.

But reports in Turkish media on Sunday suggested the Assads were living under severe restrictions in the Russian capital, and that the former Syrian first lady had filed for divorce and wanted to return to London.

Mrs Assad is a dual Syrian-British national, but the UK foreign secretary has previously said she would not be allowed to return to Britain.

Speaking in parliament earlier this month, David Lammy said: “I want it confirmed that she’s a sanctioned individual and is not welcome here in the UK.”

He added he would do “everything I can in my power” to ensure no member of the Assad family “finds a place in the UK”.

In a statement attributed to Bashar al-Assad last week, he said he had never intended to flee Syria, but he was airlifted from a Russian military base at Moscow’s request.

Asma al-Assad, 49, was born in the UK to Syrian parents in 1975 and grew up in Acton, west London.

She moved to Syria in 2000 at the age of 25 and married her husband just months after he succeeded his father as president.

Throughout her 24 years as Syria’s first lady, Mrs Assad was a subject of curiosity in western media.

A controversial 2011 Vogue profile called her “a rose in the desert” and described her as “the freshest and most magnetic of first ladies”. The article has since been removed from the Vogue website.

Just one month later, Mrs Assad was criticised for remaining silent while her husband violently repressed pro-democracy campaigners at the start of the Syrian civil war.

The conflict went on to claim the lives of around half a million people, with her husband accused of using chemical weapons against civilians.

In 2016, Mrs Assad told Russian state-backed television she had rejected a deal to offer her safe passage out of the war-torn nation in order to stand by her husband.

She announced she was being treated for breast cancer in 2018 and said she had made a full recovery one year later.

She was diagnosed with leukaemia and began treatment for the disease in May this year, the office of then-President Assad announced.

A statement said she would “temporarily withdraw” from public engagements.

US President Joe Biden has commuted the sentences of 37 out of 40 federal death row inmates, switching their penalty to life in prison without parole.

The three excluded from the measure include the Boston Marathon bomber and the man who killed Jewish worshippers in 2018.

In a statement, Biden said he was “more convinced than ever that we must stop the use of the death penalty at the federal level”. His measure does not include more than 2,000 people convicted to death by State authorities.

Biden’s decision comes before the return of President-elect Donald Trump in January, who resumed federal executions when he was in office.

• Biden issues 39 presidential pardons and commutes 1,500 sentences

Among those reprieved by Biden are nine people convicted of murdering fellow prisoners, four for murders committed during bank robberies and one who killed a prison guard.

“Make no mistake: I condemn these murderers, grieve for the victims of their despicable acts, and ache for all the families who have suffered unimaginable and irreparable loss,” Biden added.

Disgraced former New Orleans police officer Len Davis, who operated a drug ring involving other officers and arranged a woman’s murder, is among those who have been shown clemency.

The three remaining on death row include Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, who helped carry out the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, and avowed white supremacist Dylann Roof who shot and killed nine Black churchgoers in Charleston, South Carolina in 2015.

Robert Bowers, who killed 11 Jewish worshippers during a mass shooting in 2018 at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, will also remain on death row.

Biden has campaigned as an opponent of the death penalty, and the Justice Department issued a moratorium on its use at federal level after he became president.

During his first term in office, Trump oversaw 13 deaths by lethal injection during his final six months in power.

There had been no federal inmates put to death in the US since 2003 until Trump resumed federal executions in July 2020.

During his re-election campaign, Trump indicated he would expand the use of capital punishment to include human and drug traffickers, as well as migrants who kill American citizens.

Biden appeared to make reference to Trump’s intentions in his statement by saying he could not “in good conscience – stand back and let a new administration resume executions that I halted”.

In US law, these clemency decisions cannot be reversed by a president’s successor.

Biden’s decision will not impact people sentenced to death in state courts, which is around around 2,250 inmates according to the Death Penalty Information Centre. More than 70 state executions have been carried out during Biden’s presidency.

The death penalty has been abolished in 23 of the 50 US states. Six other states, including Arizona, California, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania and Tennessee, have moratoriums in place.

Earlier this month, Biden commuted the sentences of nearly 1,500 people and pardoned 39 more convicted of nonviolent crimes.

He also pardoned his son, Hunter Biden, who was facing sentencing for two criminal cases. He had pleaded guilty to tax charges earlier in September, and was found guilty of being an illegal drug user in possession of a gun in June – becoming the first child of a sitting president to be a convicted of a crime.

The US Constitution decrees that a president has the broad “power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment”.

A man has been arrested in New York in connection with the death of a woman who was set on fire on a subway train in Brooklyn.

Police Commissioner Jessica Tisch described Sunday’s incident as “one of the most depraved crimes one person could possibly commit against another human being”.

