Ashes 2025 live: Root and Archer to take attack to Aussies on day two

England have a slight advantage in the second Ashes Test match thanks to a fabulous 135* from Joe Root on day one at the Gabba.

Root had never scored a hundred in Australia before yesterday’s heroics rescued England from the terrible position of 5-2 after Ben Duckett and Ollie Pope were dismissed early on. He was the anchor for England’s innings with contributions also coming from Zak Crawley (76), Harry Brook (31) and Jofra Archer (32*).

The latter came as part of an exciting and bombastic 10th wicket stand with Root that brought 61 runs and took the visitors to the close of play. Both players will continue their attack on the Australian bowlers before aiming to early inroads into the batting line-up.

England’s bowling unit, led by Archer and Gus Atkinson, will look to Mitchell Starc for inspiration after the left-arm seamer took six wickets on Thursday to continuously halt England’s progress. Day two is set to be another exciting and thrilling affair full of twists and turns that only Test cricket can provide.

Follow all the latest updates, scores and analysis on day one at The Gabba below:

Putin ordered Skripal novichok poisonings in show of ‘Russian power’, inquiry finds

Vladimir Putin ordered the “astonishingly reckless” attempted assassination of Sergei Skripal as a “public demonstration of Russian power”, a major inquiry into the Salisbury novichok poisonings has concluded.

The inquiry laid the blame for the attack on the Russian president, saying he was “morally responsible” for the death of Dawn Sturgess, an innocent bystander who died after being exposed to the chemical weapon after it was left in a discarded perfume bottle in Amesbury, Wiltshire, in July 2018.

Her death came four months after the attempted murder of Mr Skripal, a former spy, along with his daughter, Yulia, and a police officer, Nick Bailey, who were all harmed when members of a Russian GRU military intelligence squad smeared the nerve agent on Mr Skripal’s door handle.

Retired Supreme Court judge Anthony Hughes, who carried out the review into Sturgess’s death, found that the attempted assassination of Mr Skripal “must have been authorised at the highest level, by President Putin”, and that the GRU agents were “acting on instructions” when they carried out the attack.

He said: “It is clear that this attack showed considerable determination and was expected to stand as a public demonstration of Russian power.”

After the report was released, foreign secretary Yvette Cooper warned that Putin and his agents represent “an active threat to Britain’s citizens, our security and our prosperity”.

In a statement, she said: “We will not tolerate this brazen and despicable aggression on British soil. That is why we are exposing and sanctioning those carrying out malign acts for Moscow, and ramping up efforts to crush hostile Russian hybrid activity.”

The GRU has now been sanctioned in its entirety by the UK government – with action also taken against 11 people linked to state-sponsored hostile activity – while the Russian ambassador has been summoned to the Foreign Office.

The report’s publication comes as hopes fade for a US-brokered peace deal in Ukraine, the illegal invasion of which was launched four years after the novichok attacks.

Former prime minister Theresa May said the report shows that Britain is under “constant threat from Russian espionage”, adding that the government must “continue to stand firm in the face of Russian aggression”.

She said: “I always believed that the attack on Sergei Skripal and his daughter was part of a more aggressive positioning by Russia that would have consequences further down the line. Four years later, Putin invaded Ukraine, and we are under constant threat from Russian espionage.

“The Russians released a chemical weapon onto the streets of the UK, recklessly endangering lives and murdering Dawn Sturgess. The Dawn Sturgess Inquiry report shows it is vital that we continue to stand firm in the face of Russian aggression.”

The report concluded that the attempted assassination of Mr Skripal was not “designed simply as revenge against him, but amounted to a public statement … that Russia will act decisively in what it regards as its own interests”.

It also argued that the Kremlin would have accepted that the “astonishingly reckless” attack would be attributed to Russia.

“Notwithstanding the fact that the attack constituted a significant geopolitical risk, a public demonstration of Russian state power for both international and domestic impact is, I conclude, the most likely analysis of what occurred,” the report said.

Lord Hughes’s inquiry, which cost £8.3m, avoided major criticism of the British state for its handling of Mr Skripal, arguing that it would not have been reasonable to provide him with an entirely new identity in order to prevent an attack on him.

