Freshly picked conservative Prime Minister Michel Barnier finally presented his government on Saturday. 

Dominated by centrists and fellow right-wingers, former EU commissioner Barnier is nonetheless aware of the challenges in getting a deeply fractured National Assembly to agree on thorny issues like a budget, immigration, tax hikes and possible adjustments to President Emmanuel Macron’s controversial pension reform. 

“We’re going to make compromises. I know the culture of compromise quite well. That’s how I managed to unite the 27 countries of the European Union during the Brexit negotiations,” Barnier said in a television interview on Sunday.  

“We have to seize this culture of compromise, it’s not about giving in,” he said. Rather, he insisted it was a question of uniting people who “don’t come from the same place, who are not necessarily heading to the same place, but who, over a period of time, compromise to help the country progress and to serve the people”. 

Analysing Barnier’s comments, French journalist Renaud Dély remarked wryly: “Compromise is not a word we often hear in French political life.”   

It isn’t. Nor does France have the tradition of coalition building more commonly found in Germany, Switzerland and Nordic countries. 

“The idea of deliberation – organised, reasoned debate in the form of an exchange of arguments – has never had the force and legitimacy in France that it has in other countries,” social scientist Loïc Blondiaux told Le Monde.  

“A specific trait of our political culture is, on the contrary, contempt for consensus. Compromise is often seen as synonymous with giving in and weakness.”  

Barnier promises to tackle France’s most pressing problems swiftly

Conflict rather than consensus

“It’s difficult to say that France lacks a culture of compromise in absolute terms,” according to Laure Gillot-Assayag, a researcher in political science and philosophy, who nonetheless acknowledges that the French political landscape has often been shaped over the centuries by conflict rather than consensus.

“The French Revolution, but also more recent events like the Gilets Jaunes [Yellow Vest] protests, social movements and strikes in general, mean France is often seen as a country where social and political tensions are resolved through direct action rather than negotiation.”

The framework of the Fifth Republic – designed in 1958 by its first president Charles de Gaulle to strengthen the executive – is not conducive to compromise either. 

“De Gaulle wanted to put an end to the regime of parties of the Fourth Republic because he saw that as a factor of instability due to constant shifting alliances,” says Gillot-Assayag.

“So it was aimed at making the National Assembly an extension of the president’s will.”

Listen to a conversation on political compromise on the Spotlight on France podcast: 

Imagined instability

Supporters of de Gaulle, past and present, have justified the concentration of presidential powers as a way of avoiding the instability of both the Third Republic (1870-1940) and Fourth Republic (1940-1958), each of which had a series of coalition governments. Some survived less than two months.

And yet politicians of the time defended a tradition of parliamentary compromise.

“We’ve given a very caricatural vision of these regimes because de Gaulle wanted to concentrate power,” says Marie-Anne Cohendet, a professor of constitutional law.

“But some wonderful things happened under the Third and Fourth Republics. And beyond ministerial reshuffles, there was great stability in terms of political staff.” 

What’s more, presidents “presided” and prime ministers “governed” in a way that closer resembles the system of governance in several EU states today.  

France celebrates Fifth Republic in stormy European waters

Top-down government? 

The 7 July parliamentary election delivered three main political forces, with the broad left-wing NFP alliance coming out on top, followed by Macron’s centrist Ensemble coalition and the far-right National Rally (RN) in a close third place. None won a sufficient majority to govern alone. 

“There are 11 political groups in the National Assembly, it’s a record,” Gillot-Assayag points out, deeming that “a culture of compromise is more necessary than ever” if the government is to function in such a deeply divided political landscape.

She takes inspiration from the late French philosopher Paul Ricoeur, who conceptualised compromise as a founding principle of democracy.

“Ricoeur offers a strong and original take on compromise,” she explains, in which a difficult balance has to be maintained between what the theorist calls the vertical axis of authority and a horizontal axis of living together.

“When one of the axes takes over the other, we fall into violence and authoritarianism. In simple terms it means that democracy cannot only be about participation, but neither can it be summed up by a vertical decision-making process – authority needs to be recognised, authored by citizens.”

It turns out Macron was one of Ricoeur’s former pupils and has often cited the philosopher’s influence on his “en même temps” (“at the same time”) approach to politics. 

But by dissolving parliament and calling snap elections without consulting his prime minister or cabinet members, and then flatly refusing to appoint a premier from the left-wing alliance that won those elections – preferring to name a conservative whose party won just 7 percent – Macron appears to have skipped one of his mentor’s lessons. 

“President Macron is not seen as a president who easily compromised,” says Gillot-Assayag. “He’s been accused of authoritarianism” – notably from the left, who saw his appointment of Barnier as “a denial of democracy but also a denial of compromise”.

Battle of wills

Macron is not alone in wanting to impose his will.  

“What we’re seeing, rather than a lack of culture of compromise, is the real obstacles to make it work,” Gillot-Assayag notes. “It’s a problem of individuals.”

Opposition parties such as the hard-left France Unbowed, led by Jean-Luc Mélenchon, and the far-right National Rally, led by Jordan Bardella, are fundamentally opposed to the government’s agenda, she analyses. “It reflects a broader tendency towards radical dissent, rather than compromise.”

Mélenchon’s France Unbowed – the main component in the left-wing NFP alliance – insisted Macron accept its pick for premier and apply the left-wing manifesto in its entirety.

Bardella, meanwhile, ruled out any form of compromise from the get-go, saying ahead of the elections he would only take up the role of prime minister if RN won an absolute majority.

One of the problems is that French politics now revolves around individual leaders rather than parties.

Macron created his centrist Republic on the Move movement (later renamed Renaissance) in 2016, the same year as Mélenchon founded France Unbowed. Marine Le Pen put her mark on her father’s National Front party in 2018, rebranding it the National Rally. 

“We see today that political leaders are polluting the capacity for compromise that existed in the Third and Fourth Republics,” says historian Jean Garrigues. “They all have their eyes fixed on [presidential elections] in 2027.”

Appetite for compromise

Yet while figures like Napoleon Bonaparte and Charles de Gaulle may have “familiarised the French with the idea of authoritarian leaders”, Garrigues told French public radio, “French society is evolving”.

“[People] are rediscovering a taste for deliberation, even the direct democracy of the beginning of the Third Republic.”

Meanwhile, Gillot-Assayag sees ways of integrating Ricoeur’s idea of compromise into policy-making, notably by inviting the public to have a say via citizens’ conventions.  

She also advocates training elected officials in the art of compromise. “Parliamentarians are also citizens after all,” she says, “so we need to make sure they understand their duties and rights as democratic actors in the political system.”

Despite the two-month political deadlock and ongoing mudslinging, “many political parties and the general public in France are beginning to realise that compromise is crucial for democracy”, she believes.

“It’s still quite new, but it’s a significant development.”

Armand stated that he would engage with economic stakeholders, including unions and employers’ organisations in an effort to reduce government overspending.

The deficit is expected to reach 5.6 percent or more of GNP this year – almost double the European Union limit.

“Apart from one or two one-off crisis years in the past 50 years, we have one of the worst deficits in our history,” Armand told broadcaster France Inter.

“On that level, the situation is grave.”

Parliamentary challenges

The new government, led by conservative Prime Minister Michel Barnier, faces a challenging parliamentary process in the coming months.

Ministers must try to get a 2025 budget that includes measure to repair public finances through the National Assembly lower house, which is currently divided into three groups after July’s inconclusive snap elections.

Barnier can count on support from conservatives and President Emmanuel Macron’s much-reduced camp, but the NFP left alliance and the far-right National Rally (RN) could topple the government at any time in a confidence vote if they joined forces.

In a Sunday interview, the prime minister brought “targeted” tax rises on “wealthy people or some large companies” into play as part of a plan to improve finances.

Barnier is expected to present his draft budget early next month, an unprecedented delay from the usual 1 October deadline after Macron took all summer to name a new government chief.

Spare working people

Increasing levies is a departure from policy under seven years of Macron-led governments, which sought to encourage economic activity by reducing taxes on companies, housing, and wealth.

The tax take was reduced by around two percentage points of GDP, to 43.2 percent, between Macron’s first election in 2017 and 2023, according to  the national statistics agency INSEE.

“It’s been seven years of not wanting to increase taxes. That can make sense, but you have to cover it by making an effort to reduce spending… otherwise you blow up the deficit,” said Thomas Philippon, an economist and professor at New York University who advises the French government.

Patrick Martin, head of bosses’ federation Medef, has said he is “open to discussion” about tax rises, as long as the state makes a much greater effort with companies.

Barnier was to meet Martin and the moderate CFDT union on Tuesday afternoon.

“My job is to make sure that any potential taxes that will exist do not hobble our growth, do not hobble job creation,” Armand said.

“We will not place a heavier tax burden on working people, people who belong to the middle class.”

(with newswires)

The board of directors of Le Bois d’Aulne college in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine voted on Monday to change the name of the establishment to Samuel Paty College.

The conservative mayor of the town Laurent Brosse, said it would send “a strong message”, as the school gears up to mark four years since Paty was assassinated.

The decision will now need to be formally validated by the municipal council as well as by the departmental council of Yvelines, northwest of Paris.

For Corinne Grootaert, president of the FCPE parents’ union, the move is in line with Paty’s family’s wishes.

“It is fundamental to honor the memory of Samuel Paty and to fight against obscurantism,” she said.