She said the woman was on a stationary F train when she was approached by a man who used a lighter to ignite her clothing – which became “fully engulfed in a matter of seconds”. Although officers extinguished the flames, the victim died at the scene.

Police are still working to establish a possible motive for the attack. No charges have yet been filed.

Officers said the woman, who they have not named, was in a subway carriage at the Coney Island-Stillwell Avenue station at about 07:30 local time (12:30 GMT) when a man approached her.

The victim was “motionless” when she was set on fire, but detectives were still establishing whether or not she was asleep. “We’re not 100% sure,” said the NYPD’s Joseph Gulotta.

There was “no interaction” between the pair before the attack, Mr Gulotta said, adding that police did not believe the two people knew each other.

Describing how police were alerted to the incident, Ms Tisch said: “Officers were on patrol on an upper level of that station, smelled and saw smoke and went to investigate.”

“What they saw was a person standing inside the train car fully engulfed in flames.”

The man got off the train as police officers on patrol in the station rushed to the fire – although initially, he appears not to have gone much further.

“Unbeknownst to the officers who responded, the suspect had stayed on the scene and was seated on a bench on the platform just outside the train car,” Ms Tisch said.

She explained that police were therefore able to obtain “very clear, detailed” imagery of the man from the responding officers’ body worn cameras. The pictures were disseminated by the New York Police Department (NYPD).

Later, three high school-aged New Yorkers called 911 to report they had recognised the suspect on another subway train, Ms Tisch told reporters.

The man was located after officers boarded the train and walked through the subway carriages.

He was arrested at Herald Square station – which is located near the Empire State Building in Manhattan. He was found with a lighter in his pocket, Ms Tisch said.

The man, who has not been publicly identified, emigrated from Guatemala to the US in 2018, Mr Gulotta added.

“I want to thank the young people who called 911 to help,” Ms Tisch added. “They saw something, they said something and they did something.”

Two former Israeli intelligence agents have revealed how members of the Lebanese Shia militant group Hezbollah used Israeli made walkie-talkies booby-trapped with explosives for 10 years before they were detonated in a surprise attack in September this year.

The two ex-Mossad agents told US CBS News how the service duped Hezbollah into buying thousands of rigged walkie-talkies and pagers without realising they were made in Israel.

Dozens of people were killed and thousands injured in the attacks. Israel said it was tailored to target only Hezbollah members, but civilians were among victims, Lebanese officials said.

The UN human rights chief called the attack a war crime.

At the time of the attack, Israel and Hezbollah were fighting a conflict which had spiralled since Hezbollah fired at Israeli positions a day after Hamas’s unprecedented attack on southern Israel 7 October 2023.

On 17 September 2024, thousands of pagers simultaneously exploded across Lebanon, mainly in areas with a strong Hezbollah presence. The blasts wounded or killed users and some people nearby, spreading panic and confusion. The following day walkie-talkies exploded in the same way, killing and injuring hundreds more.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu admitted that Israel was responsible two months later, Israeli media reported at the time.

In an interview with the BBC’s US broadcast partner, the two former agents divulged details of the operation.

One of the agents, given the name Michael, said Mossad had concealed an explosive device inside the batteries operating the walkie-talkies, which he said would typically be carried in a vest nearer the wearer’s heart.

He said Hezbollah had unwittingly bought over 16,000 walkie-talkies at “a good price” from a fake company 10 years ago.

“We have an incredible array of possibilities of creating foreign companies that have no way being traced back to Israel,” Michael said. “Shell companies over shell companies to affect the supply chain to our favour.

“We create a pretend world. We are a global production company. We write the screenplay, we’re the directors, we’re the producers, we’re the main actors, and the world is our stage.”

The operation expanded two years ago to include pagers, CBS said.

Mossad found that at that time Hezbollah was buying pagers from a Taiwanese company called Gold Apollo, it said. It set up a fake company which used the Gold Apollo name on pagers rigged with explosives, without the parent company realising.

CBS said Mossad put explosives inside powerful enough to hurt only the user.

“We test everything triple, double, multiple times in order to make sure there is minimum damage,” said the second agent, whom the programme called Gabriel.

It said Mossad specifically chose a ringtone which would sound urgent enough for someone to check in incoming message.

Gabriel said the agency duped Hezbollah into buying the pagers, making advertising films and brochures, and sharing them on the internet.

“When they are buying from us, they have zero clue that they are buying from the Mossad,” he said. “We make like [movie] Truman Show, everything is controlled by us behind the scene.”

Hezbollah had bought 5,000 of the booby-trapped pagers by September 2024, CBS said.

They were triggered from Israel when Mossad feared Hezbollah began to have suspicions, it said.

The explosions caused shockwaves across Lebanon, with detonations happening everywhere the pagers were being carried, including in supermarkets. Hospitals were overwhelmed with casualties, many of whom had been maimed.