While Michael Mansfield KC, the barrister for Sturgess’s family, suggested that the Security Service should have created an entirely new identity for Mr Skripal in order to protect him from attack, the inquiry concluded that this would only have been reasonable “if the risk to him of assassination on UK soil stood at a high level, and it did not”.

But Sturgess’s family expressed “real concern” over the lack of recommendations in the report, saying it had left them with a “number of unanswered questions”.

In a statement, they said: “Today’s report does not set out, publicly, how the risks that led to Dawn’s death will be prevented in the future. Adequate risk assessment of Skripal was not done, [and] no protective steps were put in place. That is a serious concern, for us now, and for the future.”

They added: “Today’s report has left us with some answers but also a number of unanswered questions. We have always wanted to ensure that what happened to Dawn will not happen to others; that lessons should be learned; and that meaningful changes should be made.

“The report today contains no recommendations. That is a matter of real concern. There should, there must, be reflection and real change.”

The sanctions announced by the Foreign Office on Thursday target eight cyber military intelligence officers for working for the GRU, which was responsible for cyber operations targeting Ms Skripal with X-agent malware, and, five years later, the attempted murder of her and her father on UK soil.

A further three GRU officers were sanctioned for orchestrating plots elsewhere in Europe, including plans for a terror attack on Ukrainian supermarkets.

In a statement, Sir Keir Starmer said the findings of the report were a “grave reminder of the Kremlin’s disregard for innocent lives”.

“Dawn’s needless death was a tragedy and will forever be a reminder of Russia’s reckless aggression. My thoughts are with her family and loved ones,” he said.

The inquiry heard that the Skripals fell ill on the afternoon of 4 March 2018 after eating lunch at a branch of Zizzi in Salisbury. They were showing symptoms consistent with either nerve agent or organophosphate poisoning or an opiate overdose.

Paramedics treated Mr Skripal with an anti-opioid drug, which had no effect. Addressing the medical care Sturgess received, Lord Hughes said that there was no treatment that “could in fact have saved her life”.

The inquiry previously heard that 87 people were admitted to A&E after the novichok was discarded in a Nina Ricci perfume bottle.

Russia has previously denied any involvement in the attack on the Skripals.

Flu cases at record levels as ‘tidal wave’ of illness hits the NHS

The NHS is facing a “tidal wave” of illness ahead of Christmas as flu cases reach the highest on record for this time of year, health chiefs have warned.

Every day last week 1,717 patients were admitted to hospitals in England with the infection, up 56 per cent on the same week last year, according to NHS England.

Data suggests the UK could be facing the worst flu season in decades, putting pressure on hospitals just as resident doctors are set to stage another five-day strike over pay and conditions. Members of the British Medical Association (BMA) are set to walk out from 17 to 22 December after the union accused the government of failing to make “sufficient progress towards a viable deal on jobs and pay”.

The health secretary, Wes Streeting, called the strike “irresponsible”, warning that the dates, just before the Christmas bank holidays and when the NHS is often in the midst of a “winter crisis”, represented a “different magnitude of risk” to previous industrial action.

NHS England chief executive Sir Jim Mackey branded the decision by doctors to strike as “something that feels cruel” and which is “calculated to cause mayhem at a time when the service is really pulling all the stops out to try and avoid that and keep people safe”.

Speaking at a board meeting on Thursday, Sir Jim said the planned strike action had caused “a genuine and palpable feeling of anger, frustration and exasperation” among colleagues, adding: “I really do hope we can find a way of avoiding this.”

The latest flu figures have been published by the NHS to show the performance of hospitals in England this winter. They are seven times as high as in 2023, when there was an average of 243 flu patients a day.

Daniel Elkeles, the chief executive of NHS Providers, said: “The NHS is facing a tidal wave of flu. It’s very worrying to see the figures at a record high for the time of year — and still heading up. That’s alongside all the other winter bugs piling the pressure on the NHS.

“The last thing anyone needs now is the prospect of another strike by resident doctors bringing yet more disruption and distress for patients. We urge the BMA to see sense, get round the table with the government and end the dispute so we can have all hands on deck in the lead-up to Christmas.”

This year’s flu season started earlier than usual and is yet to reach a peak, meaning pressure on hospitals is likely to grow in the run-up to Christmas.