47-year-old Samuel Paty was stabbed then beheaded by Abdoullakh Anzorov, a Russian refugee of Chechen origin, on 16 October, 2020.

The 18-year-old radicalised Muslim, criticised Paty for showing caricatures of the Mohammed in class.

Before being killed by the police, he had claimed responsibility for his actions by congratulating himself on having “avenged the prophet”.

Court hearings

In April 2022, ten members of Paty’s family filed a complaint against different branches of the French administration, which they accuse of not having protected the professor.

A judicial investigation was opened by the Paris prosecutor’s office for failure to assist a person in danger and failure to prevent a crime.

Slain teacher Samuel Paty’s coworkers grapple with role of ex-pupils in attack

In this case, six former students of the establishment, aged 13 to 15 years old at the time of the assassination, were in  December, 2023, handed sentences ranging from 14 months in prison to six months in prison for their involvement in the assassination.

The trial of eight adults is also scheduled at a special court of Paris, from 12 November 20 December 2024.

Samuel Paty’s sister has also filed a separate legal complaint to have the State’s responsibility recognised in the death of her brother.

(with AFP)

“I have requested that an emergency meeting of the Security Council be held on Lebanon this week,” newly appointed French Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot told the United Nations General Assembly on Monday, calling on all sides to “avoid a regional conflagration that would be devastating for everyone,” especially civilians.

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’s spokesman said he was “gravely alarmed” and cautioned against “the possibility of transforming Lebanon (into) another Gaza.”

“International challenges are moving faster than our ability to solve them,” he said ahead of the gathering in New York.

EU foreign affairs chief Josep Borrell said that the escalating clashes between Israel and Lebanon’s Iran-backed Hezbollah threaten to plunge the Middle East into all-out war. 

“We’re seeing more military strikes, more damage, more collateral damage, more victims. I can say we are almost in a full-fledged war,” Borrell said, adding “everybody has to put all their capacity to stop this”.

His comments came after Lebanese authorities said Israeli airstrikes killed at least 492 people on Monday, including 35 children.

Procrastination

On Gaza, Borrell said “despite all the diplomatic capacity that we have deployed, nothing has been able to stop the war,” accusing both sides of “procrastinating”.

The war erupted after Hamas and other Palestinian militants launched the unprecedented 7 October attack on Israel, drawing in Hezbollah and other Iran-backed groups.

Israel said on Monday it killed a “large number” of Hezbollah militants when it hit about 1,300 sites in southern and eastern Lebanon, including a “targeted strike” in Beirut.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Israel was acting to change the “security balance” in the north.

Hezbollah early on Tuesday morning said it had launched several attacks on Israeli military targets, including an explosives factory 60 kilometres into Israel, with the “Fadi” series of rockets.

Devastating consequences

Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati urged the United Nations and world powers to deter what he called Israel’s “plan that aims to destroy Lebanese villages and towns”.

The United Nations peacekeeping force in south Lebanon warned “any further escalation of this dangerous situation could have far-reaching and devastating consequences”.

Qatar, a mediator in Gaza ceasefire talks, said Israel’s bombardment of Lebanon “puts the region on the brink of the abyss”, while Turkey said the strikes threatened “chaos” and Jordan urged an immediate end to the escalation “before it is too late”.

UN holds ‘Summit of the Future’ to tackle global crises

The Palestinian foreign ministry condemned the strikes and ordered Palestinian medical staff in Lebanon to provide support for the wounded.

Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani has called for an urgent meeting of Arab leaders on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.

Iran’s newly elected president, Masoud Pezeshkian, accused Israel of seeking “to create this wider conflict”.

US focus on de-escalation

US President Joe Biden, who will address the assembly on Tuesday, said Washington was “working to de-escalate in a way that allows people to return home safely”.

The Pentagon said it was sending a small number of additional US military personnel to the Middle East after thousands were deployed earlier alongside warships, fighter jets and air defence systems.

The US is Israel’s main ally and weapons supplier.

Blinken in Israel to push for Gaza ceasefire after Franco-British visit

G7 foreign ministers said in a joint statement that “no country stands to gain” from escalating conflict, warning of “unimaginable consequences” if a regional war broke out.

More than 100 heads of state and government are scheduled to speak during the UN’s centerpiece event, which will run until Monday.

On Tuesday, representatives of Turkey, Jordan, Qatar, Iran and Algeria are slated to take the podium to press for a Gaza ceasefire after nearly one year of war.

Ukraine will also be on the agenda Tuesday when President Volodymyr Zelensky addresses a UN Security Council meeting on Russia’s war on Ukraine.

(with AFP)

According to report carrid by the investigative documentary series Vert de rage (Green with Rage), produced by public French television, of 22 samples of fruits and vegetables purchased in large French supermarket chains, seven contained pesticide residues banned in Europe.

Banned substances

One example was a grapefruit from China which contained two banned products: chlorpyrifos (recognised as neurotoxic, toxic for reproduction and an endocrine disruptor, and propiconazole (recognised as toxic for reproduction).

Within the EU, chlorpyrifos has been banned since 2020, propiconazole since 2009.

Grapes from Peru contained residues of imidacloprid (part of the neonicotinoids family – known to be harmful to bees), and myclobutanil, a fungicide, which was withdrawn from the market within the EU in 2021.

Elsewhere, an orange from Tunisia contained malathion, a pesticide classified as “probably carcinogenic”, banned in the EU since 2008.

ESA research

The documentary cites research done by the NGO network Pesticide Action Network Europe (PAN Europe) which analysed data from the European Food Safety Authority.

It found that pesticides banned in Europe were more prevalent in certain families of products such as coffee, tea, spices and some vegetables.

Tahitian limes, passion fruit and plums are the most affected, while rice, zucchini and plantain bananas were also found to contain pesticides.

Experts weed out flaws in France’s revamped plan to cut pesticides

PAN Europe says that products from elsewhere do not systematically carry pesticides (or residues) banned in the European Union, but the risk of detecting them is higher.

“Imported foods are twice as likely to contain pesticides banned by the EU as foods grown in the EU,” the organisation said.

In France, in 2022, the French public agency in charge of food safety Directorate General for Food (DGAL) issued 2,446 food recalls. 328 of them were linked to the presence of pesticides.

Among them, 296 contained at least one banned pesticide or pesticide residue “exceeding the maximum limit authorised in food”, the documentary reports.

In 2022, the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF), a European alert system which reports problems relating to agri-food products, reported that pesticide residues were the leading cause of food warnings.

French food authority finds traces of banned pesticide in drinking water

Among the products distributed in France, 104 out of 114 notifications concerned the presence of banned pesticides. 

In 2023, RASFF issued 292 notifications for products containing pesticides, of which 77 contained at least one banned pesticide or pesticide residue.

The documentary authors underline that in three years, “26.46 percent of products distributed in France containing banned pesticides came from India”, making this country “the most frequent origin” for this type of problem.

Vert de rage also discussed pesticides that have been withdrawn from the European market, but which are still produced in France to be exported to countries where they remain authorised.

According to Swiss NGO Public Eye, the top five destinations for French-made pesticides in 2023 were Brazil, followed by Ukraine, the United States, Russia and the United Kingdom.

Despite the ban on sales in France, there are concerns that the production of these pesticides is affecting drinking water, surface water and groundwater in the towns where the factories are located.

S&P Global’s purchasing managers’ index (PMI) – a key gauge of the overall health of the economy – dropped to 48.9 in September, down from 51 in August.

Any reading below 50 indicated contraction.

“The eurozone is heading towards stagnation. After the Olympic effect had temporarily boosted France, the eurozone heavyweight economy, the Composite PMI fell in September to the largest extent in 15 months,” said Cyrus de la Rubia, chief economist at Hamburg Commercial Bank.

“Considering the rapid decline in new orders and the order backlog, it doesn’t take much imagination to foresee a further weakening of the economy.”

The survey showed that Germany and France, the eurozone’s top two economies, were largely responsible for driving the slump in the 20-country single currency area.

Olympics just a ‘blip’

French private sector output returned to contraction after the shot in the arm from the Olympics, while German business activity dropped the fastest since February.

The “big decline” in eurozone PMI “suggests that the economy is slowing sharply, that Germany is in recession and that France’s Olympics boost was just a blip”, said Andrew Kenningham, chief Europe economist at London-based research group Capital Economics.

“With France’s new minority government now planning to tighten fiscal policy significantly, prospects for growth in France look increasingly poor,” he said.

Barnier promises to tackle France’s most pressing problems swiftly

President Emmanuel Macron named a new government led by Prime Minister Michel Barnier Saturday, 11 weeks after an inconclusive parliamentary election.

The eurozone PMI data showed the manufacturing sector was down across the board, falling for the eighteenth month in a row.

Messy manufacturing

“Manufacturing is getting messier by the month,” de la Rubia said.

“Looking ahead, the sharp drop in new orders and companies’ increasingly bleak outlook for future output suggest that this dry spell is far from over.”

The decline in business activity could add impetus to calls for the European Central Bank (ECB) to cut its key interest rate again in October.

The bank for the 20 countries that use the euro cut its deposit rate by a quarter point to 3.50 percent this month – the second decrease since June.

The ECB had hiked rates at record pace from mid-2022 to tame surging consumer prices but has started easing the pressure as inflation drifts back down towards its two-percent target.

(with AFP)

The number of migrants arriving in the UK by crossing the English Channel in small boats has topped 25,000 since the start of the year.

The provisional figures published on Monday come as the new Labour government – like the previous Conservative administration – struggles to reduce illegal cross-Channel arrivals.