Gabriel said there was a “strong rumour” that people also fell victim in front of the then Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah.

Days later, with Hezbollah still reeling from the attack, Israel began intense waves of air strikes against Hezbollah targets, followed by a ground invasion of Lebanon.

The two sides agreed to a ceasefire on 26 November.

Lebanon strongly condemned the pager and walkie-talkie attacks, while the UN’s human rights chief, Volker Turk, said they had left him “appalled”.

The method of attacks, he said, “violates international human rights law and, as applicable, international humanitarian law”.

The Saudi authorities, I am told, are currently working flat out to collate everything they have on the Magdeburg market suspect, Taleb al-Abdulmohsen, and to share it with Germany’s ongoing investigation “in every way possible”.

Inside the imposing sand coloured and fortress-like walls of the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Riyadh there is a perhaps justifiable sense of pique.

The ministry previously warned the German government about al-Abdulmohsen’s extremist views.

It sent four so-called “Notes Verbal”, three of them to Germany’s intelligence agencies and one to the foreign ministry in Berlin. There was, the Saudis say, no response.

Part of the explanation for this may lie in the fact that Taleb al-Abdulmohsen was granted asylum by Germany in 2016, one year after the former Chancellor Angela Merkel threw open her country’s borders to let in more than a million migrants from the Middle East, and 10 years after al-Abdulmohsen had taken up residence in Germany.

Coming from a country where Islam is the only religion permitted to be practised in public, al-Abdulmohsen was a very unusual citizen.

He had turned his back on Islam, making himself a heretic in the eyes of many.

Born in the Saudi date palm oasis town of Hofuf in 1974, little is known about his early life before he decided to leave Saudi Arabia and move to Europe aged 32.

Active on social media, on his Twitter (later X) account he labels himself as both a psychiatrist and founder of a Saudi rights movement, together with the tag @SaudiExMuslims.

He founded a website aimed at helping Saudi women flee their country to Europe.

The Saudis say he was a people trafficker and the Ministry of Interior’s investigators, the Mabaatheth, are said to have an extensive file on him.

There have been reports in recent years of dissident Saudis coming under hostile surveillance from Saudi government agents, in Canada, the US and in Germany.

There is no question that the German authorities, both federal and state, have made some serious errors of omission in the case of al-Abdulmohsen.

Whatever their reasons for not responding, as the Saudis claim, to the repeated warnings about his extremism, he was seemingly a danger to his adopted host country.

There is also, separately, the failure to close off, or at least guard, the emergency access route to Magdeburg Alter Markt that allowed him to allegedly drive his BMW into the crowds.

German authorities have defended the market’s layout and said an investigation into the suspect’s past is ongoing.

But a complicating factor here is that Saudi Arabia, although considered a friend and ally of the West, has a poor human rights record.

Until June 2018 Saudi women were forbidden to drive and even those women who publicly called for that ban to be lifted before then have been persecuted and imprisoned.

Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, still only in his 30s, just, is immensely popular in his own country.

While Western leaders largely distanced themselves from him after his alleged involvement in the grisly murder of the Saudi dissident Jamal Khashoggi in 2018, which the crown prince denies, at home his star is still in the ascendant.

Under his de-facto rule, Saudi public life has transformed for the better, with men and women allowed to associate freely, and cinemas reopening, along with big, spectacular sports and entertainment events, even gigs performed by Western artists like David Guetta and the Black Eyed Peas.

But there is a paradox here.

While Saudi public life has flourished there has been a simultaneous crackdown on anything that even hints at more political or religious freedom.

Harsh prison sentences of 10 years or more have been handed down for simple tweets.

No-one is permitted to even question the way the country is run.

It is against this backdrop that Germany appears to have dropped the ball with Taleb al-Abdulmohsen.

Hollywood stars America Ferrera, Amber Tamblyn and Alexis Bledel have publicly backed US actress Blake Lively after she filed a legal complaint against It Ends With Us co-star Justin Baldoni.

Ms Lively filed the legal complaint over the weekend against Mr Baldoni, alleging sexual harassment and a campaign to “destroy” her reputation.

Mr Baldoni’s legal team told the BBC on Saturday that the allegations are “categorically false”.

Ferrera, Tamblyn and Bledel, who starred with Lively in 2005 film The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, issued a joint statement on Instagram on Sunday saying they “stand with her in solidarity”.

Colleen Hoover, the author of It Ends With Us, also showed her support, describing Ms Lively as “honest, kind, supportive and patient”.

Lawyers for Ms Lively say the legal complaint follows a meeting earlier this year to address “repeated sexual harassment and other disturbing behaviour” by Baldoni, her co-star and a producer on the movie.

In their statement, Ferrera, Tamblyn and Bledel said: “As Blake’s friends and sisters for over 20 years, we stand with her in solidarity as she fights back against the reported campaign waged to destroy her reputation.