Sarah Woolnough, chief executive of the King’s Fund, said: “Today’s data confirms that the NHS is entering the most challenging period of the year, with pressures hitting the health and care service from all directions. Rising flu waves and industrial action are all adding strain to a system which is already struggling to deliver timely care for patients. The flu season started unusually early this year and is yet to peak, so it is too soon to know how long this surge will be sustained for.”

Professor Julian Redhead, NHS national medical director for urgent and emergency care, said flu cases were now “incredibly high” and that the latest figures “confirm our deepest concerns: the health service is bracing for an unprecedented flu wave this winter.

“The NHS has prepared earlier for winter than ever before, but despite that, we know that ballooning flu cases coinciding with strikes may stretch our staff close to breaking point in the coming weeks.

“With just a couple of weeks left to ensure maximum immunity from flu for Christmas Day, I urge anyone eligible to come forward to get their jab.”

Lammy says rejoining EU customs union could boost UK economy

Deputy prime minister David Lammy has suggested that rejoining the European Union’s customs union could increase economic growth – as ministers increasingly hit out at the financial damage caused by Brexit.

Mr Lammy refused seven times in an interview to rule out reversing Brexit, arguing that leaving the EU badly damaged the UK economy and saying Labour should consider closer integration with Brussels.

The OBR forecasts that leaving the EU will reduce long-run productivity in Britain by 4 per cent.

Before the Budget, chancellor Rachel Reeves said Brexit had an even bigger impact on Britain’s economy than critics predicted.

Mr Lammy said that rejoining the customs union was not currently government policy but that it was self-evident that other countries had seen growth after doing so.

Health secretary Wes Streeting said on Wednesday that Labour should undo “the economic damage done by Brexit”.

Baroness Shafik, prime minister Sir Keir Starmer’s chief economics adviser, and some senior figures close to No 10 are also reportedly pushing for closer ties with the EU.

Ms Reeves said in October: “Things like austerity, the cuts to capital spending and Brexit have had a bigger impact on our economy than even was projected back then.

“That’s why we are unashamedly rebuilding our relations with the European Union to reduce some of those costs that were, in my view, needlessly added to businesses since 2016 and since we formally left a few years ago.”

Labour’s manifesto pledged not to rejoin the single market or customs union but pressure over the issue is mounting from MPs and advisers following poor growth forecasts.

Mr Lammy, who is also justice secretary, was asked on the News Agents podcast about the idea of being part of the customs union again, said: “That is not currently our policy. That’s not currently where we are.

“But you can see countries like Turkey with a customs union seemingly benefiting and seeing growth in their economy, and again, that’s self-evident.”

He added that his comments were “subject to collective responsibility”, implying that he should follow Sir Keir’s position.

But Darren Jones, Sir Keir’s chief secretary, rebuked Mr Lammy in the Commons, saying that Labour’s policy would be announced in Parliament, not “on podcasts”.

Former PM Liz Truss promises to confront ‘deep state’ in new show

Former Conservative leader Liz Truss is promising to defend Western civilisation and spark a “Trump-style counter-revolution” against attacks on the free world – in a new show on social media

The Liz Truss Show is billed as “a bold new programme in a media landscape dominated by groupthink and timid consensus”, and “unapologetic debate, fierce defence of western values, and straight-talking discussions about the future of Britain and the free world”.

“The deep state tried to destroy me but now I’m back and excited to launch this show,” she said.

Ms Truss, who lasted just seven weeks in office before she was ousted by her own MPs in 2022, has been forced to deny being the UK’s worst prime minister.

Under her leadership, the pound fell to a 37-year low after the City was “spooked” by a massive borrowing package to fund the biggest tax cuts for half a century.

As pressure grew, Ms Truss and chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng abandoned their plan to scrap the 45p rate of income tax for top earners. She quit No 10 soon afterwards.

She has repeatedly hit out at “the deep state”, last year claiming it sabotaged her efforts to cut taxes.

At the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in the US, she urged Elon Musk and his “nerd army of Muskrats” to examine the “British deep state”.

She has claimed that Britain needs its own version of Donald Trump, and called for a movement in the UK like the Maga movement, saying change had been blocked by an intransigent bureaucracy.

Her new show promises commentary about “the free speech crisis and economic stagnation”, as well as mass migration, global instability, and the “cultural battles reshaping the West”.

Producers say it “confronts the issues that others tiptoe around”.