Asylum requests slump as EU borders tighten following shift to far right

Some 717 migrants crossed the Channel from northern France on Sunday, taking the cumulative number of arrivals so far in 2024 to 25,052, according to Britain’s interior ministry.

A similar number, 707, also made the crossing on Saturday.

The total represents a four percent rise on the equivalent figure at this point last year, but a 21 percent drop on 2022.

Stopping the small boat arrivals on England’s southern shores was a key issue in Britain’s general election in July.

‘Smash the gangs’

Within days of taking power, Labour Prime Minister Keir Starmer scrapped the Conservatives’ controversial scheme to deport migrants to Rwanda. 

Instead Starmer pledged to “smash the gangs” of people smugglers who organise the perilous crossings and are paid thousands of euros by each migrant.

UK uses funds from scrapped Rwanda deportation plan to boost border security

Some 46 migrants have lost their lives attempting to reach the British coast in overloaded rubber dinghies so far this year.

Last month, interior minister Yvette Cooper announced that the government aims over the next six months to achieve the highest rate of deportations of failed asylum seekers in five years.

Widely regarded as the best rubgy player in the world, scrum-half Dupont played a starring role as France claimed Olympic gold in July having helped his club Toulouse to a record 23rd league title and a sixth Champions Cup crown earlier in the summer. 

As well as being named the Top 14’s player of the year on Monday, Dupont – who was flag-bearer for the French delegation at the closing ceremony of the Olympic Games – also garnered the title of best French international for the fourth time in a row.

This is his third double as best player in the league and in the national team, following those of 2021 and 2023.

• France thrash Fiji in rugby sevens to claim first gold medal at Paris Olympics

Kept in reserve by his Toulouse club after a long season, which culminated with the sevens title at the Olympic Games, he is expected to be back on the Top 14 pitch by early or mid-October, ahead of three November tests with France against Japan, New Zealand and Argentina.

Stade Toulousain – two-time defending champions and last year’s league and Champions Cup double winners – have again won the title of best management staff, with coach Ugo Mola at the helm.

‘Incredible emotions’

“You have to measure how lucky you are to win trophies, be that as a team or individually,” Dupont said at Monday’s ceremony in central Paris.

“It’s always nice to have nights like this … We were lucky to feel incredible emotions, be that with Toulouse or the Olympic medal. 

“We’ve realised that we’ve done something great this year,” he added.

• France’s Dupont gets green light to resume full training

Stade Français’ South African centre Jeremy Ward and Bordeaux-Bègles’ Japanese No.8 Tevita Tatafu were also shortlisted for the prize voted by players in the top French league. 

In other categories, Seraphine Okemba claimed the women’s international award and Pau winger Theo Attissogbe claimed the title of breakthrough player of the season. 

The best try of the Top 14 season went to Stade Français winger Penisai Dakuwaqa for a spectacular 100m solo run across the line.

(with AFP)

“Who better than an extraordinary actress to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Césars?”, the Académie des Césars said in a press release on Monday

“Thanks to exceptional talent, a unique career and timeless grace, Catherine Deneuve embodies the very essence of the seventh art”.

Deneuve takes over in the role of honorary president of the annual event from the French actress and director Valérie Lemercier.

It’s her second time as host. Her first time was back in 1983.

Starring in more than 140 films, the 80-year-old is one of the legends of French cinema, and is no stranger to award ceremonies – having won several prestigious titles herself over her long career.

Two Césars for best actress

Her major public debut came in 1964, when she won the best actress award known as the “l’Étoile de Cristal” (the ancestor to the Césars) for her performance in The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (Les parapluies de Cherbourg) by Jacques Demy, which also won the Palme d’Or at the Cannes Film Festival.

Nominated a total of twelve times for the César for best actress, Catherine Deneuve has won two: for Le Dernier Métro by François Truffaut and Indochine by Régis Wargnier.

Her other accolades include lifetime achievement awards: a Golden Lion in Venice, an Honorary Palm in Cannes and an Honorary Golden Bear in Berlin.

She worked with many famous directors including Luis Bunuel, Roman Polanski, André Téchiné, Claude Lelouche, Nicole Garcia, Lars Von Trier, François Ozon and Hirokazu Kore-eda among others.

Screen goddess Catherine Deneuve adorns Cannes Festival poster

Deneuve has always maintained a busy schedule, despite a stroke in 2019, which saw her take a break from the film sets for a few months.

Recently, she appeared with her daughter Chiara Mastroianni in Marcello Mio by director Christophe Honoré, in competition at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival.

The César ceremony, a highlight of the French cinema agenda, was created in 1975 and its first edition took place in April 1976.

Initially broadcast by the public service, it has been broadcast free-to-air by private channel Canal+ since 1994.

The nominations for the 50th César will be announced on 29 January.

The 49th edition saw the triumph of Anatomy of a Fall, by Justine Triet (César for best film and best direction).

(with newswires)

Born in 1972 in Rabat, Morocco, multimedia artist Rita Alaoui has always been drawn to nature, where she finds endless inspiration for paintings, sculptures, collages and video works.

When approached by the EDF Group Foundation  in Paris to participate in a collective exhibition with the theme of sobriety – or moderation – she chose to return to a project she’d already been working on for a while called the “Lawson Cataplasm Garden”.

She had begun collecting information about her family heritage, in particular the use of Lawsonia inermis a medicinal plant, also known as henna, used by her Moroccan great-grandmother.

“It all began with a small anecdote from when I was a child,” Alaoui told RFI.

“My great-grandmother would make a paste from henna and apply it to my arms which I kept scratching because I had eczema.”

Usually associated with a form of temporary tattoo applied by women for weddings or other celebrations in North African cultures, Alaoui wanted to remind people of the ancient healing properties of the plant.

African feminism pumps the heart of Benin’s debut at Venice Biennale

“I wrote a lot, I did a lot of research into herbalism and therapeutic practices. It was a revelation when it came to the poultice. I am an artist, a visual artist. I manipulate materials all the time. I thought to myself, this is great, it’s going to be a tool for me, both to heal myself but also to leave a trace of this history.”

She found the best way to pay tribute to “this woman who gave me a lot of love” was to make a video, to re-enact the healing rituals linked to her childhood.

Back to basics

The notion of “going back to the basics” became a driving force for the project and linked it more closely to the themes of the exhibition.

How can society return to a healthier, more nurturing place? How can society slow down, connect to nature and take the time to care for one another?

What is tomorrow made of? Artists probe consumerist society and planetary crisis

“It is truly a project which links both heritage, transmission and the care that we must give to the earth, because without the earth we cannot do anything,” Alaoui says.

“Obviously, I’m not saying we can cure everything with plants, we mustn’t be naïve. But I think many of our modern ills could be soothed by using plants,” she explains.

To view Alaoui’s work, visitors are invited to enter a cosy, dark alcove decorated with a display of dried henna leaves – which they can touch or smell if they wish. On the walls, several screens relay the images of the artist, mixed with archival photographs.

Stay positive

A narrator’s voice emerges from speakers around the alcove, sharing anecdotes linked to the artist’s family story.

Slightly hypnotic, Alaoui’s slow art performance provides a counterbalance to the speed of today’s society and its unhealthy obsession with consumerism.

Despite being concerned about the future and where humanity is going, she refuses to fall prey to dark thoughts.

“There is this little voice inside me that says we have to stay positive. I don’t want to fall into something catastrophic. I want to do good to myself, I want to do good to others. I would like people who see this project to have a little moment where they feel enveloped, protected.”

Rita Alaoui is one of 23 artists in the exhibition “Tomorrow is Cancelled – Art and Views on Moderation” at the EDF Group Foundation in Paris until 29 September 2024.

More than 800 people died of suspected monkeypox across the continent in that time, the World Health Organization (WHO) said in its report.

Congo’s central African neighbour Burundi has also been hit by a growing outbreak, it added.

Mpox can spread through close contact. Usually mild, it is fatal in rare cases. It typically causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled lesions on the body.

The WHO statement did not give comparative figures from previous years.

The African Union‘s public health agency has said 14,957 cases and 739 deaths were reported from seven affected states in 2023 – a 78.5 percent increase in new cases from 2022.

There were 29,342 suspected cases and 812 deaths across Africa from January to mid-September this year, according to the WHO report.

DR Congo to receive its first shipment of mpox vaccines

A total of 2,082 confirmed cases were reported across the world in August alone, the highest since November 2022.

On Saturday, the World Bank’s pandemic fund said it would give $128.89 million (115 million euros) to ten African countries to help fight the outbreak.

( with Reuters)

Thousands of police officers will be deployed across New Caledonia this Tuesday, which marks 171 years since French forces annexed the archipelago.

The date remains loaded in a territory divided between loyalists who want to stay part of France and indigenous Kanaks – and others – who argue for independence. 

Attempts to turn the anniversary into a celebration of unity haven’t neutralised its charge and this year, amid some of the worst rioting in decades, authorities fear recalling colonial violence will galvanise protesters further.

Colonial project

While European explorers, traders, missionaries and slavers had been interested in the islands they christened New Caledonia since the late 18th century, France was the first power to stake a claim.

Emperor Napoleon III saw the opportunity to establish a foothold in the Pacific, where Britain had already extended its empire, as well as answering French missionaries’ pleas for protection from hostile locals.

On his orders, Admiral Auguste Febvrier-Despointes landed at Balade, site of a Catholic mission on the northern tip of the main island, and had his men hoist the French flag.