“Throughout the filming of It Ends with Us, we saw her summon the courage to ask for a safe workplace for herself and colleagues on set, and we are appalled to read the evidence of a premeditated and vindictive effort that ensued to discredit her voice.”

They added: “Most upsetting is the unabashed exploitation of domestic violence survivors’ stories to silence a woman who asked for safety. The hypocrisy is astounding.

“We are struck by the reality that even if a woman is as strong, celebrated, and resourced as our friend Blake, she can face forceful retaliation for daring to ask for a safe working environment,” the statement added.

“We are inspired by our sister’s courage to stand up for herself and others.”

Lawyers for Mr Baldoni said they hired a crisis manager because Ms Lively had threatened to derail the film unless her demands were met.

In the drama It Ends With Us, Ms Lively plays a woman who finds herself in a relationship with a charming but abusive boyfriend, played by Mr Baldoni.

In a post to her Instagram stories, Colleen Hoover, the author of the novel on which the film was based, also voiced her support: “@BlakeLively you have been nothing but honest, kind, supportive and patient since the day we met.

“Thank you for being exactly the human that you are.

“Never change. Never wilt.”

She then linked to a New York Times article titled We Can Bury Anyone: Inside A Hollywood Smear Machine.

Hoover also re-posted the statement from Ferrara, Bledel and Tamblyn, adding: “This statement from these women and Blake’s ability to refuse to sit down and ‘be buried’ has been nothing short of inspiring.”

The meeting between Ms Lively and Mr Baldoni, together with others involved in the movie’s production plus Ms Lively’s actor husband Ryan Reynolds, took place on 4 January 2024, and it aimed to address “the hostile work environment” on set, according to Ms Lively’s legal filing.

Mr Baldoni attended the meeting in his capacity as co-chairman and co-founder of the company that produced the film, Wayfarer Studios. He was also the film’s director.

In the legal complaint, Ms Lively’s lawyers allege that both Mr Baldoni and the Wayfarer chief executive officer, Jamey Heath, engaged in “inappropriate and unwelcome behaviour towards Ms Lively and others on the set of It Ends With Us”.

In the filing to the California Civil Rights Department, a list of 30 demands relating to the pair’s alleged misconduct was made at the meeting to ensure they could continue to produce the film.

Among them, Ms Lively requested that there be no more mention of Mr Baldoni and Mr Heath’s previous “pornography addiction” to Ms Lively or to other crew members, no more descriptions of their own genitalia to Ms Lively, and “no more adding of sex scenes, oral sex, or on camera climaxing by BL [Blake Lively] outside the scope of the script BL approved when signing onto the project”, says the complaint.

Ms Lively also demanded that Mr Baldoni stop saying he could speak to her dead father.

Ms Lively’s legal team further accuse Mr Baldoni and Wayfarer Studios of leading a “multi-tiered plan” to wreck her reputation.

She alleges this was “the intended result of a carefully crafted, coordinated, and resourced retaliatory scheme to silence her, and others from speaking out about the hostile environment that Mr Baldoni and Mr Heath created”.

Responding to the legal complaint, Mr Baldoni’s lawyer, Bryan Freedman, said on Saturday: “It is shameful that Ms Lively and her representatives would make such serious and categorically false accusations against Mr Baldoni, Wayfarer Studios and its representatives.”

Mr Freedman accused Ms Lively of making numerous demands and threats, including “threatening to not show up to set, threatening to not promote the film”, which would end up “ultimately leading to its demise during release, if her demands were not met”.

He alleged that Ms Lively’s claims were “intentionally salacious with an intent to publicly hurt and rehash a narrative in the media”.

In a statement via her attorneys to the BBC, Ms Lively said: “I hope that my legal action helps pull back the curtain on these sinister retaliatory tactics to harm people who speak up about misconduct and helps protect others who may be targeted.”

She also denied that she or any of her representatives had planted or spread negative information about Mr Baldoni or Wayfarer.

The film was a box-office hit, although some critics said it romanticised domestic violence.

On a hill overlooking the city of Palermo, in Sicily, sits a lesser-known gem of Italian art: the cathedral of Monreale.

Built in the 12th century under Norman rule, it boasts Italy’s largest Byzantine-style mosaics, second in the world only to those of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul.

Now, this Unesco World Heritage site has undergone an extensive restoration to bring it back to its former glory.

The Monreale mosaics were meant to impress, humble and inspire the visitor who walked down the central nave, following the fashion of Constantinople, the capital of the surviving Roman empire in the east.

They span over 6,400 sq m and contain about 2.2kg of solid gold.

The restoration lasted over a year, and in that time the cathedral was turned into a bit of a building site, with a maze of scaffolds set up on the altar and transept.