Ms Truss said: “People in Britain, America and across the free world are tired of being talked down to. They’re tired of experts who get everything wrong, elites who refuse to listen and weak leaders who won’t stand up for Western values.

“In 2022, I was deposed as prime minister for trying to save Britain from the doom loop we are in. I was blamed for a market crisis that was not my fault … It’s time to push back, speak plainly and champion the ideas that built Britain – and can rebuild it again.”

Perfect portraits: from groups to selfies and candid pics, expert tips

Portrait photography has come a long way from the days where everyone needed to be smiling directly into the camera, as a flash bulb popped.

And in fact, following on from an era where social media sites offered very curated, sometimes heavily filtered snapshots of our lives, more natural, candid images that really show off our personalities and experiences are now very much on trend. Think authentic photos of genuine moments where no-one is really paying attention to the camera. Instead they’re focused on enjoying what’s happening and the people they are with. For example, friends around a table enjoying a drink and a chat. Families engaged in a favourite activity. Photos that look like a glimpse into someone’s normal every day.

The best way to capture these in-the-moment shots? On a mobile: our ever-present, hand-held, do-everything device that has steadily taken over photography in the 26 years since the first camera phone appeared. Samsung’s newest device, the Galaxy S25 FE offers a wealth of photography-first features, from multiple cameras, lenses and wide angle settings, to in-built AI technology that will help you take the best possible pictures, then easily edit them afterwards. And as a photographer who runs masterclasses in mobile photography I couldn’t wait to try it out.

The phone itself is slim and lightweight, which makes it so much easier to hold steady, for clear, crisp, blur-free images, and take discreet, candid snaps.

Of course, we all have friends, family members and even pets who love performing for the camera. But for those who are a bit more reluctant to step into the frame, the Galaxy S25 FE offers a whole host of easy-to-use, fun AI features that will have even the most camera-shy feeling completely confident and ready for their close-up.

Samsung’s Drawing Assist function is a prime example and was an absolute hit with my kids, transforming our Sunday afternoon walk from a litany of moaning and dragging feet into a fun-filled adventure involving a lucky escape from the shark that apparently now lives in the park pond, and flying through the air with some giant balloons.

And all it took was a few simple, if strategically positioned snaps and some quick sketches using the Sketch to Image* function when editing the photo. This works best when you have some space in the frame around your subjects so you can easily draw what you want to add. In the shark image, for example, we needed enough water to the left of my kids for the shark to emerge from.

In the photo where the children are flying with the balloons, I needed them to be high up against the sky, and I also wanted the trees visible to add some context to the story we were trying to tell. They’re on top of the boulders, but I had to crouch down on the ground to cut out the houses in the background. By using the Generative Edit** function I was then able to replace the boulders with trees and then used Sketch to Image to draw in some balloons to make it look like they were floating away.

You don’t need to be an amazing artist for Sketch to Image to work well either, just enough line and shape for the app to recognise what you want to add into your image. The only limit here is your imagination and creativity. Involving the kids in some fun photography also meant that I got to capture some real, candid moments of them in the beautiful Autumn sunshine, with none of the usual complaints.

While playing around with reality can be fun, the Galaxy S25FE’s other AI features can also be used to make more subtle adjustments to enhance your images.

Just a few minutes of work with the Generative Edit function on a day out with a friend, helped me erase two unwanted photobombers from a photo (in which she perfectly co-ordinated with the graffitied heart wall in Borough Market). While removing some distracting weedkiller from the table where my cat was basking in the sunshine ensured the perfect pic where I can really appreciate him in all his fluffy glory.

Aside from fun and helpful editing functions, the phone’s AI technology is also running in the background to give your photos a boost, whatever and whenever you are capturing them.

This is great when you’re shooting challenging lighting conditions, for example at night. Dark, grainy and blurred photos are a thing of the past, with Samsung’s Nightography feature. Tapping the yellow moon icon that appears in dim lighting will enable this clever function which captures multiple images and then uses AI to blend them together to create one sharper, brighter image.

This can take a few seconds, so you’ll need to keep very still when using this feature – if you can, brace your arms on a table and hold the phone with two hands to keep the camera as steady as possible. It also helps if your subject is still, so this is more for capturing adults and older kids than snapping a restless pet or fast-moving child.