The annexation order he issued on 24 September 1853 was signed by French officers and missionaries, but not a single local representative.

Painful legacy

A ruthless campaign followed to establish control over the rest of the territory, the start of decades of dispossession and displacement for local populations. 

A decade later, France turned New Caledonia into a penal colony – allowing it to exile inconvenient prisoners while settling the islands with tens of thousands of white Europeans.

French authorities turned over confiscated land to colonial officials and freed prisoners, while indigenous inhabitants were ultimately relegated to reservations.

Historian Isabelle Merle, who specialises in colonisation in the Pacific, calls it “a unique colonial history”. 

“The strategy of the state from 1853 was to deliberately introduce wave upon wave of French migrants to populate the territory,” she told RFI.

“They tried to transform it into a ‘little Austral France’ as they called it in the 19th century.”

From mourning to reconciliation

New Caledonia remained a French colony until 1946, when it instead became an overseas territory of France.

The change in status paved the way for full citizenship and voting rights for Kanak people, who by then had seen their numbers severely reduced.

As a drive for independence gathered pace in the 1970s, the movement declared 24 September a day of mourning.

But after years of violence throughout the 1980s, then political accords that laid down a roadmap for the territory to govern itself, the early 2000s saw a new appetite for reconciliation.

Key dates in New Caledonia’s history

In 2003, for the 150th anniversary of the annexation, New Caledonia’s pro-independence Culture Minister Déwé Gorodey led a push to reclaim 24 September as a “festival of citizenship”. 

New Caledonians of all backgrounds were invited to gather around the Mwa Kaa, a monumental totem pole erected in the capital, Nouméa, in a spirit of unity.

A plaque at its base bears an extract from the 1998 accord that set a timeline for autonomy: “The past was a time of colonisation. The present is a time of sharing, through the achievement of a new balance. The future must be the time of an identity in a common destiny.”

Tensions high

New Caledonia has officially marked 24 September as a celebration of unity since 2004, but the anniversary remains a powerful symbol of French oppression for pro-independence campaigners.

This year, an association of customary chiefs plans to hold a ceremony unilaterally declaring sovereignty over their traditional lands.

It comes amid unrest over a proposed constitutional reform on voting rights that Kanaks believe would weaken their bloc and make independence harder to achieve in any future referendum.

At least 13 people have died in clashes since May – most recently two men shot and killed by police in the pro-independence stronghold of Saint Louis last week.

Deadly unrest in New Caledonia tied to old colonial wounds

Authorities have cautioned against public gatherings on Tuesday’s anniversary, citing calls on social media for fresh demonstrations.

Some 6,000 police and gendarmes have been mobilised, while a curfew is in place from 6pm to 5am. 

“It’s a celebration that should bring people together around the ideas of shared destiny and citizenship, certainly not divide them,” Théophile de Lassus, chief of staff for the French high commissioner in New Caledonia, told the local branch of FranceInfo. 

“And if some people want to divide and attack New Caledonians, the State will respond very firmly.”

“This ministry will be fully mobilised whenever fundamental freedoms, human rights and minority rights are in danger,” the 41-year-old centrist said during the handover ceremony in Paris.

He promised to “defend international law.”

“The prosperity of France and Europe cannot be built in isolation from the rest of the world,” he said, before flying to the United Nations General Assembly in New York.

The new head of French diplomacy also promised support to Iranian and Afghan women.

“I say this to Iranian women, and I say this to girls in Afghanistan: I have heard your distress call. You are not alone, we will stand by your side.”

They are “not alone”, he said.

Afghan athlete under police protection in France after denouncing Taliban

Democracy under attack

Barrot listed four “challenges” he believes the world is facing: peace, climate, democracy and prosperity.

“We are living in a time of geopolitical crises of exceptional gravity. Never has the international order been subjected to such violent winds that want to tear it down, to replace it with an international order based on force,” he said.

He mentioned Ukraine, the Middle East, Haiti, the Great Lakes region, the South China Sea, where he said his ministry would “defend international law with all its might in the service of a just peace.” 

“Democracy is under attack from all sides. Our country is the target and the target of the enemies of democracy. France will defend itself against all foreign interference, against all hybrid threats,” he added.

Meet the key ministers shaping France’s new government 

Profoundly European

Previously junior minister in charge of Europe, Barrot’s nomination at the Foreign office is seen a sign of President Emmanuel Macron’s determination to keep a firm grip on his ‘reserved domain,’ according to analysts.

Vice-president of the centre-right MoDem party, he is the fourth French Foreign Minister since Emmanuel Macron was first elected president in 2017, and the third since the start of Macron’s second term in 2022. 

His career began at the Finance Ministry, as junior minister for digital affairs, from July 2022 to January of this year, which seems more fitted with his degree from HEC business school and his doctorate in management science, with his research interests including corporate finance.  

He then arrived at the Quai d’Orsay in February 2024, following a government reshuffle, to replace Laurence Boone.

Son of the former minister and European Commissioner Jacques Barrot, he inherited the legacy of being “a convinced European”.

Critics have however described him as living “on his father’s reputation”.

 (with newswires)

A day after President Emmanuel Macron appointed a new government, Prime Minister Michel Barnier told the France 2 broadcaster that the government’s financial situation was “very serious”.

The situation required measures to rein in spending and raise income, he added – and high earners would have to “do their bit” to help France’s finances recover.

But there would be no income-tax increases for “people with low incomes, or wage earners, or the middle-income class”, he said.

“I am not going to increase the tax burden for all French people further, they already pay the highest taxes among all EU partners,” he said.

Who is France’s new prime minister Michel Barnier?

Barnier, who heads up a government condemned by its critics as too far to the right, promised to move fast to tackle the country’s most pressing problems.

As he geared up for his first cabinet meeting on Monday afternoon, Barnier called for “the greatest possible cohesion” within the government, and for a willingness to find “compromise”.

His government’s most immediate and daunting task will be to put together a budget for 2025 to be submitted to lawmakers by 1 October.

France’s total debt stands at 110 percent of GDP, or close to €3.2 trillion.

Weaker-than-expected tax revenues and higher spending by local governments has left its public sector budget deficit spiralling towards 6.2 percent of economic output next year if nothing is done to rein it in.

It is in breach of European Union deficit rules and credit rating agencies are scrutinising French decision-making carefully.

“A large part of our debt has been placed on international and foreign markets. We have to maintain France’s credibility,” Barnier said.

Barnier, who was the EU’s lead negotiator during Britain’s Brexit negotiations, also said he was also open to changes to Macron’s pension reform but that any changes should not undermine the pension system’s precarious finances.

Tilt to right as French PM Barnier appoints government after months of deadlock

He said by way of example that he wanted to better take into account the hardships faced by working mothers over the course of long careers and that he was open to the input of employers and unions.

Macron’s political opponents on the left and far right have already threatened votes of no confidence against Barnier’s government. They say the government is not a reflection of how the French voted in the July poll.

“This is more Macron. It’s a government that has no future,” Jordan Bardella, chairman of Marine Le Pen’s National Rally party, earlier said.

Barnier’s government lacks a majority and will need to keep the far-right on side and deter it from voting to bring the government down if it is to survive. Perhaps with that in mind, Barnier said he would get tough on immigration.

“We need a European response. We need to take action at home too,” Barnier said. “We need to deal with the immigration issue much more rigorously.”

 (with newswires)

The special force arrived in Fort-de-France on Sunday.

It comes after the local representative of France’s central government in its overseas territory said in a statement that protests were forbidden in the municipalities of Fort-de-France, Le Lamentin, Ducos and Le Robert until Monday.

The government has also issued a curfew.

Martinique imposes night curfew as rising living costs trigger unrest

The restrictions came after violent protests broke out on the island last week over the high cost of living, with gunfire injuring at least six police officers and one civilian.

Police fired tear gas and government officials said several stores were also looted.

Officials said the bans were meant “to put an end to the violence and damage committed at gatherings, as well as to the numerous obstacles to daily life and freedom of movement that penalise the entire population, particularly at weekends.”

But the measure was met by defiance by many on the island, with large peaceful protests held on Saturday night.

Videos from local media show crowds of thousands peacefully walking along highways overnight banging on drums and waving flags.

Martinique’s leaders requested help from the elite police force amid the recent protests but this has been met with a sharp rejection by some in the territory.

Tragic history

Known as the Companies for Republican Security (CRS), it was banned in the French territory following bloody riots in December 1959.

The unit had been accused of using disproportionate force against protesters, ending in the deaths of a number of young demonstrators.

France’s top court denies appeal for reparations by descendants of slaves

The force is rarely deployed in French territories in the Caribbean, but was called on during riots and strikes in Guadeloupe in 2009.

Béatrice Bellay, a representative of the socialist party on the island, blasted the move, saying: “Martinique is not in a civil war, it is a social war.” She called for an “open and transparent dialogue” between protesters and the government.

“This measure only serves to aggravate tensions and distract attention from the legitimate demands of the people of Martinique,” she wrote in a statement Sunday.

 (AP)

Ruto visited Haiti to assess the progress of the Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission, where Kenya is playing a leading role to curb rampant gang violence that has ushered years of political chaos and mass displacement.

“On the suggestion to transit this into a fully UN Peacekeeping mission, we have absolutely no problem with it, if that is the direction the UN security council wants to take,” Ruto said on Saturday in the capital, Port-au-Prince.