Local experts from the Italian Ministry of Culture led a series of interventions, starting with the removal of a thick layer of dust that had accumulated on the mosaics over the years.

Then they repaired some of the tiles that had lost their enamel and gold leaf, making them look like black spots from down below.

Finally, they intervened in the areas where the tiles were peeling off the wall and secured them.

Working on the mosaics was a challenge and a big responsibility, says Father Nicola Gaglio.

He has been a priest here for 17 years and has followed the restoration closely, not unlike an apprehensive dad.

“The team approached this work almost on their tiptoes,” he tells me.

“At times, there were some unforeseen issues and they had to pause the operations while they found a solution.

“For example, when they got to the ceiling, they realised that in the past it had been covered with a layer of varnish that had turned yellowish. They had to peel it off, quite literally, like cling film.”

The mosaics were last partly restored in 1978 , but this time the intervention had a much wider scope and it included replacing the old lighting system.

“There was a very old system. The light was low, the energy costs were through the roof and in no way it made justice to the beauty of the mosaics,” says Matteo Cundari.

He’s the Country Manager of Zumtobel, the firm that was tasked with installing the new lights.

“The main challenge was to make sure we’d highlight the mosaics and we’d create something that answers to the various needs of the cathedral,” he adds.

“We also wanted to create a completely reversible system, something that could be replaced in 10 or 15 years without damaging the building.”

This first tranche of works cost 1.1 million euros. A second one, focussing on the central nave, is being planned next.

I ask Fr Gaglio what it was like to see the scaffolding finally come off and the mosaics shine in their new light. He laughs and shrugs.

“When you see it, you’re overwhelmed with awe and you can’t really think of anything. It’s pure beauty,” he says.

“It’s a responsibility to be the keeper of such world heritage. This world needs beauty, because it reminds us of what’s good in humanity, of what it means to be men and women.”

On the night of 9 December, a 34-year-old Indian man killed himself. Next to his body was a placard reading “justice is due”.

Atul Subhash left a detailed 24-page suicide note and an 81-minute video in which he blamed the trouble in his marriage and divorce proceedings.

The letter and the video, which contain distressing details about his life, have gone viral on social media and caused outrage.

The software engineer from the southern city of Bengaluru accused his estranged wife Nikita Singhania, her mother and brother of sustained harassment and torture – accusations they denied. The three were arrested a few days later and a court has remanded them for 14 days.

News of Subhash’s tragic death has also galvanised men’s rights activists and started a wider debate around India’s tough dowry law which was designed to protect women from harassment and even murder. Singhania had accused Subhash and his family of harassing her for dowry.

Many argue that with cases of divorce steadily rising, the law is now being misused by women to harass their husbands, even forcing them to kill themselves. India’s top court has also weighed in, with one judge describing it as “legal terrorism” that was “intended to be used as a shield and not as an assassin’s weapon”.

Women’s activists, however, point out that demands for large dowry payments from husbands’ families still continues to kill thousands of women every year.

Subhash and Singhania married in 2019, but had been living apart for three years and Subhash said he was not allowed to meet their four-year-old son. His wife, he alleged, had filed “false court cases”, accusing him of cruelty, dowry harassment and various other wrongdoings.

In the video, he accused the Singhania family of “extortion” and said they had demanded 30m rupees ($352,675; £279,661) to withdraw the cases, 3m rupees for visitation rights to their son and asked to raise the monthly maintenance from 40,000 rupees to 200,000 rupees.

He then spoke about the dozens of long trips he made over the past few years to attend court hearings and accused a judge of harassment, seeking a bribe from him and mocking him. A notice which appears to have been issued by the judge refers to the allegations as “baseless, immoral and defamatory”.

News of the suicide prompted a firestorm of protests in several cities. Many took to social media to demand justice for Subhash.

• India: ‘I have been rejected by dozens of men over dowry’

They said his suicide should be treated as a case of murder and targetted Singhania, demanding she be arrested and sent to prison for life.

On X (formerly Twitter), thousands tagged the American multinational firm where she worked, demanding that they sack her.

Following the outrage, the police in Bengaluru opened an inquiry against those named in the suicide note. On 14 December, Singhania, her mother and brother were arrested on charges of “abetment to suicide”.

During interrogation, Singhania denied the allegation that she had been harassing Subhash for money, Times of India quoted the police as saying.

In the past, Singhania had also levelled grave charges against her husband. In her 2022 petition for divorce, she had accused him, his parents and brother of harassing her for dowry. She said they had been unhappy with the gifts her parents had given during the wedding and demanded an additional 1m rupees.

Dowries have been outlawed in India since 1961, but the bride’s family is still expected to gift cash, clothes and jewellery to the groom’s family. According to a recent study, 90% of Indian marriages involve them and payments between 1950 and 1999 amounted to a quarter of a trillion dollars.