For these trickier subjects, from youngsters to four-legged friends, the excellent autofocus on the device makes for pin-sharp portraits rendered in high definition. And if you couple that with the outstanding Samsung colour profile you get beautifully saturated, nicely contrasted images which really pop. All the colours are beautifully rendered and all skin tones (and fur tones) are true to life. No filters are needed here.

And this is not just true of portraits you take of other people. The 12 MP camera lens on the front of the phone makes for gorgeously rendered, high resolution selfies with a variety of crop options, so you can find the perfect angle or image composition.

Taking a selfie at a 1:1 square crop, as well as the standard 3:4 crop option means you can easily include a friend or family member in your photo. And there’s a lovely little feature where you can get the lens to zoom out a little by tapping the ‘two person’ icon to provide a little extra space.

The 9:16 crop option means you can opt for a more flattering, longer and thinner photo while the full frame cop allows you a more zoomed-in selfie.

And if you want to take your selfies to another level, the option to add a little skin toning and smoothing effect and iron out any wrinkles (or in my case remove evidence of a sleepless night) is one of the additional features that makes the selfie camera stand out!

The excellent battery life means you don’t need to worry about it lasting, even after a few hours of photo fun. And when your battery does run down, lightning fast charging will see you back at 60 per cent in just 30 minutes, so you don’t have to wait long until you are good to go again.

Overall, whether it is taking vibrant portraits of yourself or capturing creative, candid images of the people (and pets) in your lives, making memories you’ll want to share is easy and fun with the Galaxy S25 FE.

Kirsty Hamilton is a portrait photographer – find out more at her website and on Instagram.

To find out more about the Samsung Galaxy S25 FE visit Samsung

*Samsung account login and network connection may be required for certain AI features.

**Samsung account login is required. Requires network connection.

Public ‘left in dark’ about impact of migration because of poor data

Data on migration and crime is “full of holes” and is leaving the public and politicians in the dark about the true impact of immigration on the UK, an expert report has warned.

New research published by the influential Migration Observatory at the University of Oxford said the government does not know how many people are in the country unauthorised and has inadequate information about what happens to asylum seekers before or after they make their first claim.

There is also little data on the number of immigration cases that are affected by the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), leaving public debate starved of vital information, academics warned.

Labour has pledged to try and change the way that the ECHR is interpreted by UK judges in a bid to stop asylum seekers using their rights to a family life to avoid deportation. Home Office officials have claimed that the ECHR is “allowing large numbers of people to stay in the UK, against the public’s wishes”.

But Dr Madeleine Sumption, director of the Migration Observatory, said that current data cannot give the public a clear picture of when the ECHR is used in such cases.

She added: “This makes it harder for the public or policymakers to make an informed choice about an important decision with long-term repercussions for the UK”.

Shadow home secretary Chris Philp accused Labour of “hiding the very data the public need to understand what is happening to our borders”.

He said the government was “refusing to publish key enforcement data and they avoid saying how many cases are affected by human rights law,” adding that ministers were “keeping the country in the dark because the truth would expose how weak and incompetent their approach really is”.

Meanwhile, Steve Smith, CEO of Care4Calais, warned that a vacuum of good information could be manipulated, saying: “The public debate on migration is full of politically motivated rhetoric, and almost entirely devoid of facts. It’s a dangerous situation that is undoubtedly inflaming hate and bolstering far-right actors.”

The data gaps highlighted by the Migration Observatory included statistics about migrants’ economic outcomes and how they change over time, a lack of information about the impact of migration on public services, and holes in data about immigration enforcement and returns.

They also said that there is no official data on the nationalities or immigration statuses of people arrested as suspects, prosecuted in criminal cases, or convicted of crimes. There is also little data on migrants as victims of crime, the research paper, published on Friday, said.

Last year, Conservative home secretary James Cleverly was accused of appearing to “have lost thousands of people” after officials admitted that 4,000 asylum seekers had lost contact with the Home Office. Around 85 per cent of the 5,000 people who have been identified for removal to Rwanda were ‘lost’, according to reports.

Almost 6,000 asylum seekers whose claims have been withdrawn had also gone missing, ministers admitted last year.

Dr Peter Walsh, senior researcher at the Migration Observatory, said: “These evidence gaps are particularly challenging when trying to track asylum seekers through the immigration system: official data can’t tell us much about what happens to asylum seekers who are refused but not returned, or what type and sequence of appeals some people make when told they must leave the UK.