“There are many people who thought Haiti was mission impossible, but today they have changed their minds because of the progress you have made,” he added. 

Kenya has also pledged to send 600 more police officers to Haiti in the coming weeks, as expected.  

Ruto stopped in Haiti while en route to the United Nations General Assembly in New York. 

He met with the president of the Transitional Presidential Council, Edgard Leblanc Fils and visited the Kenyan base in Clercine, where he greeted the Kenyan police officers on duty, according to RFI’s correspondent in Haiti.

The 21 September visit marked 100 days of deployment of Kenyan police in Haiti, but concrete results are still to be seen.

African-led mission

The mandate of the MSS mission was first approved by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) last year, for 12 months, and will expire at the start of October.

Kenya-led mission to Haiti faces scrutiny as UN mandate deadline looms

On Friday, the United Nations’ expert on human rights in Haiti said that the situation has worsened, with now about 700,000 people internally displaced.

Kenya sent about 400 police officers to Port-au-Prince in June and July from an expected total of 1,000, after the Security Council approved the MSS mission.

A handful of other countries have together pledged at least 1,900 more troops, including Benin.

UN launches emergency appeal for Haiti as Benin mulls joining multinational security mission

Earlier this month, the UNSC began considering a draft resolution to extend the MSS mandate and ask the UN to plan for it to become a formal peacekeeping mission.

The 15-member council is due to vote on 30 September on the mandate renewal.

Mixed results

More than 578,000 Haitians have been internally displaced by the gang violence, according to data from the International Organization for Migration (IOM).

The efficacy of the MSS mission has been criticised however, amid delays in deployments of manpower and vital equipment needed to fight powerful gangs.

The idea of a UN peacekeeping force, first floated by the US, is also controversial in Haiti given the introduction of cholera by UN troops and several sexual abuse cases the the last time they were in Haiti.

Ruto’s positive perception of the mission was contradicted by a United Nations security expert, William O’Neill.

Just days earlier, he warned that Haiti’s National Police still lack the “logistical and technical capacity” to fight gangs.

The security mission is expected to reach a total of 2,500 personnel, with the Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin and Chad also pledging to send police and soldiers, although there isn’t a clear calendar for now.

 (with newswires)

Amid a heavy police presence, protesters for a second week marched along Tunis’ main avenue, a focal point of 2011 “Arab Spring” revolution, chanting slogans including “The people want the fall of the regime” and “Out with dictator Saied”.

The protest came after lawmakers proposed a bill to strip the administrative court of its authority to adjudicate electoral disputes, a move that the opposition says would discredit the 6 October election, and pave the way for Saied to secure a second term.

“He committed a robbery and seized all the powers!” a Tunisian woman who works as a civil servant told RFI. “Kais Saied does not believe in any partner – whether it comes from the people, the parties, civil society or the opposition. He thinks he is a prophet on Earth!” 

Some protesters also recounted the difficulties they encountered in participating in the demonstration.

“It was not easy to get to the place of the gathering,” a 60 year old woman told RFI, asking for anonymity. “The police made us take detours: ‘Go this way, go that way, stop’…”

“Kais, oh dictator, your turn will come,” others chanted.

This new series of protests follows a first demonstration last weekend.

Tunisia’s presidential campaign continues amid protests over restricted freedoms

Unfair campaign

Two weeks before the election, NGOs and parties still active in the country are promising to take to the streets again to protest against what they call the return of dictatorship.

“We had a revolution to gain a little more democracy and to get out of arbitrariness but unfortunately we are in an even worse situation than before,” another woman told our correspondent in Tunis, referring to the Arab Spring started in December 2010.

Tunisian president removes minister following protests

“Saied’s steps show that he is no longer popular and he fears losing the election”, Nabil Hajji, the leader of the opposition Attayar party, told Reuters news agency.

“Tunisians now have only one choice, which is the streets to defend our democracy,” he said.

Political tensions in the North African country have risen since an electoral commission named by Saied disqualified three prominent presidential candidates, Mondher Znaidi, Abdellatif Mekki and Imed Daimi.

Lack of justice

The commission defied the administrative court, the highest judicial body in election-related disputes, and allowed only two candidates to run against Saied.

One of them, Ayachi Zammel, is in jail after being sentenced on Wednesday to 20 months in prison for falsifying signatures on election paperwork in what he calls a politically motivated case.

Amnesty International has demanded that Tunisian authorities end their clampdown on rights and freedoms, stop the harassment of opponents, journalists, HRDs and NGOs, and stop undermining the judiciary and the rule of law.

“The courts are now being used against the political opposition, against critics of the government in place and against journalists who defend human rights, activists and also the shrinking of space in relation to the activity of NGOs,” Amnesty’s Fida Hammami told RFI.

“For the first time, the body that is responsible for organising the elections does not allow two leading organisations in the fields of observation and transparency to observe the elections.”

Critics say Saied is using the electoral commission and judiciary to secure victory by stifling competition and intimidating candidates.

The president denies the accusations, saying he is fighting traitors, mercenaries and the corrupt.

Saied was democratically elected in 2019, and has since tightened his grip on power.

He began ruling by decree in 2021 in a move the opposition has described as a coup.

 (with Reuters)

For three years, photojournalist Jérôme Gence, who is also a freelance data analyst, focused on the use of screens by children in France and in Nepal and India.

He visited children and parents’ in their homes, met a psychologist treating addiction to screens, went to a helpine center in charge of cyberbullying and to a hospital in Toulouse using digital technologies to reduce pain for hospitalised children.

His photos series “The screen generation” was shown at Visa pour l’image festival in Perpignan.

RFI: What is your project ‘The screen generation’ about?

Jérôme Gence: I try to explain the success of the digital world today for kids, and I think the answer is, in the real world, what are the values we’re passing on to the next generation?

Another point is that we give so much power to only a few tech companies in the world, which belong to investors and those investors collect data.

And the main target, I will say is the kids and the next generation, because they’re going to be the adults of tomorrow.

I think we are facing a time bomb for billions of kids and for the next generation.

RFI: What was the reaction of the parents when you asked them about their children using the screens, smartphones etc.?

JG: During this photo story, I didn’t meet any parents who said ‘I want my kids to be connected as much as possible’.

I met parents who said ‘I feel powerless because if I give my kids those devices, I lose control. But if I don’t give them a device, they’re going to be excluded from society’.

The word ‘device’ is really important because it’s not only about smartphones or tablets. It’s about how the screen today surrounds the lives of children.

A psychologist specialised in addictions that I met for this project told me that ‘to understand the behavior of the kids, you have to understand the addiction of the parents.’

Also, a few days ago, I was in an ice cream store. To order an ice cream, you first order it on a screen and then talk to a human being to say ‘this is the flavour that I want’.

So we are putting a screen as an interface between two human beings.

To me, this is a kind of human trafficking to the next generation.

RFI: This topic is complex, what can be done?

JG: I think we have to talk about it first and we have to bring education. And education also comes with regulations.

I think education is the key but the problem is today even in education, we are giving so much power to the digital, to the screen, just by the fact that the screens in the short term are going to help the kids.

It was so complex to do this project because you have different issues according to the countries.

The issues aren’t the same in Nepal, in India, and for developing countries in general compared to rich countries. 

This represents “one meal a week per person”, or around €157 a year, Meleyne Rabot, the company’s new managing director, told French news agency AFP.

Too Good To Go  estimates that each French person is responsible for the unnecessary use of 1.3 square kilometres of farmland and 390 litres of water, “more than two bathtubs of water every week”.

In addition, more than a kilo of CO2 equivalent is emitted unnecessarily.

The company, which enables retailers to offer their unsold produce at reduced prices based its calculation on Eurostat data from the French ministry of ecological transition. According to them, 1.7 million tonnes of edible waste were thrown away by French households in 2021.

The latest data shows that 39 percent of food waste occurs at consumer level, compared with 22 percent at primary production level, i.e. on farms.

Prevention

14 percent occurs at the agro-industrial processing level, 12 percent at distribution level and 13 percent at consumption outside the home, in canteens or restaurants.

That means a total of 4.3 million tonnes is thrown away along the entire food chain, according to the SDES, the Ministry’s statistics department.

Edible waste accounts for just under half of the overall food waste in France which accounts for 8.8 million tonnes, including bones and peelings.

France introduces compulsory home compost but infrastructure lacking says NGO

With 129 kilogrammes per inhabitant of food waste globally each year, France is just below the European average of 131 kilogrammes per inhabitant, SDES said in April.

Too Good To Go, which was set up in 2016, claims to have “helped prevent the waste of more than 350 million meals”, and says it has “100 million users and 170,000 active partners across 19 countries”.

Its communication comes ahead of the UN international day to raise awareness of food loss and waste, on 29 September.

In a bid to reduce landfill, France brought in a compulsory compost rule as of 1 January, 2024. People are now obliged to separate food waste from ordinary waste using compulsory compost bins in their buildings or provided in public parks by their town halls.

(with AFP)

Conceived in the early 2010s, the development was to transform a strip of industrial wasteland between the River Orne and the canal linking Caen to the sea into 2,300 homes, as well as tens of thousands of square metres of office space.

But the construction “will not happen”, said Thibaud Tiercelet, director general of the “Caen Peninsula” planning society in charge of the Nouveau Bassin (New Basin) project.

In 2023, just as all the authorisations to start work on the project had been obtained, Tiercelet was alerted by a group of experts tasked with determining the impact of climate change on the Normandy region.