And according to the National Crime Records Bureau, 35,493 brides were killed in India between 2017 and 2022 – an average of 20 women a day – over dowry demands, sometimes even years after the wedding. In 2022 alone, more than 6,450 brides were murdered over dowry – that’s an average of 18 women every day.

Singhania claimed that her father died from a heart attack soon after her wedding when Subhash’s parents went to him to demand the money. She also alleged that her husband used to threaten her and “beat me up after drinking alcohol and treated the husband-wife relationship like a beast” by demanding unnatural sex. Subhash had denied all the allegations.

• India top court orders changes in anti-dowry law to stop misuse

Police say they are still investigating the allegations and counter-allegations but Subhash’s suicide has led to growing calls to rewrite – even scrap – India’s stringent anti-dowry law – Section 498A of the India Penal Code.

The law was introduced in 1983 after a spate of dowry deaths in Delhi and elsewhere in the country. There were daily reports of brides being burnt to death by their husbands and in-laws and the murders were often passed off as “kitchen accidents”. Angry protests by female MPs and activists forced parliament to bring in the law.

As lawyer Sukriti Chauhan says, “the law had come after a long and hard fight” and “allows women to seek justice in cases of cruelty in their matrimonial homes”.

But over the years, the law has repeatedly made headlines, with men’s activists saying it is being misused by women to harass their husbands and their relatives.

India’s top court has also warned against the misuse of the law on many occasions. On the day Subhash’s suicide was reported, the Supreme Court once again flagged – in an unrelated case – “the growing tendency to misuse the provision as a tool for unleashing personal vendetta against the husband and his family”.

Amit Deshpande, founder of Mumbai-based men’s rights organisation Vaastav Foundation, says the law is being used “mostly to extort men” and that “there are thousands of others who are suffering like Subhash”.

Their helpline number, he says, receives about 86,000 calls every year and most cases are about matrimonial disputes that include false dowry cases and attempts at extortion.

“A cottage industry has been built around the law. In each case, 18-20 people are named as accused and they all have to hire lawyers and go to court to seek bail. There have been cases where a two-month-old baby or an ill nonagenarian was named in dowry harassment complaints.

“I know these are extreme examples but the whole system enables this in some manner. Police, judiciary and politicians are turning a blind eye to our concerns,” he says.

Mr Deshpande says according to the government crime data for more than 50 years, a large majority of male suicides were by married men – and family discord was the reason for one in four suicides among them.

Patriarchy, he says, also works against men. “Women have recourse to laws and they get sympathy, but people laugh at men who are harassed or beaten by their wives. If Subhash was a woman he could have had recourse to certain laws. So, let’s make laws gender neutral and extend the same justice to men so lives can be saved.”

There should also be stringent punishment for those who misuse the law, otherwise this will not be a deterrent, he adds.

Ms Chauhan agrees that women who misuse the law should be punished, but argues that any law can be misused. The Bengaluru case is in court and if it is proven that it’s a false case, then she should be punished, she says.

“But I do not support it becoming gender neutral. The demand for that is regressive as it disregards the need for special measures that acknowledge that women are disproportionately impacted by violence.”

Those going after Section 498A, she says, are “driven by patriarchy and because it’s a law for women, attempts are made to strike it down”.

“It came after years of societal patriarchal injustice. And this patriarchy remains the reality of our generation and will continue for generations to come.”

Despite the law, she says, demand for dowry is rampant and thousands of brides continue to be killed over it.

The need of the hour, she adds, is to “make the law stronger”.

“If three out of 10 cases that are filed are false, then it is for the courts to impose penalty on them. But women are still suffering very much in this country so do not ask to repeal the law.”

BBC Action Line

If you have been affected by any of the issues raised in this story a list of groups offering help and advice is available from the BBC Action Line

Hundreds of Tibetans protesting against a Chinese dam were rounded up in a harsh crackdown earlier this year, with some beaten and seriously injured, the BBC has learnt from sources and verified footage.

Such protests are extremely rare in Tibet, which China has tightly controlled since it annexed the region in the 1950s. That they still happened highlights China’s controversial push to build dams in what has long been a sensitive area.

Claims of the arrests and beatings began trickling out shortly after the events in February. In the following days authorities further tightened restrictions, making it difficult for anyone to verify the story, especially journalists who cannot freely travel to Tibet.

But the BBC has spent months tracking down Tibetan sources whose family and friends were detained and beaten. BBC Verify has also examined satellite imagery and verified leaked videos which show mass protests and monks begging the authorities for mercy.

The sources live outside of China and are not associated with activist groups. But they did not wish to be named for safety reasons.

In response to our queries, the Chinese embassy in the UK did not confirm nor deny the protests or the ensuing crackdown.