“These are important questions, especially at a time when the government plans to reorganise the immigration and asylum appeals system”.

Mr Smith, from Care4Calais, added: “Under Labour, it feels even less transparent than it was under the Tories.” Mr Smith pointed to a regression on Freedom of Information Rights on the release of data and “mimicking anti-migration rhetoric” as degrading the standard of debate.

He added: “People should be concerned about this problem. Today the vacuum is being used to attack refugees, but tomorrow it could be used to attack the rights of everyone”.

A Home Office spokesperson said:“These findings are not acceptable, but they are a product of this government’s inheritance of a migration system that was out of control.

“We are now pursuing major reform to restore order and control at our border, and to ensure our migration system is fair for British citizens. Net migration to the United Kingdom is down by two-thirds under this Government, and the removal of illegal migrants is up 23% to nearly 50,000.”

Stark warning for NHS over drop in international nurses coming to UK

A crash in the numbers of international nurses and midwives coming to the UK “should sound alarm bells” with experts warning that stricter immigration rules could affect the NHS’s ability to care for patients.

An almost 50 per cent fall in the number of foreign nurses coming to work in the UK from April 1 to September has coincided with a slowing of the overall growth of the workforce, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) said.

The new figures from the regulator have prompted concerns from experts and healthcare leaders who fear the number of domestic nurses joining the health service will not be able to fill the gap left by international workers.

Commentators pointed out that the health and care system has relied on international recruitment “for generations” and warned that plans to tighten visa rules and cut immigration could “deepen” workforce shortages.

Lynn Woolsey, chief nursing officer at the Royal College of Nursing, warned: “International recruitment is collapsing, even before further hostile immigration policies come in, while the number of domestic joiners continues to stall.

“At a time of already widespread nursing staff shortages, with tens of thousands of nursing jobs remaining unfilled, the dashboard is flashing red for the future of services and patient care.”

She added: “At the current rate, the number of domestic nurses joining will nowhere near make up for the collapse in overseas nursing staff coming to the UK.

“We now need to see a serious, detailed and fully funded plan to grow the domestic workforce and an end to the pursuit of hostile immigration policies.”

NMC figures show that from April 1 to September 30, some 6,321 international workers joined the register for the first time – a 49.6 per cent drop compared with the same period last year when 12,534 joined the register.

This means that only 31.1 per cent of new joiners were from outside of the UK during this period – a figure which is usually around 50 per cent, the NMC said.

Factors could include better earning potential in different countries, visa changes and a plan to increase domestic recruitment, the NMC said.

Paul Rees, NMC chief executive and registrar, said: “The high-growth era of international recruitment appears to be ending. At the same time, domestic recruitment is steady.”

Suzie Bailey, director of leadership and organisational development at The King’s Fund, said: “The dramatic fall in international nurse and midwife recruitment and retention should be sounding alarm bells for politicians, health and care leaders, and people who rely on health and care services.

“Our health and care system has relied on international recruitment for generations.

“Recent proposals to cut immigration, tighten visa rules, and even deport those living here legally risk deepening workforce shortages and putting patient safety at risk.”

She added: “These changes don’t just create workforce gaps, they can create fear and run the risk of talented and dedicated staff being made to feel unwelcome. That could lead to longer waits for patients as staff become increasingly overstretched and feel undervalued.”

Overall, the NMC said there was a record number of 860,801 nurses, midwives and nursing associates on its register.

But it pointed out a slowdown in the rate of growth between April and September compared with the same time frame last year. It added that Black, Asian or minority ethnic nurses and midwives are being “held back” by experiences of racism.

Mr Rees added: “Overall growth of the UK’s nursing and midwifery workforce has slowed sharply.

“Nonetheless, there are now more nurses, midwives and nursing associates on the register than ever. The register has also continued to become more ethnically diverse – a third of nursing and midwifery professionals are now black, Asian or minority ethnic.

“However, these professionals are often held back by their experiences of racism and other forms of discrimination that sadly appear to be growing again in our society.

“Some of our registrants see the situation as being worse now than at any time in the last 30 years, suggesting we have reached a crisis point.

“The whole health sector must do more to confront racism wherever it occurs, so that every nurse, midwife and nursing associate can feel safe, valued and able to deliver the high-quality care that we will all rely on at some point in our lives.”