That group’s findings were stark enough to convince then-Caen mayor Joel Bruneau to sink the development.

“In 2017, the estimated rise in sea level was 20 centimetres (eight inches) by 2100,” Tiercelet recalled of the data.

But “in 2020 it was 60 centimetres, and in 2023 it was one metre”.

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projects a “likely” sea level rise of 40 to 80 centimetres by 2100.

But it also notes this estimate does not take into account poorly understood drivers that could push sea levels significantly higher, such as the rapid disintegration of the polar ice sheets.

In any case, the IPCC advises that urban planners in coastal cities “may wish to consider global-mean sea level rise above the assessed likely range”.

France’s beekeepers count cost of devastating year as honey production plummets

‘It will flood every week’

At present, the 17-kilometre-long strip, dubbed Caen’s “peninsula”, is only 70 centimetres above the canal’s water level.

“If the sea rises by one metre, it will flood here every week,” urban planner Tiercelet said.

While climate scientists stress that there is uncertainty about the extent and pace of the rise in water levels, the fact is that they will happen.

As for the level of the canal, it is currently regulated by a lock “which only has 50 centimetres of leeway at high tide”, noted Tiercelet.

So in a few decades, it may no longer be able to fulfil its role.

Plans for the development have been shelved as a result, with improvements to the promenade on the “peninsula” scheduled instead – pending a study into the water dynamics of the entire Orne river estuary.

France’s first wind-propelled cargo ship successfully crosses Atlantic

‘Temporary uses’

Besides the project, the sea level rise projections also scuppered “the extension of the tramway and an access footbridge” to the strip, said Emmanuel Renard, vice-president for land use and development in the Caen-la-Mer urban community.

Renard said they were looking at “transitional urban planning for 40 years with temporary uses” for the area – which could include student housing or craft workshops on the land where disused warehouses are awaiting demolition.

As seawater rises more frequently through the estuary and groundwater, the strip’s freshwater ecosystem will gradually become saline and brackish.

The tree species that will soon be planted around the promenade, which is currently being cleaned up, have been chosen to suit this future ecosystem.

“It’s the end of a 170-year-old model, of the technological explosion that allowed the era of large-scale construction and mastery over our environment,” Tiercelet said.

And now we’re going to have to adapt.”

Antoine Armand, finance minister

A relative newcomer to politics, Armand, 33, was first elected to parliament in 2022 on the centrist ticket of Macron’s camp and was re-elected in July’s snap legislative election.

In the new parliament, he had been set to head the economic committee in the lower house until Barnier tapped him for the top job at the powerful Ministry of Economics and Finance.

Armand is no stranger to “Bercy” as the ministry is often called in France, having joined its elite corps of finance inspectors after graduating in 2018 from the prestigious Ecole Nationale d’Administration – a training college for future senior civil servants that Macron also attended.

He will be seconded by Laurent Saint-Martin on budget issues, a delicate portfolio that will report directly to the prime minister, as France struggles to contain a rising budget deficit and contemplates spending cuts and tax hikes.

Tilt to right as French PM Barnier appoints government after months of deadlock

Bruno Retailleau, interior minister

A conservative senator since 2004, Bruno Retailleau, 63, is known for his hard-right views and is the most senior figure from his Republicans (LR) party to enter Barnier’s government.

Retailleau was a driving force behind the party’s shift to the right in an increasingly polarised political landscape, in particular on hot-button issues such as immigration.

As leader of the conservative group of senators, Retailleau has criticised Macron’s latest attempts to toughen immigration rules, calling for a much tougher stance that would include constitutional changes allowing welfare benefit cuts.

He has also urged tougher policing on left-wing and environmental protesters and opposed Macron’s push to add the right for women to pursue an abortion to the constitution.

Jean-Noel Barrot, foreign minister

Barrot, 41, is promoted to foreign minister after serving as junior minister for European affairs since February 2024. Before that he was Macron’s minister for digital affairs.

Barrot comes from a family with a strong political background. His father, Jacques Barrot, was a prominent French politician who served in various ministerial positions and as a European commissioner.

He provides essential political balance for the government, hailing from the centrist party of Francois Bayrou, the political veteran whose independent MoDem party Macron needs to keep on his side.

Impeachment proceedings against France’s Macron pass first hurdle

Benjamin Haddad, Europe minister

Haddad, 38, a fluent English-speaker with excellent contacts in Washington, DC, where he spent years working at a think-tank, was first elected to parliament in 2022 under Macron’s party colours.

He has been vocal on diplomatic issues and especially the war in Ukraine, having convinced tens of European lawmakers to sign a plea to the US Congress to unlock aid for Ukraine at the end of 2023.

Sebastien Lecornu, defence minister

Lecornu, a Macron loyalist, remains in his post at the helm of the Defence Ministry.

A low-profile minister who started his career in conservative ranks, he was excluded from the Republicans after being named a junior minister in Macron’s government in 2017.

(Reuters)

In Istanbul’s conservative Uskudar district overlooking the Bosphorus waterway, activists from the group 1,000 Youth for Palestine recently gathered to protest the killing by Israeli security forces of the Turkish-American activist Aysenur Ezgi Eygi.

But along with chants condemning Israel, the demonstrators also attacked Erdogan and his government for Turkey’s continuing trade with Israel.

“I am here to force the Turkish government to stop the oil trade with Israel and to stop genocide,” declared Gulsum, a university academic who only wanted to be identified by her first name for security reasons.

“This is not just a public demand. It’s also a legal obligation for Turkey to stop genocide.”

Since the start of Israel’s military campaign in Gaza, the student-based group has directed its protests at the export of Azerbaijani oil to Israel by way of a Turkish port.

It also targets Turkish companies – many of which have close ties to Erdogan – that it accuses of circumventing the trade embargo by using third parties.

Turkey talks tough on Israel but resists calls to cut off oil

Unifying cause

The group uses social networks to broadcast its message, getting around government-controlled media.

The activists say they have received broad support that crosses Turkey’s traditional divides of religious and secular.

“When it comes to Palestine, it is a story that we all unite about,” said Gizem, a university student and 1,000 Youth for Palestine member.

“There are those who define themselves as socialists and those who define themselves as Islamists. There are also apolitical youth who say ‘I don’t like politics’, but still join us.”

While Erdogan presents himself as a stalwart defender of the Palestinian cause, police are cracking down on the protests.

One of the group’s Palestinian members was arrested after activists disrupted a panel discussion on Israel hosted by the state broadcaster. She now faces deportation in a case that has provoked further protests.

Images of police arresting headscarf-wearing members of the group further embarrassed Erdogan and his religious base.

Protests escalate in Turkey over Azerbaijani oil shipments to Israel amid embargo

‘Divide and rule’

Sezin Oney, a commentator for Turkey’s Politikyol news portal, says the group’s diversity poses a problem for Erdogan, given he has often sought to exploit the deep divisions between religious and secular voters when facing attack.

She argues that 1,000 Youth for Palestine’s ability to bridge those gaps is indicative of a wider change in Turkish society.

“It’s actually portraying the current youth of Turkey – you don’t have monolithic circles in the grassroots,” explains Oney.

“You have a mixture: hybrid groups of conservatives, conservative-looking, but very progressive,” she says. “Such hybrid groups are coming together because of a cause, but ideologically or background-wise or social class-wise, they may be very diverse.

“And that’s something threatening for the government. Because the government is embarking on divide and rule.”

Persistent political headache

Erdogan lost heavily in local elections earlier this year, a defeat widely blamed both on economic problems and anger over Turkey’s ties to Israel.

The 1,000 Youth for Palestine activists say they hope to continue to build on those results. 

“The reason for our success is that we put our finger on the right spot. We expose the hypocrisy of both the capitalists, the corporations and the government,” claims Murat, a university student who belongs to the group.

“People also saw this hypocrisy and thought that someone should speak out, and they supported us a lot because of that,” he added. “We will unite as the people of Turkey and continue to stand in the right place in history to stop the massacre in Palestine.”

The diversity of 1,000 Youth for Palestine is seen as its main strength, which is why it will likely continue to pose a political headache for Erdogan. Yet it may also offer hope that the deep divides in Turkish society can be bridged.

Hello everyone! Welcome to The Sound Kitchen weekly podcast, published every Saturday – here on our website, or wherever you get your podcasts. You’ll hear the winner’s names announced and the week’s quiz question, along with all the other ingredients you’ve grown accustomed to: your letters and essays, “On This Day”, quirky facts and news, interviews, and great music … so be sure and listen every week.

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Do not give up! As Lidwien van Dixhoorn, the head of “Le Français facile” service told me: “Bathe your ears in the sound of the language, and eventually, you’ll get it.” She should know – Lidwien is Dutch and came to France hardly able to say “bonjour” and now she heads this key RFI department – so stick with it!

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Remember, podcasts are radio, too! As you see, sound is still quite present in the RFI English service. Please keep checking our website for updates on the latest from our journalists. You never know what we’ll surprise you with!

To listen to our podcasts from your PC, go to our website; you’ll see “Podcasts” at the top of the page. You can either listen directly or subscribe and receive them directly on your mobile phone.

To listen to our podcasts from your mobile phone, slide through the tabs just under the lead article (the first tab is “Headline News”) until you see “Podcasts”, and choose your show. 

Teachers take note!  I save postcards and stamps from all over the world to send to you for your students. If you would like stamps and postcards for your students, just write and let me know. The address is english.service@rfi.fr  If you would like to donate stamps and postcards, feel free! Our address is listed below. 