But it said: “China is a country governed by the rule of law, and strictly safeguards citizens’ rights to lawfully express their concerns and provide opinions or suggestions.”

The protests, followed by the crackdown, took place in a territory home to Tibetans in Sichuan province. For years, Chinese authorities have been planning to build the massive Gangtuo dam and hydropower plant, also known as Kamtok in Tibetan, in the valley straddling the Dege (Derge) and Jiangda (Jomda) counties.

Once built, the dam’s reservoir would submerge an area that is culturally and religiously significant to Tibetans, and home to several villages and ancient monasteries containing sacred relics.

One of them, the 700-year-old Wangdui (Wontoe) Monastery, has particular historical value as its walls feature rare Buddhist murals.

The Gangtuo dam would also displace thousands of Tibetans. The BBC has seen what appears to be a public tender document for the relocation of 4,287 residents to make way for the dam.

The BBC contacted an official listed on the tender document as well as Huadian, the state-owned enterprise reportedly building the dam. Neither have responded.

Plans to build the dam were first approved in 2012, according to a United Nations special rapporteurs letter to the Chinese government. The letter, which is from July 2024, raised concerns about the dam’s “irreversible impact” on thousands of people and the environment.

From the start, residents were not “consulted in a meaningful way” about the dam, according to the letter. For instance, they were given information that was inadequate and not in the Tibetan language.

They were also promised by the government that the project would only go ahead if 80% of them agreed to it, but “there is no evidence this consent was ever given,” the letter goes on to say, adding that residents tried to raise concerns about the dam several times.

Chinese authorities, however, denied this in their response to the UN. “The relocation of the villages in question was carried out only after full consultation of the opinions of the local residents,” the Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of China to the United Nations office said in a letter from September 2024.

It added: “Local government and project developers funded the construction of new homes and provided subsidies for grazing, herding and farming. As for any cultural relics, they were relocated in their entirety.”

But the BBC understands from two Tibetan sources that, in February, officials had told them they would be evicted imminently, while giving them little information about resettlement options and compensation.

This triggered such deep anxiety that villagers and Buddhist monks decided to stage protests, despite knowing the risks of a crackdown.

The largest one saw hundreds gathering outside a government building in Dege. In a video clip obtained and verified by the BBC, protesters can be heard calling on authorities to stop the evictions and let them stay.

Separately, a group of residents approached visiting officials and pleaded with them to cancel plans to build the dam. The BBC has obtained footage which appears to show this incident, and verified it took place in the village of Xiba.

The clip shows red-robed monks and villagers kneeling on a dusty road and showing a thumbs-up, a traditional Tibetan way of begging for mercy.

In the past the Chinese government has been quick to stamp out resistance to authority, especially in Tibetan territory where it is sensitive to anything that could potentially feed separatist sentiment.

It was no different this time. Authorities swiftly launched their crackdown, arresting hundreds of people at protests while also raiding homes across the valley, according to one of our sources.

One unverified but widely shared clip appears to show Chinese policemen shoving a group of monks on a road, in what is thought to be an arrest operation.

Many were detained for weeks and some were beaten badly, according to our Tibetan sources whose family and friends were targeted in the crackdown.

One source shared fresh details of the interrogations. He told the BBC that a childhood friend was detained and interrogated over several days.

“He was asked questions and treated nicely at first. They asked him ‘who asked you to participate, who is behind this’.

“Then, when he couldn’t give them [the] answers they wanted, he was beaten by six or seven different security personnel over several days.”

His friend sustained only minor injuries, and was freed within a few days. But others were not so lucky.

Another source told the BBC that more than 20 of his relatives and friends were detained for participating in the protests, including an elderly person who was more than 70 years old.

“Some of them sustained injuries all over their body, including in their ribs and kidneys, from being kicked and beaten… some of them were sick because of their injuries,” he said.

Similar claims of physical abuse and beatings during the arrests have surfaced in overseas Tibetan media reports.

The UN letter also notes reports of detentions and use of force on hundreds of protesters, stating they were “severely beaten by the Chinese police, resulting in injuries that required hospitalisation”.

After the crackdown, Tibetans in the area encountered even tighter restrictions, the BBC understands. Communication with the outside world was further limited and there was increased surveillance. Those who are still contactable have been unwilling to talk as they fear another crackdown, according to sources.

The first source said while some released protesters were eventually allowed to travel elsewhere in Tibetan territory, others have been slapped with orders restricting their movement.

This has caused problems for those who need to go to hospital for medical treatment and nomadic tribespeople who need to roam across pastures with their herds, he said.

The second source said he last heard from his relatives and friends at the end of February: “When I got through, they said not to call any more as they would get arrested. They were very scared, they would hang up on me.

“We used to talk over WeChat, but now that is not possible. I’m totally blocked from contacting all of them,” he said.