Another idea for your students: Br. Gerald Muller, my beloved music teacher from St. Edward’s University in Austin, Texas, has been writing books for young adults in his retirement – and they are free! There is a volume of biographies of painters and musicians called Gentle Giants, and an excellent biography of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., too. They are also a good way to help you improve your English – that’s how I worked on my French, reading books that were meant for young readers – and I guarantee you, it’s a good method for improving your language skills. To get Br. Gerald’s free books, click here.

Independent RFI English Clubs: Be sure to always include Audrey Iattoni (audrey.iattoni@rfi.fr) from our Listener Relations department in your RFI Club correspondence. Remember to copy me (thesoundkitchen@rfi.fr) when you write to her so that I know what is going on, too. N.B.: You do not need to send her your quiz answers! Email overload!

This week’s quiz: On 24 August, I told you a story about a sign I saw on a French highway this summer. On most highways across France, there are illuminated signboards that tell you if there’s an accident ahead, encourage you to take a break from driving, or remind you of the speed limit. The messages change according to what information is deemed necessary for drivers.

During the Olympic games, the signs said: “Remember: 130 kilometres per hour … speed is for Léon”. You were to write in and tell me who Léon is, and why the French said speed was OK for him.

The answer is: Léon is that French human fish, Léon Marchand. He won four Gold Medals in swimming this year … the 200-meter medley, 200-metre breaststroke, the 200-metre butterfly, and the 400-metre medley. He became the sixth Olympic swimmer to win four gold medals at a single Games.

Léon Marchand is the world record holder in the long course 400-metres individual medley; the Olympic record holder in the 200-metres butterfly, the 200-metres breaststroke, and the 200-metres individual medley; and the French record holder in the long course 200-metre individual medley, 200-metre butterfly and 200-metre breaststroke.

The young man is fast – watching him swim was incredible. See why the French government would tell us to be careful with our speed, but Léon could go as fast as he wished?

In addition to the quiz question, there was the bonus question, suggested by Hans Verner Lollike from Hedehusene, Denmark: “The Paris 24 Olympic Games are over, but if you had a chance to win a Gold Medal, in which sport would it have been?”

Do you have a bonus question idea? Send it to us!

The winners are: RFI Listeners Club member Alan Holder from the Isle of Wight, England. Alan is also this week’s bonus question winner. Congratulations, Alan!

Saleem Akhtar is a winner this week. Saleem is the president of the RFI Seven Stars Radio Listeners Club in District Chiniot, Pakistan.

Pakistan! Congratulations on your amazing javelineer, Arshad Nadeem. Nadeem made history for Pakistan by becoming the first Pakistani to win an individual Olympic gold medal. Not only that, but he set an Olympic record with his throw of 92.97 meters… the sixth-longest throw in history. Mubarak, Arshad! Mubarak, Pakistan!

Also on the list of lucky winners this week are RFI Listeners Club members Rodrigo Hunrichse from Ciudad de Concepción, Chile; Helmut Matt from Herbolzheim in Germany, and Father Steven Wara, who lives in the Cistercian Abbey in Bamenda, in Cameroon’s North West Region.

Congratulations winners!

Here’s the music you heard on this week’s programme: “Imagine” by John Lennon; the waltz op. 64 No. 1 in D flat, the “Minute Waltz” by Frédéric Chopin, performed by Arthur Rubinstein; “The Flight of the Bumblebee” by Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov; “The Cakewalk” from Children’s Corner by Claude Debussy, performed by the composer, and “Pocket Piano” by DJ Mehdi.

Do you have a music request? Send it to thesoundkitchen@rfi.fr

This week’s question … you must listen to the show to participate. After you’ve listened to the show, re-read our article “France’s foreign ministry unveils two-year gender equality strategy”, which will help you with the answer.

You have until 14 October to enter this week’s quiz; the winners will be announced on the 19 October podcast. When you enter be sure to send your postal address with your answer, and if you have one, your RFI Listeners Club membership number.

Send your answers to:

english.service@rfi.fr

or

Susan Owensby

RFI – The Sound Kitchen

80, rue Camille Desmoulins

92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux

France

or

By text … You can also send your quiz answers to The Sound Kitchen mobile phone. Dial your country’s international access code, or “ + ”, then  33 6 31 12 96 82. Don’t forget to include your mailing address in your text – and if you have one, your RFI Listeners Club membership number.

Click here to learn how to win a special Sound Kitchen prize.

Click here to find out how you can become a member of the RFI Listeners Club, or form your own official RFI Club,  

While floods are devastating West Africa, about 68 million people in southern Africa are suffering the effects of an El Nino-induced drought which has wiped out crops across the region. 

Nearly 68 million suffering from drought in southern Africa

Zimbabwe, Malawi, Lesotho, Namibia, and Zambia are facing severe drought conditions, leading to widespread devastation. The impact is stalling economic growth and raising serious concerns about food security in the region. 

Zimbabwe to cull elephants to tackle drought, food shortages

In Zambia, the drought that has gripped southern Africa since early this year has led to rolling power cuts in a country that relies heavily on hydropower.

Some inhabitants, however, have already turned to solar power as an alternative.

To discuss how it can help, we speak this week with John Keane, CEO of the UK-based charity SolarAid, from the Zambian capital Lusaka. 

He explains how sales of solar products have increased by more than 540 percent since the beginning of 2024, and what the social enterprises are doing to spread awareness among Zambians and avoid the use of charcoal or candles.     

Episode mixed by Nicolas Doreau  

Spotlight on Africa is a podcast from Radio France Internationale

“We must have a strong and effective navy to live in peace on our lands,” said President Recep Tayyip Erdogan after commissioning the latest of six planned submarines.

Along with a new helicopter carrier, frigates and over a dozen warships under construction, this is part of Erdogan’s push to bolster the Turkish navy.

“It fits Erdogan’s political agenda of exerting influence overseas, from Qatar to Somalia to Libya,” said Serhat Guvenc, a professor of international relations at Kadir Has University in Istanbul.

“For the navy, it means a greater role in the defence of the country – no longer just territorial, but forward defence from overseas.”

New course

The change has transformed the navy’s mission.

“Turkish sailors used to sail off to sea, but they would come back on the same day to their home bases and spend the night in their homes. That’s no longer the case,” Guvenc says.

“The Turkish navy is evolving into a major regional power.”

Turkey’s military presence abroad includes bases in Qatar, Libya and Somalia, with naval agreements in place. Ankara claims its expansion addresses growing threats around the region.

“When you look at the conflicts in the Black Sea, the Mediterranean, and the Red Sea, they are all around Turkey,” said Mesut Casin, a Turkish presidential adviser and professor at Yeditepe University.

He also pointed to Turkey’s NATO role: “The naval modernisation benefits NATO and the security of Western allies, especially in terms of oil and navigation security.”

Ankara has been quick to flex its new naval muscles. Four years ago, Turkish warships allegedly targeted a French NATO vessel enforcing an arms embargo on Libya.

Turkey and Egypt bury the hatchet with a dozen new bilateral deals

Regional concerns

Greece, with longstanding territorial disputes with Turkey in the Aegean and Mediterranean, has voiced particular concern. Israel, too, has raised alarms over Turkey’s naval growth, including military drones deployed in Turkish-controlled northern Cyprus.

“Some of Turkey’s naval moves, like the UAV base in Northern Cyprus, could be aimed at Israel,” said Gallia Lindenstrauss, a senior researcher at the Institute for National Security Studies in Tel Aviv.

“This doesn’t mean again there will be a direct confrontation, but it does mean that it is something that the Israeli army has to calculate for.”

Greece is also modernising its navy in response to what it sees as the Turkish threat. Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis recently reaffirmed the need for a “deterrent power” against Turkey.

Growing military buildup in Azerbaijan and Armenia a concern for peace talks

Meanwhile, Israel’s growing naval presence in the Eastern Mediterranean, including the deployment of advanced naval assets and joint military exercises with regional partners, is adding to Turkish concerns.

“The Turkish military has begun to feel concerned about the deployment of its [Israel’s] nuclear missile capable submarines in the Mediterranean,” said naval expert Guvenc.

“As long as they were in the Red Sea or Indian Ocean, it wasn’t a problem. But once they shifted to the Mediterranean, it became a potential threat.”

Guvenc is warning that escalating regional suspicions risks spiraling out of control.

“It’s a vicious circle. Turkey builds a new navy to address threats, and now its neighbours feel threatened by Turkey’s naval growth. This is how arms races start, and they don’t tend to end well.”

Turkish shipyards are working at full capacity to meet the country’s growing naval demands. Analysts say this will likely only deepen fears and tensions with its neighbours.

Hello everyone! Welcome to The Sound Kitchen weekly podcast, published every Saturday – here on our website, or wherever you get your podcasts. You’ll hear the winner’s names announced and the week’s quiz question, along with all the other ingredients you’ve grown accustomed to: your letters and essays, “On This Day”, quirky facts and news, interviews, and great music … so be sure and listen every week.

Erwan and I are busy cooking up special shows with your music requests, so get them in! Send your music requests to thesoundkitchen@rfi.fr  Tell us why you like the piece of music, too – it makes it more interesting for us all!

Facebook: Be sure to send your photos to thesoundkitchen@rfi.fr for the RFI English Listeners Forum banner!

More tech news: Did you know we have a YouTube channel? Just go to YouTube and write RFI English in the search bar, and there we are! Be sure to subscribe to see all our videos.