“The last person I spoke to was a younger female cousin. She said, ‘It’s very dangerous, a lot of us have been arrested, there’s a lot of trouble, they have hit a lot of us’… They didn’t know what was going to happen to them next.”

The BBC has been unable to find any mention of the protests and crackdown in Chinese state media. But shortly after the protests, a Chinese Communist Party official visited the area to “explain the necessity” of building the dam and called for “stability maintenance measures”, according to one report.

A few months later, a tender was awarded for the construction of a Dege “public security post”, according to documents posted online.

The letter from Chinese authorities to the UN suggests villagers have already been relocated and relics moved, but it is unclear how far the project has progressed.

The BBC has been monitoring the valley via satellite imagery for months. For now, there is no sign of the dam’s construction nor demolition of the villages and monasteries.

The Chinese embassy told us authorities were still conducting geological surveys and specialised studies to build the dam. They added the local government is “actively and thoroughly understanding the demands and aspirations” of residents.

China is no stranger to controversy when it comes to dams.

When the government constructed the world’s biggest dam in the 90s – the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River – it saw protests and criticism over its handling of relocation and compensation for thousands of villagers.

In more recent years, as China has accelerated its pivot from coal to clean energy sources, such moves have become especially sensitive in Tibetan territories.

Beijing has been eyeing the steep valleys and mighty rivers here, in the rural west, to build mega-dams and hydropower stations that can sustain China’s electricity-hungry eastern metropolises. President Xi Jinping has personally pushed for this, a policy called “xidiandongsong”, or “sending western electricity eastwards”.

Like Gangtuo, many of these dams are on the Jinsha (Dri Chu) river, which runs through Tibetan territories. It forms the upper reaches of the Yangtze river and is part of what China calls the world’s largest clean energy corridor.

Gangtuo is in fact the latest in a series of 13 dams planned for this valley, five of which are already in operation or under construction.

The Chinese government and state media have presented these dams as a win-win solution that cuts pollution and generates clean energy, while uplifting rural Tibetans.

In its statement to the BBC, the Chinese embassy said clean energy projects focus on “promoting high-quality economic development” and “enhancing the sense of gain and happiness among people of all ethnic groups”.

But the Chinese government has long been accused of violating Tibetans’ rights. Activists say the dams are the latest example of Beijing’s exploitation of Tibetans and their land.

“What we are seeing is the accelerated destruction of Tibetan religious, cultural and linguistic heritage,” said Tenzin Choekyi, a researcher with rights group Tibet Watch. “This is the ‘high-quality development’ and ‘ecological civilisation’ that the Chinese government is implementing in Tibet.”

One key issue is China’s relocation policy that evicts Tibetans from their homes to make way for development – it is what drove the protests by villagers and monks living near the Gangtuo dam. More than 930,000 rural Tibetans are estimated to have been relocated since 2000, according to Human Rights Watch (HRW).

Beijing has always maintained that these relocations happen only with the consent of Tibetans, and that they are given housing, compensation and new job opportunities. State media often portrays it as an improvement in their living conditions.

But rights groups paint a different picture, with reports detailing evidence of coercion, complaints of inadequate compensation, cramped living conditions, and lack of jobs. They also point out that relocation severs the deep, centuries-old connection that rural Tibetans share with their land.

“These people will essentially lose everything they own, their livelihoods and community heritage,” said Maya Wang, interim China director at HRW.

There are also environmental concerns over the flooding of Tibetan valleys renowned for their biodiversity, and the possible dangers of building dams in a region rife with earthquake fault lines.

Some Chinese academics have found the pressure from accumulated water in dam reservoirs could potentially increase the risk of quakes, including in the Jinsha river. This could cause catastrophic flooding and destruction, as seen in 2018, when rain-induced landslides occurred at a village situated between two dam construction sites on Jinsha.

The Chinese embassy told us that the implementation of any clean energy project “will go through scientific planning and rigorous demonstration, and will be subject to relevant supervision”.

In recent years, China has passed laws safeguarding the environment surrounding the Yangtze River and the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. President Xi has personally stressed the need to protect the Yangtze’s upper reaches.

About 424 million yuan (£45.5m, $60m) has been spent on environmental conservation along Jinsha, according to state media. Reports have also highlighted efforts to quake-proof dam projects.

Multiple Tibetan rights groups, however, argue that any large-scale development in Tibetan territory, including dams such as Gangtuo, should be halted.

They have staged protests overseas and called for an international moratorium, arguing that companies participating in such projects would be “allowing the Chinese government to profit from the occupation and oppression of Tibetans”.

“I really hope that this [dam-building] stops,” one of our sources said. “Our ancestors were here, our temples are here. We have been here for generations. It is very painful to move. What kind of life would we have if we leave?”