Would you like to learn French? RFI is here to help you!

Our website “Le Français facile avec RFI” has news broadcasts in slow, simple French, as well as bilingual radio dramas (with real actors!) and exercises to practice what you have heard.

Go to our website and get started! At the top of the page, click on “Test level”. According to your score, you’ll be counselled to the best-suited activities for your level.

Do not give up! As Lidwien van Dixhoorn, the head of “Le Français facile” service told me: “Bathe your ears in the sound of the language, and eventually, you’ll get it.” She should know – Lidwien is Dutch and came to France hardly able to say “bonjour” and now she heads this key RFI department – so stick with it!

Be sure you check out our wonderful podcasts!

In addition to the breaking news articles on our site, with in-depth analysis of current affairs in France and across the globe, we have several podcasts that will leave you hungry for more.

There’s Paris Perspective, Spotlight on France, Spotlight on Africa, and of course, The Sound Kitchen. We have an award-winning bilingual series – an old-time radio show, with actors (!) to help you learn French, called Les voisins du 12 bis. And there is the excellent International Report, too.

Remember, podcasts are radio, too! As you see, sound is still quite present in the RFI English service. Please keep checking our website for updates on the latest from our journalists. You never know what we’ll surprise you with!

To listen to our podcasts from your PC, go to our website; you’ll see “Podcasts” at the top of the page. You can either listen directly or subscribe and receive them directly on your mobile phone.

To listen to our podcasts from your mobile phone, slide through the tabs just under the lead article (the first tab is “Headline News”) until you see “Podcasts”, and choose your show. 

Teachers take note!  I save postcards and stamps from all over the world to send to you for your students. If you would like stamps and postcards for your students, just write and let me know. The address is english.service@rfi.fr  If you would like to donate stamps and postcards, feel free! Our address is listed below. 

Another idea for your students: Br. Gerald Muller, my beloved music teacher from St. Edward’s University in Austin, Texas, has been writing books for young adults in his retirement – and they are free! There is a volume of biographies of painters and musicians called Gentle Giants, and an excellent biography of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., too. They are also a good way to help you improve your English – that’s how I worked on my French, reading books that were meant for young readers – and I guarantee you, it’s a good method for improving your language skills. To get Br. Gerald’s free books, click here.

Independent RFI English Clubs: Be sure to always include Audrey Iattoni (audrey.iattoni@rfi.fr) from our Listener Relations department in your RFI Club correspondence. Remember to copy me (thesoundkitchen@rfi.fr) when you write to her so that I know what is going on, too. N.B.: You do not need to send her your quiz answers! Email overload!

This week’s quiz: On 15 July, Rwandans were voting for their next president, as well as the members of the country’s 80-seat lower house of parliament.

There was little doubt that the current president, Paul Kagame, would win his fourth term. And he did, with 99.18 percent of the vote. 

There actually were two opposition candidates, which you read about in our article “Rwanda heads to the polls to likely re-elect Kagame for fourth term”.

You were to send in the answer to this question: What are the names of the two opposition candidates who ran against the incumbent president of Rwanda, Paul Kagame, in the 15 July polls?

The answer is: Democratic Green party leader Frank Habineza and the independent Philippe Mpayimana.

In addition to the quiz question, there was the bonus question, suggested by Rodrigo Hunrichse from Ciudad de Concepción, Chile: “What do you think young people should do? Should they work, save, ensure their future, and put off traveling until they are more established? Or should they ‘seize the day’ and go while they’re young?”

Do you have a bonus question idea? Send it to us!

The winners are: RFI Listeners Club member Radhakrishna Pillai from Kerala State, India. Radhakrishna is also this week’s bonus question winner. Congratulations on your double win, Radhakrishna.

Also on the list of lucky winners this week are two RFI Listeners Club members from Bangladesh: Sharifa Akter Panna from Kishoreganj, and Faruq Ahmed from Dhaka. There’s also Club member Zenon Teles from Goa, India – Zenon is also the president of the Christian – Marxist – Leninist – Maoist Association of Listening DX-ers.

Last but not least, there’s RFI English listener Zannatul Zuthi from Narayanganj, Bangladesh.

Congratulations winners!

Here’s the music you heard on this week’s programme: “Allegro vivo” from the Symphony in C major by Georges Bizet, performed by Leonard Bernstein and the New York Philharmonic; “La Campanella” by Nicolo Paganini, performed by Igor Oistrakh; “The Flight of the Bumblebee” by Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov; “The Cakewalk” from Children’s Corner by Claude Debussy, performed by the composer, and “Day Tripper” by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, performed by Sergio Mendes & Brasil ’66.  

Do you have a music request? Send it to thesoundkitchen@rfi.fr

This week’s question … you must listen to the show to participate. After you’ve listened to the show, re-read Melissa Chemam’s article “High expectations as Algeria’s President Tebboune begins new mandate”, which will help you with the answer.

You have until 7 October to enter this week’s quiz; the winners will be announced on the 12 October podcast. When you enter be sure to send your postal address with your answer, and if you have one, your RFI Listeners Club membership number.

Send your answers to:

english.service@rfi.fr

or

Susan Owensby

RFI – The Sound Kitchen

80, rue Camille Desmoulins

92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux

France

or

By text … You can also send your quiz answers to The Sound Kitchen mobile phone. Dial your country’s international access code, or “ + ”, then  33 6 31 12 96 82. Don’t forget to include your mailing address in your text – and if you have one, your RFI Listeners Club membership number.

Click here to learn how to win a special Sound Kitchen prize.

Click here to find out how you can become a member of the RFI Listeners Club, or form your own official RFI Club,  

The Paralympics in Paris shone a light on disability and the challenges disabled people in France face in getting access to sport. Novosports, one of only 40 sports clubs in the capital open to players with disabilities, is entirely focused on inclusive sports, where people with and without disabilities can train together. Club founder Jerome Rousseau talks about developing inclusive volleyball, and club members talk about the importance of opening sport up to everyone. (Listen @1’55”)

Decades before the Paralympic Games were born, the world’s first multi-discipline competition for athletes with a disability took place in Paris in the summer of 1924. Reserved for deaf competitors, the International Silent Games were a landmark in the history of inclusive sport and laid the foundations for today’s contests. Historian Didier Séguillon, curator of an exhibition on the Games at the National Institute for Deaf Young People, discusses their origins and legacy. (Listen @10’15”)

Since recent parliamentary elections in France failed to give any political party a ruling majority, the three main blocs – the left-wing NFP alliance, the centre-right Ensemble coalition and the far-right National Rally – have been at loggerheads. The new prime minister has to form a unity government, but this involves compromise on all sides – a notion that’s often equated in France with “giving in”. Laure Gillot-Assayag, a researcher in political science and philosophy, argues that in such a politically divided landscape, France needs a culture of compromise more than ever. (Listen @17’10”)

Episode mixed by Cecile Pompéani. 

Spotlight on France is a podcast from Radio France International. Find us on rfienglish.com, Apple podcasts (link here), Spotify (link here) or your favourite podcast app (pod.link/1573769878).

Madhya Pradesh is often referred to as the Heart of India. Located right in the middle of the country, the Indian region shows everything India has to offer through its abundant diversity. The IFTM trade show, which took place in Paris at the end of September, presented the perfect opportunity for travel enthusiasts to discover the region.

Sheo Shekhar Shukla, Managing Director of Madhya Pradesh’s tourism board, sat down to explain his approach to sustainable tourism.

“Post-covid the whole world has known a shift in their approach when it comes to tourism. And all those discerning travelers want to have different kinds of experiences: something offbeat, something new, something which has not been explored before.”

Through its UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Shukla wants to showcase the deep history Madhya Pradesh has to offer.

“UNESCO is very actively supporting us and three of our sites are already World Heritage Sites. Sanchi is a very famous buddhist spiritual destination, Bhimbetka is a place where prehistoric rock shelters are still preserved, and Khajuraho is home to thousand year old temples with magnificent architecture.”

All in all, Shukla believes that there’s only one way forward for the industry: “Travelers must take sustainable tourism as a paradigm in order to take tourism to the next level.”

In partnership with Madhya Pradesh’s tourism board.

Also known as the Land of the Beautiful Islands, Malaysia’s landscape and cultural diversity is almost unmatched on the planet. Those qualities were all put on display at the Malaysian stand during the IFTM trade show.

Libra Hanif, director of Tourism Malaysia, explained the appeal of the country as well as the importance of promoting sustainable tourism today: “Sustainable travel is a major trend now, with the changes that are happening post-covid. People want to get close to nature, to get close to people. So Malaysia being a multicultural and diverse [country] with a lot of natural environments, we felt that it’s a good thing for us to promote Malaysia.”

Malaysia has also gained fame in recent years, through its numerous UNESCO World Heritage Sites, which include Kinabalu Park and the Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley.

Green mobility has also become an integral part of tourism in Malaysia, with an increasing number of people using bikes to discover the country: “If you are a little more adventurous, we have the mountain back trails where you can cut across gazetted trails to see the natural attractions and the wildlife that we have in Malaysia,” says Hanif. “If you are not that adventurous, you’ll be looking for relaxing cycling. We also have countryside spots, where you can see all the scenery in a relaxing session.”

With more than 25,000 visitors at this IFTM trade show this year, Malaysia’s tourism board got to showcase the best the country and its people have to offer.

In partnership with Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board. For more information about Malaysia, click here.